Luigi: Difference between revisions

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m (→‎Enemies/Rivals: Arch-nemesis means main enemy, so that's redundant. Also I don't get the other edit.)
 
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{{character-infobox
{{about|[[Mario]]'s younger brother from the [[Super Mario (franchise)|''Super Mario'' franchise]]|the portrayal of Luigi in the [[Super Mario Bros. (film)|''Super Mario Bros.'' film]]|[[Luigi (film character)]]|his infant counterpart|[[Baby Luigi]]}}
|image=[[File:Luigi MP10.png|150px]]<br>'''Luigi'''{{'}}s artwork from ''Mario Party 10''.  
{{character infobox
|first_appearance=''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]'' ([[List of games by date#1983|1983]])
|image=<!--Do not change to Super Mario Bros. Wonder artwork as that features the Parachute Cap ability, making it game specialised.-->[[File:MPSS Luigi.png|170px]]<br>Artwork from ''[[Mario Party Superstars]]''
|species=[[Human]]
|full_name=Luigi Mario<ref>Brian. [http://nintendoeverything.com/miyamoto-says-marios-full-name-is-mario-mario/ Miyamoto says Mario’s full name is “Mario Mario”]. ''Nintendo Everything'' (September 14, 2015). Retrieved September 14th 2015</ref>
|latest_appearance=''[[Puzzle & Dragons: Super Mario Bros. Edition]]'' ([[List of Mario games by date#2015|2015]])
|first_appearance=''[[Mario Bros. (Game & Watch)|Mario Bros.]]'' ([[Game & Watch]]) ([[List of games by date#1983|1983]])
|latest_portrayal=[[Charles Martinet]] (1997 - present)
|species=Human
|latest_appearance=''[[Super Mario RPG (Nintendo Switch)|Super Mario RPG]]'' ([[Nintendo Switch]]) ([[List of games by date#2023|2023]])
|latest_portrayal=[[Kevin Afghani]] ([[List of games by date#2023|2023]]–present)
}}
}}
{{quote|I'm-a Luigi, number one!|Luigi|Mario Kart 64}}
{{quote|Eek! No one told me there would be gh-gh-ghosts here! I wish I'd brought my [[Poltergust 3000]] with me.|Luigi|Fortune Street}}
 
'''Luigi''' is [[Mario]]'s younger but taller twin brother, the secondary protagonist of the [[Super Mario (franchise)|''Super Mario'' franchise]], and the main protagonist of the ''[[Luigi's Mansion (series)|Luigi's Mansion]]'' series. Throughout his life, he has lived in Mario's shadow, developing both cowardly and heroic tendencies. Despite this, Luigi has helped and fought alongside his brother on many occasions. ''[[Mario Bros. (Game & Watch)|Mario Bros.]]'' for the [[Game & Watch]] marks his first appearance, in which he is an exact copy of Mario. He went on to gain a different color and be used to facilitate a second-player option. However, as Luigi established himself throughout the ''Super Mario'' franchise, he gained his own identity as a character.
'''Luigi''' (Japanese: ルイージ, ''Ruīji'') is [[Mario]]'s younger, taller, thinner twin brother. He is a major protagonist of the [[Mario (series)|''Mario'' series]]. Luigi has helped and fought alongside his brother on many occasions. Throughout his life, he has lived in Mario's shadow, developing both cowardly and heroic tendencies. ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]'' marks his first appearance in the ''Mario'' series and his debut in general. Originally a palette swap of Mario, Luigi was created to facilitate a second player option. Since the two-player mode was dropped from most main ''Super Mario'' games beginning with ''[[Super Mario Land]]'', Luigi has gained his own identity and personality. This is especially noticeable in installments for the ''Luigi's Mansion'' series of games, as well as the [[Mario & Luigi (series)|''Mario & Luigi'' series]].
 
==Creation and development==
==Creation and development==
Luigi was created when [[Shigeru Miyamoto]] set out to create ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]''<ref>[http://themushroomkingdom.net/games/mb-arcade The Mushroom Kingdom] (Accessed on 7-2-09)</ref> after being told that Mario resembled a plumber, a notion he wanted to officially establish.<ref name="ign">McLaughlin, Rus (November 8, 2007). [http://web.archive.org/web/20071109202747/http://games.ign.com/articles/833/833615p1.html IGN Presents The History of Super Mario Bros.] IGN. (Accessed on 6-28-09)</ref> After observing the two-player competitive and cooperative gameplay of the arcade game ''[[Wikipedia:Joust (video game)|Joust]]'', Miyamoto wished to incorporate a similar style of gameplay into his own game.<ref name="ign"/><ref name="tiam">[http://www.arcade-museum.com/game_detail.php?letter=&game_id=8624 The International Arcade Museum] (Accessed on 7-2-08)</ref> Miyamoto's answer to ''Joust''{{'}}s stork-riding player 2 was Luigi, Mario's green-clad younger twin brother, with whom he could compete or cooperate. While Mario's name was based on [[wikipedia:Mario Segale|Mario Segale]], Luigi's name was based on a popular pizzeria near Nintendo of America's headquarters, named ''Mario & Luigi's''{{refneeded}}. His name also is based on the Japanese word 「類似」 (''ruiji''), meaning "similar"<ref>[http://www.vgfacts.com/attachments/full/2/3293.png News article covering interview with Shigeru Miyamoto]. Retrieved January 24, 2015.</ref>, which was one of the reasons why Luigi was a simple palette swap of Mario in the older games. With the 2-player mode in mind, [[Nintendo]] and publishing companies such as Atari gave Luigi immediate publicity, making him the star and center of attention in many [[List of Mario references in advertisements|advertisements]] for the game.<ref name="mbcommercial">[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tSte8m4Da6A Commercial for Atari Mario Bros. featuring a live-action Luigi.]</ref><ref>[http://themushroomkingdom.net/mania/a/print/mb-atari.jpg Print ad for ''Mario Bros.'']</ref>
Luigi was created when [[Gunpei Yokoi]] set out to produce ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]''<ref>[https://iwataasks.nintendo.com/interviews/wii/nsmb/0/1/ Iwata Asks: New Super Mario Bros. Wii Vol. 1 Ch. 2]. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://news.denfaminicogamer.jp/column01/180619#i-4 『パックマン』にはじまり『スーパーマリオ』でひとつの完成形に達した“キャラクターの身体機能”「なんでゲームは面白い?」第11回]. Retrieved May 2, 2023. (Contains quote from Yokoi found in 「横井軍平ゲーム館」.)</ref> After observing the two-player competitive and cooperative gameplay of the arcade game ''{{wp|Joust (video game)|Joust}}'', he and [[Shigeru Miyamoto]] wished to incorporate a similar style of gameplay into their game.<ref>[https://loderun.blog.ss-blog.jp/2005-09-18 『マリオブラザーズ』の元ネタは『ジャウスト』? (その1)]. Retrieved May 2, 2023. (Addendum quotes an interview with Miyamoto found in 「ゲーム・マエストロ Vol.1」.)</ref> Their answer to ''Joust''{{'}}s stork-riding player 2 was Luigi, a younger twin brother to Mario, with whom he could compete or cooperate. Like Mario, Luigi received his name from [[Nintendo]] of America. Coincidentally, his name was also noted to be similar to the Japanese word 「類似」 (''ruiji''), meaning "similar",<ref>[http://www.vgfacts.com/attachments/full/2/3293.png News article covering interview with Shigeru Miyamoto]. Retrieved January 24, 2015.</ref> possibly a reference to how Luigi was originally a simple palette swap of Mario. With the 2-player mode in mind, Nintendo and publishing companies such as Atari gave Luigi immediate publicity, making him the star and center of attention in many [[List of advertisements|advertisements]] for the game.<ref name="mbcommercial">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-G0PA7lDRO8 Commercial for Atari Mario Bros. featuring a live-action Luigi.]</ref><ref>[http://themushroomkingdom.net/mania/a/print/mb-atari.jpg Print ad for ''Mario Bros.'']</ref>


Since his debut in [[List of games by date#1983|1983]], Luigi has been constantly developing. Gameplay differences between him and Mario were first seen in ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]'', which have been carried over into future games and have become standard for the character. After spending years as a palette swap of his brother, Luigi has consistently been given his own graphics since ''[[Super Mario Kart]]'' in 1992; the American ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', however, is an exception to this. As aforementioned, Luigi also started earning his own personality in the post-''Super Mario 64'' era, starting with ''[[Paper Mario]]'' and ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]''.
Since his debut in [[List of games by date#1983|1983]], Luigi has been constantly developing. Gameplay differences between him and Mario were first seen in ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]'', which have been carried over into future games and have become standard for the character. After spending years as a palette swap of his brother, Luigi has consistently been given his own graphics since ''[[Super Mario Kart]]'' in 1992 to match his official appearance as Mario's taller, younger brother; though the American release of ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' portrayed him in this way six years earlier. As he developed, Luigi gained more of a personality; it was as early as the [[DiC Entertainment|DiC]] cartoons that Luigi was shown to be the more cautious of the two brothers, though it was not until ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' that this was truly and officially established.


In 2013, Luigi was the focus of the [[Year of Luigi]], where in Nintendo released a number of themed games and merchandise and held events to honor the thirtieth anniversary of Luigi's first appearance in ''Mario Bros.''
In 2013, Luigi was the focus of the [[Year of Luigi]], where in Nintendo released a number of themed games and merchandise and held events to honor the thirtieth anniversary of Luigi's first appearance in ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]''


==History==
==History==
{{rewrite|of inconsistent tenses and image clutter}}
{{main|History of Luigi}}
Luigi has had a substantial history since his debut in ''[[Mario Bros. (Game & Watch)|Mario Bros.]]'' due to being a protagonist of the franchise. Like Mario and all other characters, his appearances are not limited to the core series, appearing in many spin-offs, literature, and animation.


===''Mario Bros.''===
==General information==
{{multiframe|1=<div style=background:black>[[File:MarioBrosSprite.PNG]]</div>|align=left|size=16}}
===Concept and creation===
Luigi's first playable appearance is in ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]'', where he is simply a palette swap of [[Mario]] with the same controls and abilities. There are no other differences in physical appearance. In the game, Luigi and Mario are portrayed as plumbers, who are trying to rid the sewers where they are working from [[Shellcreeper]]s, [[Freezie|Slipice]]s, and many other monstrous creatures.
The arcade game ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]'' incorporated a multiplayer mode, but due to memory restrictions, the second player character needed to have a sprite identical to the first. The development team thought of differentiating the second character by giving him different colors, but the color palette budget was similarly limited.<ref name="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone (April 8, 2013). [https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/pictures/shigeru-miyamoto-shares-nintendo-secrets-20130408/being-green-0338921 Shigeru Miyamoto Shares Nintendo Secrets]. ''Rolling Stone''. Retrieved May 13, 2018</ref> As a result, Luigi was conceived as a twin of Mario to explain his resemblance and he was made green to recycle the color palette of the [[Shellcreeper]] enemy.<ref name="Rolling Stone"></ref>


Luigi was played by an unknown actor in a live-action commercial for the Atari 2600 version of ''Mario Bros.''. The commercial portrays Luigi as a coward. It is unknown if this might have inspired Luigi's current personality or not.
===Physical description===
 
===''Super Mario'' series===
====''Super Mario Bros.''====
{{multiframe|1=<div style=background:#6B8CFF>[[File:Smb1 luigi.gif]]</div>|align=left|size=16}}
Luigi appears in ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'', where he has the same jumping powers, same traction, and the same running speed as Mario. He is only playable in 2-player mode.
 
====''Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels''====
Luigi appears in the Japan-only sequel of ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'', ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]''. For the first time, Luigi could now jump higher and further than Mario, but he has less traction. He was no longer the second player, but a different playable character.
 
====''Super Mario Bros. 2''====
[[File:Luigi_SMB_TLL.png|thumb|right|Luigi in ''Super Mario Bros. 2''.]]
Luigi is one of four playable characters in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', where, like the Japanese version, he could jump higher than anyone else. He is the second weakest in the group. This is the first game where Luigi isn't a recolor of Mario's sprite.
 
====''Super Mario Bros. 3''====
[[File:LuigiwalkgreenshellSMB3.gif|frame|left]]
In ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', Luigi is the same as he was in Super Mario Bros., only this time he can use more items, and carry things. Again, he is only in 2-player mode.
 
====''Super Mario World''====
[[File:SLW.png|frame|left|Luigi's sprites]]
Luigi appears in ''[[Super Mario World]]'' with the same abilities as in past games, this time he can [[Spin Jump]]. In the GBA port, Luigi had different abilities to set him apart from Mario, such as his scuttle jump, and his Yoshi being able to spit out enemies. Luigi has different appearances in all three versions, as shown in the picture.
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====''Super Mario 64 DS''====
[[File:Luigi Artwork - Super Mario 64 DS.png|thumb|120px|right|Artwork of Luigi from ''Super Mario 64 DS''.]]
While Luigi does not appear in the final version ''[[Super Mario 64]]'', he does appear in its remake ''[[Super Mario 64 DS]]''. Luigi, along with Mario and Wario, enter [[Princess Peach's Castle]] after she invites them. Bowser and his [[Koopa Troop]] then took over the castle and captured each of the plumbers. Luigi was locked behind a door, and the [[key]] to the door was guarded by [[King Boo]]. Eventually, [[Yoshi]], who was sleeping on the castle roof and was not captured by Bowser's troop, manages to rescue Mario, who in turn manages to find King Boo's hideout and defeats him in battle, allowing him to get the key needed to free Luigi. While Luigi himself is needed to get certain stars, several Luigi [[Cap]]s can be found on every course after he's been rescued. The Luigi caps allow the wearer to mimic Luigi's appearance, attributes and abilities perfectly, save for his voice. Luigi is also the only character who could save [[Wario]] from [[Chief Chilly]]'s grasp, as he was needed to walk through a mirror using his invisibility flower to get to Wario's painting.
 
[[File:WhompKingSM64DS.png|thumb|left|Luigi battling the [[Whomp King]].]]
Although Luigi runs a bit slower than his brother Mario, the instruction booklet for ''Super Mario 64 DS'' says that he has the greatest agility (though he does swim faster than the other characters). Luigi is also the best jumper, tied with Yoshi, but is the second weakest character, meaning he takes longer to pick up enemies and walks slower while carrying them. If Luigi performs a backward somersault, he does a [[Spin Jump]], similarly to what happens when any of the characters jumps on a [[Fly Guy]]. Luigi can also [[Scuttle]] for a short period of time (a reference to the trait applied to him in the ''Super Mario Advance'' remakes of SNES games), and he can also run on water for a few seconds because of his lighter body. Luigi's Special Ability from a [[Power Flower]] is to become invisible, similar to the invisible power Mario gets in the original game when wearing the [[Vanish Cap]]. This ability allows him to evade enemies and run through certain interfaces.
 
All of Luigi's [[minigame]]s from the [[Rec Room (Super Mario 64 DS)|Rec Room]], some also reused in ''New Super Mario Bros.''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s minigame mode, revolve around gambling games. Luigi acts as the dealer in all of the card games, and he does not wear his usual attire, instead wearing a white shirt with a black vest and a green bow tie.
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====''New Super Mario Bros.''====
[[File:LuigiJumpNSMB.png|thumb|120px|left|Luigi [[jump]]ing in ''New Super Mario Bros.'']]
In ''[[New Super Mario Bros.]]'', [[Princess Peach]] was kidnapped and had to be saved by Mario and Luigi. This time, she is kidnapped by [[Bowser Jr.]], Bowser's son. The Mario Bros. set out on their adventure to save the princess. Mario and Luigi travel to the many areas of the [[Mushroom Kingdom]], fighting the many [[enemies]] that [[Bowser]] and Bowser Jr. put in their way. At the castle in [[World 8 (New Super Mario Bros.)|World 8]], Mario and Luigi ended up fighting [[Dry Bowser]] (an undead version of Bowser). After being tricked into believing that they had finally defeated Bowser, Bowser Jr. steals Peach and the Mario Bros. follow him to [[Bowser's Castle]] where they finally confront a now-revived, bigger Bowser and Bowser Jr.. Again, the Mario Bros. defeat Bowser and his son and rescue Peach once again. After the credits roll, the secret code to play as Luigi is revealed as {{button|ds|L}}+{{button|ds|R}}+{{button|ds|A}}, though, the player can choose Luigi even before the player finishes the game. Luigi will say his name to indicate that the code worked correctly. His role is the same as Mario's. Luigi also appeares in this game's multiplayer mode "Mario vs. Luigi" where he battles Mario for [[Big Star]]s. Luigi also appears in some of the minigames, Whack-a-Monty, and the card games.
 
====''Super Mario Galaxy''====
[[File:LuigiGalaxy.gif|thumb|230px|right|Luigi looking up at [[Luma (character)|Luma]] in ''Super Mario Galaxy''.]]
Luigi appears in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]''. When Bowser abducts Peach's Castle, Luigi and the [[Toad Brigade]] are apparently inside. However, they all escape and get lost in space. Luigi is imprisoned in the [[Ghostly Galaxy]]. Mario must come and rescue him, after which he will help Mario in three different galaxies, by collecting stars (although he gets lost every time and must be rescued). After collecting three stars, Luigi leaves the rest up to Mario.
 
After the player collects all 120 [[Power Star]]s and defeats Bowser again, the player has to play as Luigi in order to collect the next 120 Power Stars. There are several differences when playing as Luigi: he can run faster, but takes more time to build up speed; it is harder for him to stop running; he can jump higher and further; and the air meter depletes faster while [[spin]]ning underwater. Additionally, [[Cosmic Mario|Cosmic Luigi]] is faster and more intelligent than [[Cosmic Mario]] while racing.
 
In Luigi's playthrough of the game, Mario is absent, resulting in two Luigis. The playable Luigi is a little shorter and has a different head shape than the NPC Luigi, and his clothes are slightly lighter. The NPC Luigi refers to the playable Luigi as "me" though he calls Mario "bro" in his letters as if he is writing to Mario. Also, Rosalina calls the NPC Luigi his "twin".
 
====''New Super Mario Bros. Wii''====
[[File:NsmbLuigi.png|thumb|120px|left|Luigi jumping in ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii''.]]
Luigi appears in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]''. The game begins at Peach's Castle, where the princess's birthday is being celebrated. A large [[cake]] suddenly arrives, which is revealed to be a trap; Bowser Jr. and the Koopalings burst out, then kidnap Peach. Mario, Luigi, [[Blue Toad (New Super Mario Bros. Wii)|Blue Toad]], and [[Yellow Toad (New Super Mario Bros. Wii)|Yellow Toad]], all attendees of the party, venture through the Mushroom Kingdom to rescue her, this time not only with his brother, but with the two Toad companions. Later in the story, after Bowser is defeated, he opens the door for Mario and Peach in his hot-air balloon but they take off and leave Luigi behind. Blue and Yellow Toad take him in theirs instead. Also, when a player hits the [[Super Guide Block]], Luigi will guide the player through the level the player is stuck on. He can also be played in co-op mode.
 
====''Super Mario Galaxy 2''====
{{quote|Hey, [[Mario|Bro]]! I'm all over the place these days, exploring the universe!|Luigi|Super Mario Galaxy 2}}
[[File:SMG2 Luigi.png|thumb|200px|right|Luigi in ''Super Mario Galaxy 2''.]]
Luigi appears in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy 2]]'' where he often teams up with [[Mario]] and [[Yoshi]] to save the universe from being ruled by [[Bowser]], and to retrieve the [[Power Star]]s.
 
As a playable character, he is controlled the same way as in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]'' and is still unlockable. Luigi can be found at the beginning of some levels. When Mario walks over and talks to Luigi, he will ask Mario if he can get the Power Star instead. In this game, like in ''Super Mario Galaxy'', he is faster and can jump higher than Mario but is harder to stop. Also, completing levels with Luigi will unlock [[Ghost (Super Mario Galaxy 2)|staff ghosts]] for as many missions as the player is able to complete as Luigi. If the player uses the [[Co-Star Luma]] to spin in front of Luigi when he appears in a galaxy, he releases several [[Star Bit]]s.
 
Once the player completes [[Bowser's Galaxy Generator]], they can alternate between using Mario or Luigi, via the [[Starship Mario]]; the [[Mailtoad]] will have mail from Luigi, telling the player that Mario can now switch with Luigi.
 
This game differs from the first game in that Mario can switch to and from Luigi while under the same game file, as opposed to leaving the game file and switching from Mario to Luigi or vice versa via a button on the game file selection screen.
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====''Super Mario 3D Land''====
[[File:LuigiSM3DL2.png|thumb|left|200px|Luigi in ''Super Mario 3D Land''.]]
Luigi appears as a playable character in ''[[Super Mario 3D Land]]'', where he plays like he did in ''[[Super Mario Bros. The Lost Levels]]'' and the ''Super Mario Galaxy'' games, having a better jump in exchange for worse traction. Mario can unlock Luigi in the first castle in Special World 1. He is held prisoner by [[Dry Bowser]] and can be unlocked by defeating him. He cannot use the [[Invincibility Leaf]] or the [[P-Wing]] unless the player skips a level as [[Mario]] in the Normal Worlds by using a Warp Zone.
 
Tanooki Luigi appears differently from Tanooki Mario; while the latter appears like a tanuki, the former actually appears like a kitsune (a Japanese Fox) rather than a tanuki like in ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', being given honey colored fur and a fox-like tail and ears. Most foreign languages also call this form of Luigi "Kitsune Luigi."
{{br}}
 
====''New Super Mario Bros. 2''====
[[File:LuigiNSMB2.png|100px|thumb|right|Luigi, as he appears in ''New Super Mario Bros. 2''.]]
Luigi reappears in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' as the second player in the Co-Op Mode. His Raccoon form is similar to his Tanooki form in ''Super Mario 3D Land'', looking more like a kitsune or a fox rather than a raccoon, and in order to differentiate from [[Gold Mario]], his [[Gold Flower]] form is metallic silver instead. After beating [[Bowser]] in [[World 6 (New Super Mario Bros. 2)|World 6]], Luigi is unlocked as a playable character in the single player story mode. To play as Luigi, the player must hold {{button|3ds|L}} + {{button|3ds|R}} when starting the game. He is not playable in the [[Coin Rush]] mode. When the player as Luigi finishes [[World 6-Bowser's Castle (New Super Mario Bros. 2)|World 6-Bowser's Castle]], the credits will not roll as he is not available in the main storyline yet.
 
====''New Super Mario Bros. U''====
Luigi reappears in the game ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]'' along with Mario, Toads and [[Miis]]. He is a playable character only in multiplayer mode. The game starts off with them enjoying some cake with Princess Peach, but their dessert is soon interrupted by Bowser and the [[Koopalings]]' airships which invade the castle and throw the Mario Bros. and the Toads to the far off [[Acorn Plains]]. The bros and the Toads then begin their journey back to Peach's castle to save her and stop Bowser.
 
=====''New Super Luigi U''=====
[[File:Luigi and Yoshi Artwork - New Super Luigi U.png|100px|thumb|left|Luigi, riding [[Yoshi]], in ''New Super Luigi U''.]]
To celebrate 2013 as the [[Year of Luigi]], Luigi reappears as the main playable character in ''[[New Super Luigi U]]'', with Mario making no appearance in the expansion pack. In this game, Luigi is given his unique play style again; he jumps higher and farther than Mario, but has worse traction, as in other titles such as ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]''.
{{br}}
 
====''Super Mario 3D World''====
[[File:Luigi Artwork - Super Mario 3D World.png|200px|thumb|Luigi in ''Super Mario 3D World''.]]
Luigi returns in ''[[Super Mario 3D World]]''. Like with past 3D ''Mario'' titles, he retains his trademark abilities, being able to jump higher than the other playable characters, but stopping more slowly when moving on the ground.
 
Luigi is also featured as the playable character in the game's "Luigi Bros." minigame, a game identical to ''Mario Bros.'' but featuring Luigi as the main playable character.
 
===''Wrecking Crew''===
[[File:Wrecking Weegee.png|frame|left]]
Luigi was once again the second player in ''[[Wrecking Crew]]''. Luigi's sprite was still a palette swap of Mario's, but this time Luigi was dressed in red and had purple eyes and hair with a purple hammer. In this game, Mario and Luigi worked on a demolition site. The goal was to break down every stone wall on each stage. Defeating enemies in this game was not easy, as Mario and Luigi's regular hammer dealt them no damage. However, it could make [[Foreman Spike]] fall down if one of the Mario Bros. could hit him with it. If an enemy wanders underneath a drum, Mario or Luigi could trap them by causing the drum to fall.
 
===''Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen!''===
[[File:AnimeLuigi.png|thumb|200px|right||Luigi in a yellow shirt and navy hat in ''Peach-hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen!''.]]
The first animated Luigi appeared in the anime movie ''[[Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen!]]'' ("Super Mario Bros.: The Great Mission to Rescue Princess Peach!"), where he was voiced by Yuu Mizushima. For some reason, he was mis-colored in the movie as wearing a blue cap and overalls and a yellow shirt (and a red shirt in the promotional artwork for the anime), although it may be worth noting that, at the time of <i>Peach-hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen!</i>'s creation, Luigi had not yet been given a consistent palette and his current color scheme had not been introduced in-game. The anime also marked the first time Luigi was ever given a personality; ''Peach-hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen!'' depicted Luigi as very greedy, typically thinking only of profits and characterized by his pick-axe and shovel, both of which he used to mine for [[Coin]]s. (As a matter of fact, Luigi often left adventuring with Mario and [[Haru-ōji|Kibidango]] to search for Coins, though he usually ended up helping them progress in various ways through his miserly efforts.) Luigi in the anime was also noticeably more serious and less dreamy than Mario, and he seemed to lack his brother's almost otherworldly connection to Princess Peach.
 
===''Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.''===
[[File:AnimeLuigiTwo.jpg|thumb|120px|left|Luigi and Bowser in the ''Super Mario'' anime series.]]
Luigi also appeared in another anime, the ''[[Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.]]'', which depicted as wearing his traditional blue overalls and green shirt. Luigi only appears in the last story of the ''Super Mario'' anime series film, ''[[Super Mario Shirayuki-hime|Shirayuki-hime]]'' (''[[wikipedia:Snow White|Snow White]]'') appearing just in time to save Mario and Princess Peach from Bowser, who was portrayed as the stories' wicked queen.
 
===DIC cartoons===
[[File:SMWLuigi.png|thumb|140px|right|Luigi as he is seen in the ''Super Mario World'' animated series.]]
{{LLQuote|That's Mama Luigi to you, Mario!|Luigi|Super Mario World (television series)|Super Mario World}}
 
Luigi appeared in all ninety-one episodes of the three cartoon series produced by [[DIC Entertainment]], though [[Mario]] only appeared in ninety episodes. In these cartoons, he was given green eyes instead of the usual blue that he has in the games.
 
====''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!''====
On the [[TV & Movies|tv show]] ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]'', Luigi, portrayed by [[Danny Wells]], is seen living in [[Brooklyn]] together with Mario in the live-action segments. Like his brother, Luigi works as a plumber, running [[Mario Brothers Plumbing]] together with him. The episode [[Plummers Academy]] shows that he graduated from the [[Brooklyn Plumbers Academy]] together with Mario. The live-action segments show the two as having gained a reputation for their plumbing skills, even being awarded the title [[Plumbers of the Year]] in the segment of the same name. In the cartoon segments of the show, Luigi regularly joins his brother in various adventures in the [[Mushroom Kingdom]]. ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'' is the origin of Luigi's cautious, easily-frightened personality which Nintendo later brought into the games as well, including ''Luigi's Mansion''.
 
====''The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3''====
[[File:Luigi-CasanovaKoopa.jpg|thumb|left|Luigi as '''Casanova Koopa'''.]]
Luigi is played by [[Tony Rosato]] in the two cartoon follow-ups to the ''Super Show'': ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' and ''[[Super Mario World (television series)|Super Mario World]]''. The former is almost exactly like the ''Super Show'', except the [[Koopalings|Koopa Kids]] join their father in making trouble for Luigi and the others.
 
In episode [[The Beauty of Kootie]], Casanova Koopa is what Luigi turned into to trick [[Wendy O. Koopa|Kootie Pie]] into letting [[Toad]], [[Princess Peach|Toadstool]], and the [[Mushroom King|King]] of [[Desert Land]] free. Kootie tricked Mario by having her brother Cheatsy change her into a human so she could flirt with him and distract him in order to carry out their plan. After the trick was revealed and the Mario brothers got away, Mario used a swiped [[Magic Wand|magic wand]] to transform Luigi into Kootie's "dream reptile" as a distraction. The trick worked for awhile, but after Casanova Koopa tricked Kootie Pie into releasing the prisoners and Kootie started kissing him, she accidentally activated her wand. Subsequently, Luigi was reverted into his true state, which made Kootie Pie scream and chase him with Cheatsy behind her.
 
====''Super Mario World''====
The [[Super Mario World (television series)|''Super Mario World'' television series]] shifts the setting from the [[Mushroom Kingdom]] to [[Dinosaur Land|Dinosaur World]], but once again, is relatively the same as the earlier cartoons, with Mario, Luigi, Princess Toadstool stopping the evil plots of King Koopa and his Koopa Kids. However, the heroes are now aided by the dinosaur [[Yoshi]] (replacing Toad), who was actually discovered by Luigi, who found a [[Yoshi Egg]] after falling down a waterfall. When he hatched, Yoshi affectionately called Luigi [[Mama Luigi]].
 
===''Super Mario World: Mario & Yoshi's Adventure Land''===
[[File:SMWMAYALLuigi.png|thumb|right|Luigi in ''Super Mario World: Mario & Yoshi's Adventure Land''.]]
Luigi is a main character in the interactive anime OVA ''[[Super Mario World: Mario & Yoshi's Adventure Land]]''. He is part of a group trying to rescue Princess Peach from Bowser. His appearance is notable for being one of the earliest examples of his cowardly personality, depicting him and Yoshi initially being too scared to enter a [[Ghost House]]. He also gets easily angered when Mario triggers an explosion when Luigi is in blasting range, and everyone laughs at him, causing him to adandon the mission. However, he eventually overcomes this through his love for his brother and Princess Peach, and comes to the rescue when Mario is having trouble fighting Bowser.
 
===''Mario Golf'' series===
====''NES Open Tournament Golf''====
Luigi has appeared in every game of the ''Mario Golf'' series. His first appearance was in ''[[NES Open Tournament Golf]]''. In the game, Luigi's caddy was [[Princess Daisy]].
 
====''Mario Golf'' (Nintendo 64)====
{{MGCharinfo
|image=[[File:Luigigolf.jpg|150px]]
|drive=220 yards
|shot=Slight Fade
|description=
|getcharacter=Luigi can be unlocked by beating him in the first "Get Character" challenge.
}}
 
 
Luigi reappeared in ''[[Mario Golf (Nintendo 64)]]''. He was one of the first characters that could be unlocked. He could be unlocked by beating him on the "Get Character Mode". He had a unique course (in the sense that it was the only course in the game set up like a mini-golf course) named [[Luigi's Garden]]. He had a drive of 220 yards and his shot was "Fade".
 
====''Mario Golf'' (Game Boy Color)====
Luigi is a default character in the [[Game Boy Color]] game, ''[[Mario Golf (Game Boy Color)|Mario Golf]]''.
 
====''Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour''====
{{mgtt-infobox
|name=Luigi
|image=[[File:ToadstoolTour Luigi Mug.png]]
|drive=206 yards
|star_drive=240 yards
|trajectory=Fade
|height=Low
|impact=13
|star_impact=10
|control=12
|spin=07
}}
Luigi made his fourth ''Mario Golf'' series appearance in ''[[Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour]]'' as a default character. In the game opening, he and Mario were admiring a trophy when Princess Peach and Princess Daisy called to them saying that it was time to tee off. Luigi, along with his brother and the two princesses, were shown making perfect tees, making [[Wario]] and [[Waluigi]] envious. After a series of mess ups, Wario and Waluigi accidentally hit Bowser in the eye with a result of giving [[Bowser]] a black-eye with their golf ball. Enraged, Bowser started chasing them in his [[Koopa Clown Car]], throwing [[Bob-omb]]s at them. He eventually trapped them, threatening to drop a bomb right on them. Mario, who had Luigi, Daisy, and Peach right behind him, hit the golf ball, making it knock the bomb out of Bowser's hand, ultimately resulting in an explosion claiming Wario, Waluigi, and Bowser as its victims. Luigi, along with the other three who were with him, stood there shocked, not knowing what caused the explosion. In this game he has a fade with low trajectory and can hit 207 yards, 240 when starred.
 
====''Mario Golf: Advance Tour''====
Although Luigi is not a default character, he is unlockable by linking the [[Game Boy Advance]] and the [[Nintendo GameCube]].
====''Mario Golf: World Tour''====
[[File:Luigi Artwork - Mario Golf World Tour.png|110px|right|thumb|Luigi as he appears in ''Mario Golf: World Tour''.]]
Luigi is a default playable character in ''[[Mario Golf: World Tour]]''. Yet again, he has a low shot with a fade. His Star character is unlocked by completing a match  challenge on [[Cheep Cheep Lagoon (golf course)|Cheep Cheep Lagoon]].
 
===Club Nintendo===
Luigi also made several appearances in the [[Club Nintendo]] comic series, usually as a companion of his brother Mario. In the story "[[Super Mario: Im Rausch der Geschwindigkeit]]", however, Luigi worked as a policeman and actually imposed a fine on Mario when the latter was violating the speed limit of [[Brooklyn]] while riding Yoshi. Luigi also insisted on being called "Officer Luigi."
 
===''Super Mario Adventures''===
The ''[[Super Mario Adventures]]'' comic serial's depiction of Luigi, oddly, features him in an opposite portrayal to his personality in the games and cartoons. In the first installment, Luigi wants to eat his lunch first and whines about his hunger as Mario continues with their plumbing job. Later, Luigi is actually willing to go into a Ghost House that Bowser has set as a trap for them, despite Mario's warnings, and then ends up going in when Bowser lets loose the scent of a giant hunk of aged provolone cheese. It is also worth noting is that Luigi disguises himself as Princess Peach to infiltrate the Koopalings' hideout at one point, a strategy he would later use in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''.
 
===''Mario Kart'' series===
[[File:Luigi Artwork - Mario Kart 8.png|thumb|''[[Mario Kart 8]]'']]
Luigi has appeared in every ''Mario Kart'' game to date. Throughout all his appearances, he is classified as a medium weight, making him balanced, but average, in every category, just as Mario. ''[[Super Mario Kart]]'' and currently ''[[Mario Kart 8]]'' are one of the few games in the ''Mario Kart'' series that does not have a course based on Luigi. When Luigi is a computer-controlled character, he has a tendency to use [[Star|star power]] in races. ''[[Mario Kart 64]]'' is the first appearance of his course, [[Luigi Circuit#Mario Kart 64|Luigi Raceway]], which is a part of the [[Mushroom Cup]]. Luigi also has a different set of voices in the Japanese version of the game. Another version of [[Luigi Circuit#Mario Kart: Super Circuit|Luigi's course]] appeared in the ''[[Mario Kart: Super Circuit]]'' as a part of the [[Lightning Cup]].  Notably, in this game, his ''[[Mario Kart 64]]'' Japanese voice) in all versions of the game.
 
Luigi in ''[[Mario Kart: Double Dash!!]]'' has received a special item: the [[Green Fireball]], as well as a personal kart, the [[Green Fire]]. [[Mario]] is his default partner. As in ''Mario Kart 64'', the first course in the game is [[Luigi Circuit#Mario Kart: Double Dash!!|Luigi Circuit]], but Luigi also has a battle course, which is his haunted [[Luigi's Mansion (place)#Mario Kart: Double Dash!!|mansion]]. [[Baby Luigi]] also makes his debut playable appearance in the ''Mario Kart'' series here.
 
Luigi also appeared in the ''Mario Kart'' games for the arcade, ''[[Mario Kart Arcade GP]]'', ''[[Mario Kart Arcade GP 2]]'', and ''[[Mario Kart Arcade GP DX]]''. His and Mario's special character items are the [[Super Star]], [[Fireball]], [[Hammer]], and [[Chain Chomp]]. In ''Mario Kart Arcade GP 2'', his personal kart is a train-like vehicle while in ''Mario Kart Arcade GP DX'', his personal kart is the [[Vacuum Star]]. Luigi has also an alternate color which resembles [[Ice Luigi]]. Unlike most other ''Mario Kart'' games, Luigi does not have a course based on him in the game.
 
Luigi's personal karts ''[[Mario Kart DS]]'' are the [[Poltergust 4000]], the [[Streamliner]], and the [[Standard LG]].  Luigi's karts each offer all-around stats for the speed, acceleration, and handling categories, but with poor drifting abilities. They are the second worst when compared to [[R.O.B.|R.O.B.'s]] karts. His [[Luigi's Mansion (place)#Mario Kart DS|mansion]] reappears as a course in the [[Mushroom Cup]] (different from the ''Mario Kart: Double Dash!!'' battle course), as well as the Luigi Circuits from ''Mario Kart: Super Circuit'', in [[Leaf Cup]], and ''Mario Kart: Double Dash!!'', in [[Shell Cup]].
 
Luigi in ''[[Mario Kart Wii]]'' can use a variety of karts and bikes, although there are no personal karts. The only course based on Luigi in this game is [[Luigi Circuit#Mario Kart Wii|Luigi Circuit]], the first course of the [[Mushroom Cup]]. Luigi has a small speed boost, but his best bonus is the weight stat.
 
In ''[[Mario Kart 7]]'' Luigi is once again a middleweight racer with relatively balanced stats. Two [[Luigi Raceway|Luigi]] [[Luigi's Mansion (course)|themed]] tracks also return as retro tracks.
 
Luigi returns in ''[[Mario Kart 8]]'' as a playable character. He is a middleweight racer, with his stats being relatively balanced.
 
===''Mario is Missing!''===
[[File:Luigi Sprite MiM.gif|frame|]]
In ''[[Mario is Missing!]]'', Mario was kidnapped by Bowser, and it was up to Luigi to find him. During his quest, Luigi learned about geography, battled Bowser's seven children, and got help from [[Yoshi]] while traveling across [[Earth|the real world]] to find Mario. In the end, he saved Mario. Then, the Mario Bros. loaded Bowser into a cannon and fired him into the snow. Bowser froze instantly and split in half. However, this ending only applied to the SNES version of the game. This game marked Luigi's solo-adventure debut and was the only solo adventure for Luigi until 2001 when the game ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' was released marking his second time as a main character in the [[Mario (series)|''Mario'' series]]. The PC sprite of Luigi in ''Mario is Missing!'' (pictured on right), is what inspired the famous internet meme; Weegee.
 
===''Mario & Wario''===
In ''[[Mario & Wario]]'' Luigi appeared as the level's goal and the player had to navigate the level to get to Luigi.
{{sectionstub}}
 
===''Hotel Mario''===
Luigi is one of the main characters in the game ''[[Hotel Mario]]''. Princess Peach was retained as a "permanent guest" by Bowser, who turned the Mushroom Kingdom into his own personal resorts. Eventually, Luigi and Mario destroyed each of the seven Koopaling Hotels. They then defeated Bowser at his own palace and rescued the princess. Luigi was controlled by the second player, his sprite being a palette swap of Mario once again. Despite this, the cutscenes feature Luigi in his unique Super Mario Bros. 2 appearance. This was Luigi's only appearance on the [[Philips CD-i]].
 
===''Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars''===
[[File:SMRPGCL.png|thumb|left|Luigi in the credits.]]
Luigi only made several cameos in ''[[Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars]]''. In [[Star Hill]], Luigi made a wish: he wanted to be a great plumber, just like his brother. In the ending of the game, Luigi was the leader of the parade. Luigi also hosted the manual of ''Super Mario RPG''. A screenshot from a pre-release version of the game showed Luigi (along with Mario and [[Mallow]]) attending a banquet hosted by [[Valentina]], suggesting he might have been playable.
{{br}}
 
===''Yoshi'' series===
{{main|Baby Luigi}}
====''Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island''====
[[File:Marioparents.PNG|thumb|150px|right|The two babies with their family.]]
In the beginning of ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'', [[Baby Mario]] and Baby Luigi are shown being delivered to their [[Mama Mario|mother]] and [[Papa|father's]] home by the [[Stork]]. However, Baby Luigi is snatched away by [[Kamek]] and taken to [[Baby Bowser]]'s [[Bowser's Castle|castle]]. His kidnapping is the primary reason for Baby Mario and the [[Yoshi (species)|Yoshis]] to embark on their adventure in this game. At the end of the game, Baby Luigi is rescued from Baby Bowser. After the credits, he and his brother are brought to their parents, who discover the two on their doorstep.
 
====''Yoshi's Story''====
Luigi made a small cameo in ''[[Yoshi's Story]]'' in the level [[Torrential Maze]] of the second world. His name was printed in the background of the stage.
 
====''Yoshi's Island DS''====
[[File:Starchildren1.PNG|thumb|left|Six of the star children.]]
Baby Luigi appears again in ''[[Yoshi's Island DS]]''. Here, he is one of several babies that are kidnapped by Bowser and Kamek in their search for the [[star children]]. He is eventually rescued by Baby Mario, [[Baby Peach]], [[Baby Donkey Kong]], [[Baby Wario]] and the Yoshis at the end of the game. After his rescue, Baby Luigi is revealed to be one of the star children along with all the other babies.
 
===''Mario Party'' series===
[[File:Mpluigi.png|thumb|right|Luigi in ''Mario Party''.]]
Luigi was a part of the main cast in the ''Mario Party Series'', and has appeared in every game. Along with his brother and everyone else, Luigi wants to become the Superstar. In the earlier ''Mario Party games'', his character color was green, but has been changed to blue in ''[[Mario Party 3]]''. In ''[[Mario Party 2]]'' and ''[[Mario Party 3]]'', his favorite item is the [[Skeleton Key]], and his Duel Mode partner is [[Goomba]]. In ''Mario Party 3'', Luigi is the only character to have a different Star Stamp (five to be exact) and had every single one, except for mischief and beauty. In ''[[Mario Party 7]]'' he shares his Character Orb with Mario, the [[Fireball Orb]]. Luigi's partner in these games is usually his brother, Mario. Whenever Luigi throws an orb, it has Luigi's symbol on it; a green letter L.
 
===''Game & Watch Gallery'' series===
{{multiframe
{{multiframe
|[[File:MarioBros-GWGallery1Fire.png]] [[File:Luigi-GWGallery3MarioBros.png]]<br>[[File:Luigi-GWGallery4Boxing.png]]
|[[File:Luigi Mario Party.png|158px]] [[File:SuperMarioParty Luigi.png|118px]]
|Luigi's different game sprites from the Game & Watch Gallery series.
|Luigi's appearance from the Nintendo 64 era (left) and his current appearance (right)
|size=100
|size=320
|align=right
|align=right
}}
}}
Luigi has appeared in each of the ''Game & Watch Gallery'' titles. His roles have varied from game to game.
Compared to Mario, Luigi is slimmer and taller. A pamphlet for ''[[Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyūshutsu Dai Sakusen!]]'' gives his height and weight as 158 cm (5 ft. 2 in.) and 62 kg (136 lbs.)<ref name=Pamphlet>{{media link|MarioBrosMovieHeightChart.jpg|''Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyūshutsu Dai Sakusen!'' pamphlet}}</ref> The Miis in Wii U version of ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games]]'' describe Luigi's mustache as "smooth", unlike Mario's "lumpy" mustache. Luigi's sideburn is also different, being a simple round shape while Mario's has an indentation, and his eyes are thinner than Mario's.


In ''[[Game & Watch Gallery]]'' game ''[[Fire (Game & Watch)|Fire]]'', Luigi assists Mario in trying to save passengers who are escaping from the top of a burning castle. In ''[[Oil Panic]]'', Luigi will normally be sleeping. However, if Mario spills any oil on him, he'll wake up, get mad and the player will get a miss.
Luigi also wears clothes similar to Mario, but his shirt and cap are green instead of red. Layered over the shirt is blue overalls, which, starting with ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'', are a darker blue than Mario's. He also has brown work shoes, again darker than Mario's, with tan bottoms that reach above his ankles. He wears white gloves like Mario. Artwork however sometimes shows Luigi with the same color of blue overalls and brown shoes as Mario. The [[Luigi Cap]] is similar to the [[Mario Cap]], being green instead of red and having an "L" replace Mario's signature "M"; the "''L''" was in italic from ''[[Mario Kart 64]]'' to ''Luigi's Mansion'' for a few years. In some games, Luigi's cap does play some significance, such as in ''[[Super Mario 64 DS]]'', where just like Mario's and Wario's caps, it can be stolen by [[Klepto]] and cause him to take extra damage so long as he is not wearing it. However, this does not occur in other games, such as ''[[Super Mario 3D Land]]'' and ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' after collecting the maximum number of lives.


''[[Game & Watch Gallery 2]]'', Luigi appears in ''[[Chef (Game & Watch)|Chef]]'' as one of the cooks who will deliver food to Princess Peach.
The [[Mario & Luigi (series)|''Mario & Luigi'' series]] up until ''[[Mario & Luigi: Dream Team|Dream Team]]'' consistently depicted Luigi with overalls short enough to reveal his red-and-white striped socks, though the [[Nintendo 3DS]] remake ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey]]'' still shows these socks when his shoe falls off at the beginning of the game. Additionally, the green coloring on his clothing had more of a turquoise/teal color scheme.


In ''[[Game & Watch Gallery 3]]'', Luigi appears in ''[[Mario Bros. (Game & Watch)|Mario Bros.]]'', where he assists Mario in moving cakes onto a truck.
Mario and Luigi's color preferences are reflected throughout the land in the form of various enemies, such as [[Koopa Troopa]]s and [[Cheep Cheep]]s, who also come in red and green varieties. These foes even reflect the brothers' personalities, with red ones being more aggressive and green ones acting cautious. In fact, Mario and Luigi are not the only known red and green brothers, with similarly color-coded siblings including [[Cork and Cask]], the [[Red (Super Paper Mario)|Red]] and [[Green]] bridge guards, the [[Armored Harriers]], Massif Bros., [[Elder Shrooboid|Elder]] & [[Junior Shrooboid]] and [[Jellyfish Sisters|Gigi]] and [[Jellyfish Sisters|Merri]]. When [[Tattle|tattling]] the younger of the Armored Harriers, [[Goombella]] theorizes that it may be some sort of rule that younger brothers must wear green, offering a possible explanation for Luigi's trademark green shirt and cap.


In ''[[Game & Watch Gallery 4]]'', Luigi maintains his roles in ''Chef'' and ''Mario Bros.'', but he also appeared in ''[[Rain Shower]]'' and ''[[Boxing]]''. In ''Rain Shower'', one of the characters that Mario has to keep dry is Luigi himself. In ''Boxing'', Luigi has to face a [[Wiggler]], a [[Boo]], and [[Waluigi]] in a set of three different boxing matches.
[[File:Luigi MLPiT.png|100px|thumb|left|Luigi's shorter overalls in the [[Mario & Luigi (series)|''Mario & Luigi'']] series showing his red/white socks]]
However, Luigi has not always chosen to wear his usual green and blue clothes. ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]'' originally dressed Luigi in a black shirt and green overalls, although artwork showed his shirt to be red. Shigeru Miyamoto stated that the green color of clothing for Luigi was inspired by the enemy [[Shellcreeper]].<ref>[http://multiplayerblog.mtv.com/2013/03/11/luigi-101-with-shigeru-miyamoto-origins-importance-and-his-role-in-new-super-luigi-u/]</ref> ''[[Wrecking Crew]]'' gave him a magenta pair of overalls and helmet, seemingly leaving him shirtless. Even ''Super Mario Bros.'' gave its Luigi a green shirt and white overalls (although ''[[Super Mario Bros. Deluxe]]'' replaced this with a less aberrant brown shirt and green overalls, leaving his original colors to Fire Luigi, who usually has an inverse scheme), even though his usual palette and appearance had emerged in artwork. Fire Luigi's palette in ''Super Mario Bros.'' uses the color scheme used by [[Fire Mario]]. In both ''[[Super Mario Adventures]]'' and ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]'', Luigi wears Princess Peach's dress as a disguise.


===''WarioWare'' series===
Luigi originated as being a {{wp|palette swap}} of Mario in his earlier adventures. This applies to ''Mario Bros.'', ''Wrecking Crew'', ''Super Mario Bros.'', ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', ''[[Super Mario World]]'', ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'', and in a few versions of ''[[Mario is Missing!]]''. Luigi's first depiction as taller and thinner is in ''[[Famicom Grand Prix II: 3D Hot Rally]]'', although Luigi's first unique sprites came in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', in which his artwork appearance conveniently coincided with the tall [[Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic#Characters (and their Mario counterparts)|Mama]]'s sprite. Nintendo of Japan would not adapt Luigi's artwork differences to his in-game sprite until ''[[Super Mario Kart]]'', although Luigi's various models have been unique almost ever since, even in remakes of games where he was originally a palette swap (such as ''[[Super Mario All-Stars]]'', ''[[Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World]]'', ''[[Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2]]'', and ''[[Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3]]''). However, Luigi's appearance in ''[[Super Mario Maker 2]]''{{'}}s ''Super Mario Bros.'' and ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' styles revert to depicting him as a palette swap of Mario - most likely in order to be faithful to his original designs - though in the ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' style, his color scheme is a darker shade of green; on an interesting note, his fire form's colors in both styles are reimagined. In the game's ''Super Mario World '' style, Luigi's unique head shape from ''Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World'' is retained, though his body shape and his animations revert to those in ''Super Mario World''.
[[File:Super Mario Bros. 3-Lift.PNG|thumb|left|200px|Luigi's appearance in Super Mario Bros. 3-Lift, ''WarioWare: Twisted!''.]]
Luigi rarely appears in the ''[[WarioWare]]'' series. In ''[[WarioWare, Inc.: Mega Microgame$!]]'', Luigi (or a look-alike) appears as the bullfighter in [[Raging Rhino]].


In ''[[WarioWare: Twisted!]]'', the plumber appears again alongside his brother in [[Super Mario Bros. 3-Lift]], where the objective is to avoid being hit by any of the obstacles, and in [[Mario Brothers (WarioWare: Twisted!)|Mario Brothers]], though they don't have an important role in the microgame, except that the player must avoid all of the enemies.
Both Mario and Luigi have been described as "cutesy," to the extent that Shigeru Miyamoto considered redesigning them to "become a bit more grown-up" in the [[Nintendo GameCube|GameCube]] era—for instance, by removing their trademark {{wp|V sign}}.<ref>[http://cube.ign.com/articles/069/069250p1.html IGN] (Accessed on 7-6-09)</ref> However, aside from growing more realistic as graphics have advanced, Luigi and his brother have changed little over the years, and continue to flash the V sign, albeit to a much lesser extent.


In ''[[WarioWare: Touched!]]'', Luigi appears alone in the third level of microgame [[Spin a Yarn]]. However, he looks thinner than usual.
Luigi's appearance does, however, tend to lend itself to heavy stylization. The ''Luigi's Mansion'' graphical team took it upon themselves to animate every part of Luigi to convey emotion,<ref>[http://www.n-sider.com/contentview.php?contentid=261 N-Sider] (Accessed on 6-28-09)</ref> resulting in such exaggerations to his body as head-expanding screams during boss cutscenes and complete flattenings by fake doors. The [[Super Smash Bros. (series)|''Super Smash Bros.'' series]] applies Luigi's cowardice to his actions, making most of his attacks look reckless and unwilling and giving him awkward movements, securing his official title as the series' "dreamy, comical poster boy."<ref name="smash">[http://www.smashbros.com/wii/en_us/characters/hidden03.html Smash Bros. DOJO!!] (Accessed on 6-28-09)</ref>


In ''[[WarioWare: Smooth Moves]]'', Luigi is one of the main instrumentalists and plays the violin in [[9-Volt]]'s game [[Opening Night]].
In ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Movie]]'', Luigi's appearance receives a few changes. He has more detail on his clothing and hair, and his head is more realistic. In addition, his overall buttons are smaller, similar to Mario.
{{br}}


===''Super Smash Bros.'' series===
Luigi's appearance has changed quite a bit throughout the ''Super Smash Bros.'' series. In the original ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'', Luigi's overalls are indigo, with his entire appearance being original. In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'', Luigi borrows his appearance from Nintendo 64-era artwork, right down to having a tan complexion; Luigi's overalls are now their standard navy blue color, though they receive denim textures and back pockets. In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'', Luigi uses his contemporary look, though his overalls have further pronounced textures, while his hair and other clothing receive simple detailing. In ''[[Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U]]'', Luigi's model is sleeker and more vibrant, while his hair and clothing lose most of their detailing. In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]'', Luigi receives simple detailing in his hair and clothing once again, albeit not to the same extent as in ''Super Smash Bros. Brawl''.
{{SSB Infobox
|color=green
|emblem=Mario Emblem.png
|image=Luigi SSBU.png
|games=''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' (unlockable)<br>''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'' (unlockable)<br>''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'' (unlockable)<br>''[[Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U|Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS]]''<br>''[[Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U|Super Smash Bros. for Wii U]]''
|standard=[[Green Fireball|Fireball]]
|side=[[Green Missile]] ''(SSBM)'', ''(SSBB)'', ''(SSB4)''
|up=[[Super Jump Punch]]
|down=[[Luigi Cyclone]]
|final=[[Negative Zone]] ''(SSBB)'', [[Poltergust 5000]] ''(SSB4)''
|entrance=Luigi pops out of a [[Warp Pipe]]. In ''Super Smash Bros. Brawl'', he comes out while putting his arms on the sides of his face while making a scared face and says "Let's a go" in a rather tired voice. ''(SSB)'', ''(SSBB)'', ''(SSB4)''
}}
Luigi is a secret (unlockable) character in the fighting game ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' for the Nintendo 64. He is unlocked by beating Bonus stages as all eight of the default characters, and then beating him in a fight. Despite being unlockable, he always fights alongside Mario in Stage 4 of 1-P Mode. He briefly appears (alongside all unlockable characters) in the opening. He also makes a brief appearance in the How to Play tutorial.


Luigi also appears as a secret character in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'', the sequel for ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]''. To unlock him, one has to play the first level of Adventure Mode with a 2 in the "seconds" area of the remaining time. If done correctly, there will be a short cutscene with Luigi kicking Mario off the stage. The players then have to battle Luigi in Mario's place. If Luigi is beaten in less than a minute, Luigi will appear again to challenge the player if the player completed Adventure mode. Alternatively, the player can participate in 800 vs. matches. The winner of the 800th match will be challenged to a fight as above.
Luigi has a total of eight selectable costumes to date in the ''Super Smash Bros.'' series, with 4 in ''Super Smash Bros.'' and ''Super Smash Bros. Melee'', 6 in ''Super Smash Bros. Brawl'', and 8 in ''Super Smash Bros. for 3DS'' / ''Wii U'' and ''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate''. In ''Smash 64'' and ''Melee'', Luigi had his first three costumes introduced; the first costume consists of green overalls and a white undershirt and cap, which are derived from Fire Luigi's colors; the second costume consists of blue overalls and a cyan undershirt and cap, resembling Mario's appearance on the American boxart for ''Mario Bros.''; lastly, Luigi's third alternate costume consists of red overalls and a pink undershirt and cap, resembling his appearance in ''Wrecking Crew''. In ''Brawl'', Luigi's fourth and fifth alternate costumes were introduced: the former consists of blue overalls and an orange undershirt and cap, resembling Mario's appearance on the boxart for ''[[Pinball]]''; the latter consists of dark indigo overalls and a purple undershirt and cap, based off of Waluigi's colors. In ''3DS'' / ''Wii U'', Luigi's sixth and seventh alternate costumes are introduced: the former consists of blue overalls, a dark blue cap, and a garbage green undershirt; the latter consists of teal overalls, and a dull yellow undershirt and cap; neither of these costumes have inspirations.


In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'', Luigi appears as an unlockable character once more. To unlock him, the players have to play 22 brawls, complete Classic mode without using continues, or simply get him to join the players' party in The Subspace Emissary. Luigi's white color scheme in ''Super Smash Bros. Melee'' and ''Super Smash Bros. Brawl'' resembles Luigi's colors in ''Super Mario Bros.'' and his fire power form. He has rather strong and fast attacks and he is middleweight. However, he has the lowest traction and very slow movement in both air and ground. He also seems to be more prone to tripping than all the other fighters in ''Super Smash Bros. Brawl''.
In ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020]]'', Luigi wears different outfits depending on the sport or activity being played. He can wear a green tank top with white stripes, which, depending on the event, may also have short sleeves, with black shorts, white socks, and green sneakers that are the same ones he wore in ''[[Mario Tennis Aces]]''; a green, white, and black wetsuit while barefooted; a karate gi; black swimming trunks with a green stripe while shirtless; or, in certain events, his normal outfit.
 
Luigi appears as a playable character in ''[[Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U]]'' and for the first time in the series, he is a default character. His moveset is to be the same as in the previous titles, with the exception of his Final Smash, which now makes use of the [[Poltergust 5000]].<ref>https://miiverse.nintendo.net/posts/AYMHAAACAADMUKlpzooN0A</ref>
 
Luigi's special moves are [[Green Fireball|Fireball]], a green fireball that is not affected by gravity, [[Green Missile]], a chargeable move that fires him like a rocket, [[Super Jump Punch]], which has him jump and may deal high knockback if he's adjacent to his opponents, [[Luigi Cyclone]], which has him spin around and damage nearby opponents. His [[Final Smash]] is [[Negative Zone]], a giant circle that can cause a variety of effects on opponents (in ''Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U'', it was replaced by the [[Poltergust 5000]], a invention that sucks up nearby opponents and items).
 
In ''Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U'', Luigi can use equipment to boost his stats at the cost of others. In addition to generic badges, Luigi, like Mario can wear certain additional equipment such as shoes (speed), overalls (defense), and gloves (attack). Finally, Luigi can use alternate special moves, which function differently than the base moves.
 
In ''Super Smash Bros.'' and ''Super Smash Bros. Melee'', Luigi's voice is just a high pitched variation of Mario's voice. In ''Super Smash Bros. Brawl'' though, his voice sounds just like his basic voice in many ''Mario'' series titles.
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====Role in the [[Super Smash Bros. Brawl#Story|Subspace Emissary]]====
===Personality===
[[File:SubspaceIntro-Luigi.png|left|thumb|200px|Luigi's snapshot in The Subspace Emissary.]]
[[File:Lmdmoffart5.jpg|thumb|upright=0.85|Luigi has a cowardly personality, but can be brave when prompted.]]
Luigi first appears where he pretends to threaten and attack on-coming [[Waddle Dee]]s. They were harmless and made no move to attack him, but he was frightened by them, nonetheless. From behind, he gets attacked by [[King Dedede]], who slammed Luigi with his mallet, sending him flying into the air. After he comes back down, he becomes a [[trophy]]. King Dedede placed him on the road as bait for [[Wario]], who was coming down the road. Wario took the bait, and King Dedede managed to steal the princess and [[Ness]] trophies, along with Wario's Cargo.
Luigi is portrayed as a frail, clumsy, self-conscious, and timid person who is most afraid of ghosts, but is kind-hearted and heroic. He overcomes his fears and acts like a hero when necessary, such as when someone or his homeland is in danger or needs help. In keeping with his personality-based [[Power Flower (Super Mario 64 DS)|Power Flower]], a sign in [[Big Boo's Haunt]] in ''Super Mario 64 DS'' describes Luigi as "wispy." In several ''Super Mario'' sports titles, the ''Mario Kart'' series, and especially the [[Mario & Luigi (series)|''Mario & Luigi'']] series, Luigi is shown to get emotional at times, as he cries easily. Though he showed several instances of cowardice in early non-game media such as ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]'', ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' exemplifies his skittishness (aside from a few hints in ''Paper Mario'') and has carried over to almost all of Luigi's subsequent appearances.
 
[[File:LuigiNessBadges.png|thumb|200px|right|Luigi and [[Ness]] get revived by [[King Dedede]]'s badges.]]
Dedede places a special badge on Luigi, Ness, and the princess, though the princess's badge later gets knocked off when Bowser flew off with the princess in his [[Koopa Clown Car]], and is later swallowed by [[Kirby]]. Later, when [[Tabuu]] transforms everybody into trophies, the badges, which were timer-based revival tools, turn Luigi and Ness back into living beings. Luigi and Ness afterward turn King Dedede back to life. The unlikely trio set off to help out [[Mario]], [[Donkey Kong]], [[Samus Aran|Samus]], [[Fox McCloud|Fox]], [[Pikachu]], [[Captain Falcon]], [[Marth]], [[Mr. Game & Watch]], [[Falco Lombardi]], [[Pit]], [[Captain Olimar]], [[Lucas]], [[Diddy Kong]], the [[Pokémon Trainer]], and [[Ike]]. Luigi, along with Ness, then watch King Dedede battle [[Bowser]], and later help him convince Wario to join them. After they turn the trophies back to normal, they all face off against Tabuu.
<br clear=all>


===''Mario Tennis'' series===
A few ''Paper Mario'' games portray a bolder Luigi. In ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', he is more arrogant and boastful while telling long and elaborate stories, which Mario and his partner fall asleep to; his partners claim his stories are heavily embellished. [[Super Luigi (series)|The novelizations]] of his escapades describe them with even more flowery exaggerations, stating for instance that he played an earth spirit in the [[List of implied locations#Jazzafrazz Town|Jazzafrazz Town]] Drama Slam (whereas, according to [[Hayzee]], he played grass on the side of the road,) and that he awoke [[Cranberry]] with "a soft call" (which his partners claim is instead a sneeze).
[[File:Luigi and Mario (trophy cutscene) - Mario Power Tennis.png|thumb|200px|left|'''Luigi''' wins the Thunder Cup in ''Mario Power Tennis''.]]
Luigi also appeared as a regular occurring character in the ''Mario Tennis'' cast. Luigi was an All-around tennis player like his brother, although he had better control and net play. Luigi also gained a rival by the name of [[Waluigi]] in ''[[Mario Tennis (Nintendo 64)|Mario Tennis]]''. In ''[[Mario Power Tennis]]'', Luigi's Mansion appeared as a court. Luigi's Offensive Power shot was the [[Squeaky Mallet]], and his Defensive Power Shot was the [[Poltergust Return]]. In the cut scenes of ''Mario Power Tennis'', Luigi usually appeared playing alongside with his brother, Mario, on the court. A specific cutscene with Mario and Luigi played when Luigi wins a championship. Luigi wove around his trophy and Mario walks up, congratulates him (slapping him on the back and saying things like "Good Job"), meanwhile stepping on his foot. Luigi's [[taunt]] in ''Mario Power Tennis'' was to wave his arms and says "Luigi Time!", he does the same in ''Mario Tennis Open''. In ''Mario Power Tennis'', Luigi finds what's under a [[Shy Guy]]'s mask in Shy Guy's ending cutscene. In ''[[Mario Tennis Open]]'', Luigi returns as an All-Around character.


===''Paper Mario'' series===
Another recurring element of Luigi's personality is his apparent complex of being overlooked compared to Mario. Although his Superstar status has earned him many fans, including [[Luigi Fan Club|an entire fan club]] led by [[Toadia]] and multiple supporting [[Toad (species)|Toads]] (one of which claims to be his biggest fan in ''Super Mario 64 DS''), even Bowser and the [[Koopa Troop]] have occasional trouble with remembering his name (as seen in ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga''), and he appears to be almost unknown in the [[Beanbean Kingdom]]. Although Luigi's biggest reactions to his frequent overlookings in the ''Mario & Luigi'' series are a few "…"s and face-faults, his inattention was played up for comic relief in ''Paper Mario'', where he complains about being left behind and perpetually trains for that [[Luigi's Mansion|elusive next adventure]]. Luigi's bio in ''[[Mario Party 5]]'' states that he has been gaining popularity in recent years.
====''Paper Mario''====
[[File:luigi parade.png|frame|right|Luigi dressed up to lead the parade at the end of ''Paper Mario''.]]
During the events of ''[[Paper Mario]]'', Luigi was left to protect and maintain [[Mario's House|his home]] while his [[Mario|brother]] pursued the [[Star Spirits]]. Luigi spent most of his time lamenting his own inactivity, begging for Mario to take him along and practice for future quests. With all his downtime, Luigi also built a basement in which he kept [[Luigi's Diary|a secret diary]] where he wrote about various things, such as how he disliked being left out of adventures with his brother. One notable entry in his diary had him dreaming about starring in his own game, foreshadowing his next solo quest, ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]''. After Mario gets the [[Ultra Hammer]] and [[Ultra Boots]], Luigi could be found outside, sitting on a [[Metal Block]] or very high [[Brick Block]] respectively. Mario could use his new moves to break the blocks, triggering some humorous dialogue. He also led the parade in the end credits, much like in ''Super Mario RPG''. Also notable is that a [[Duplighost]] tries to turn himself into [[Kooper]], but instead manages to turn himself into Luigi.


;Tattle information
Luigi's state of being in the shadow of his brother shows strongly in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]''. For instance, the North American version of the game implies that his Final Smash in that game, Negative Zone, seemed to have developed because of living in his brother's shadow and represents his negative feelings about being overshadowed by him for this long and the darkest thoughts that developed with time. Despite this, however, the Negative Zone would later be replaced, and [[Masahiro Sakurai]] did not intend to play up Luigi's overshadowed status, instead aiming to make him "everyone's favorite man in green."<ref name="smash"/> Luigi's state in the shadow of Mario is present in other ''[[Super Smash Bros. (series)|Super Smash Bros.]]'' games, since the original ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' addresses him as the "eternal understudy" when he is unlocked; ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'' also refers to him in a similar manner, and his cinematic in the game's Adventure Mode shows him [[smashwiki:Footstool Jump|Footstool Jump]]ing on Mario, signifying his jealousy of his brother. In ''[[Super Smash Bros. for Wii U]]'', whenever a Palutena's Guidance conversation is activated when fighting against Luigi, Viridi and [[Palutena]] are quick to point out Luigi's status as "number two" in relativity to Mario, even though [[Pit]] held him in a higher regard. Despite the fact that he is not seen with the same regard as Mario, Luigi is very loyal to him, and his love for his brother pushes him to help him when he's in danger regardless of his fears, including defeating his nemesis, [[King Boo]], multiple times to save Mario.
''He's Luigi. I don't have to say anything about him, do I? He's your brother!''


====''Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door''====
The ''Super Smash Bros.'' series also portrays Luigi more of a coward and buffoon than in his home series, including his awkward attack animations, and in a cutscene in [[smashwiki:The Subspace Emissary|The Subspace Emissary]], he acts afraid of [[wikirby:Waddle Dee|Waddle Dees]], which are normally harmless.
[[File:PaperLuigi2.png|thumb|x120px|left|Luigi, telling [[Mario]] his first story.]]
While Mario saved Princess Peach and collected the [[Crystal Stars]] in ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', Luigi also had a mission of his own. After every chapter in the game, Mario could hear Luigi's story in [[Rogueport]]. When telling Mario the story, Luigi constantly exaggerated to make the story better and to make himself sound much more heroic; Luigi's [[partner]]s, who generally hated him and only traveled with him because Luigi owed them a debt, almost always secretly told Mario what really happened. Later, Luigi got interviewed and five ''[[Super Luigi series|Super Luigi]]'' books were sold. Luigi's adventure involved rescuing [[List of Implied Characters#Princess Eclair|Princess Eclair]] of the [[Waffle Kingdom]] from the [[List of Implied Characters#Chestnut King|Chestnut King]]. Luigi's story sounded extremely similar to Mario's in most aspects. He usually messed up during his adventure, such as accidentally knocking his partner [[Blooey]] the [[Blooper]] into the [[lava]].


He also appeared in the audience when in battle. He cheered Mario on during the final battle with the [[Shadow Queen]]; one of the word bubbles in that battle reads "YOU GO, BRO!" in green letters. He also appears in [[Glitzville]] when Mario is fighting some wrestlers, like [[Rawk Hawk]]. [[Luigi Fan Club|His fan club]], whose members include [[Toadia]], a Toad from Poshley Heights, was also given two mentions in the game. The "L Emblem" Badge changed Mario's clothes to Luigi's. The log for the enemy [[Iron Cleft]] states that the Cleft in the green shoes was younger, probably a reference to Luigi. [[Pennington]] constantly mistook Mario for Luigi until almost the very end of the game. Lastly, it is worthy of note that Luigi's silhouette was the first of the many white character silhouettes who walked across varying areas of the screen during the game's ending credits, continuing Luigi's past RPG roles as a parade leader.
In ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]'', the [[Star Temple gate]] (which supposedly knows all) passes Luigi as "unworthy" to enter. It also mentions that Luigi did something either embarrassing or foolish which he has kept a secret ever since. However, in an interview with a localizer [[Nate Bihldorff]], he stated that Luigi had no dark secret, and it was actually a reference to Luigi's constantly living in the shadow of his brother. "''The point of the scene''," Bihldorff said, "''was to build Luigi up 'as a guy who was always living in the shadow of his older brother and that he needs to break out of that mold sometimes. But the way the text was originally phrased, it definitely made him sound like he had some deep dark secret that was awful. I think the powers that be were looking at it like, 'We don't want to paint Luigi as a bad guy here.{{'}}{{'}}''"<ref>Totilo, S. (December 1, 2005). "[https://www.mtv.com/news/1517252/gamers-wonder-if-nintendo-will-serve-more-mustard-of-doom/ Gamers Wonder if Nintendo Will Serve More Mustard of Doom]". ''MTV''. Accessed July 16, 2022.</ref> Even the game itself makes a straightforward point that Luigi has a large heart, as proven when he hits the [[Aurora Block]] and it grows to a gigantic size, flattening him.


;Tattle information
In ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'', when analyzing objects with the [[Game Boy Horror]], Luigi is shown to be concerned about cleanliness, often complaining about the abundance of dust and moth holes in the mansion and saying that it would never pass the white glove test. He also hates animal cruelty and when animals are skinned as hunting trophies, reacting in horror and disgust to the embalmed animal heads and animal pelts scattered in the [[Safari Room]]. It is also shown that Mario and Luigi wash their hats differently: Luigi washes his hat by hand and disapproves of Mario washing his in a washing machine, thinking that it is a waste. He is also refined and enjoys art, which is also shown in ''[[Mario Superstar Baseball]]'' and ''[[Mario Super Sluggers]]'', where some of his possible teams' names are the Luigi Gentlemen in the former and the Luigi Knights in the latter.
''Who's this guy? ...Come on, you really need to ask me that? Gimme a break! That's your brother, Luigi! But...I wonder why he's here? I'm sure he'll tell you if you ask him.''


====''Super Paper Mario''====
He is also shown at times to be clumsy. Luigi often trades his jumping skills with slippery traction. He is also accident-prone as evidenced in the ''Mario & Luigi'' games and in the ending of ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', where he accidentally locked himself out of the hot air balloon that Peach and Mario were on while waving goodbye to the Toads, and also ended up collapsing while trying to enter the hot air balloon, due to it having flown off. Several key art and cutscenes show Luigi being involved in accidents or misfortune such as his [[:File:MKDS Mario Peach Luigi and Blooper Artwork.png|getting inked by a Blooper]] in ''Mario Kart DS'', [[:File:Luigi MSS.jpg|dropping baseballs]] in ''Mario Super Sluggers'', [[:File:Nintendo Tokyo Mario character merch art.png|getting hit by a Spiny]] in promotional art, and [[:File:Super Nintendo World Bag Art.jpg|getting attacked by a Piranha Plant]] in key art for [[Super Nintendo World]]. Luigi's clumsiness also helped set the entire plot of ''[[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam]]'' in motion when he accidentally bumps into a bookshelf after he gets startled from a Scaredy-Rat. In ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', he accidentally bumps one of his partners, [[Blooey]] the [[Blooper]], into a volcano while trying to stop evil, burning him to a golden crisp. His clumsiness is particularly emphasized in ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]'', which director Bryce Holliday stated was drawn from the 1990 British comedy series ''{{wp|Mr. Bean}}''.<ref>Lien, Tracy (March 15, 2013). [https://www.polygon.com/2013/3/15/4110408/luigis-mansion-dark-moon-wont-just-rely-on-nostalgia-to-win-players Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon won't just rely on nostalgia to win players, developers say]. ''Polygon''. Retrieved October 27, 2023.</ref> In contrast, Luigi can be very agile and can do many stunts Mario can not, often jumping higher than Mario and perform special jumping-related abilities such as scuttling.
[[File:Mr L Render.png|thumb|140px|right|Luigi's brainwashed thief-like and evil alter-ego, [[Mr. L]].]]


{{main|Mr. L}}
Luigi's neutral focused expression in ''[[Mario Kart 8]]'', read as sneering by internet onlookers, has given rise to an {{wp|Internet meme}} in which Luigi is depicted as sour and relentless, seemingly rejoicing when his opponents are sabotaged during races.<ref>CZbwoi (June 1, 2014). [https://youtu.be/PpxDuNFBVj8 Luigi Ridin' Dirty - Death Stare in Mario Kart 8]. ''YouTube''. Retrieved May 14, 2023.</ref> Dubbed "<span class="plainlinks">[http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/luigis-death-stare Luigi's Death Stare]</span>", the meme [[List of references on the Internet#Luigi's Death Stare|has been acknowledged and embraced by Nintendo]] as a facet of his character: in one instance, a screenshot of ''[[Mario Kart 8 Deluxe]]'' showing Luigi being pursued by a [[Red Shell]] is humorously described by Nintendo Australia and New Zealand as "{{wp|Irresistible force paradox|Unstoppable force meets immovable object.}}"<ref>NintendoAUNZ (May 9, 2017). [https://twitter.com/NintendoAUNZ/status/861807979821232128 Unstoppable force meets immovable object. #MarioKart]. ''Twitter''. Retrieved May 14, 2023. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20200518232540/https://twitter.com/NintendoAUNZ/status/861807979821232128 Archived] May 18, 2020, 23:25:40 UTC via Wayback Machine.)</ref><ref>NintendoAUNZ (May 9, 2017). [https://www.facebook.com/NintendoAUNZ/photos/819423471548121 Unstoppable force meets immovable object.] ''Facebook''. Retrieved May 14, 2023.</ref>
In the game ''[[Super Paper Mario]]'', Luigi plays a much bigger role than he did in the previous ''Paper Mario'' games. He is noticeably braver here, rushing in to save Princess Peach, jumping on Bowser, and calling [[Count Bleck]] a goon. His special move is a jump that is so powerful it sent him out of the screen. He is a playable character and the last character to join Mario's party.


At the beginning of the game, Luigi is unconscious and at the location of Peach and Bowser's forced marriage. Luigi then wakes up and tries to stop the wedding, but fails. He is then rendered unconscious until the end of Chapter 2, where a pair of Goombas witness his awakening. Luigi wishes to try and save the princess again, but the Goombas convince him to help them escape. They head off, but are stopped by a dead end. As they try to think of what to do next, [[Nastasia]] appears and hypnotizes one of the Goombas. Trapped by her and a group of Koopa Troop-turned-Bleck minions, the other Goomba simply surrenders to her and willingly joins Bleck's forces. Nastasia then orders the minions to hold him in place as she brainwashes him. It is due to this that Luigi became [[Mr. L]], also known as "The Green Thunder".
===Speech===
Luigi's voice is thinner, deeper and more nasal than Mario's, with a thick Italian accent. When he talks, he often awkwardly and nervously stammers, indicating timidity and a lack of confidence, such as during his recording to promote Year of Luigi.<ref>NintendoEverything. (August 22, 2013). "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijgUasX_YmA Audio recording from Luigi]". ''YouTube''. Accessed October 30, 2022.</ref> Like Mario, he often refers to himself in the third person. According to [[Charles Martinet]], who voiced Luigi from ''[[Mario Kart 64]]'' to ''[[Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope]]'', the character's voice originated from requests from audiences to speak to him during [[Mario in Real Time]] events. Because Luigi did not have a rigged model for the attraction, Martinet devised a voice that he could perform while keeping his face as still as possible (and thus not activating the motion-capture technology used to animate Mario), giving the illusion that Luigi was communicating from offscreen.<ref>psnmermaid925 (February 8, 2014). [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UReCxGzQRvw luigi]. YouTube. Retrieved February 6, 2024.</ref>


Before Mario could get his hands on the fifth [[Pure Heart]], Mr. L made his dramatic appearance in the [[Whoa Zone]]. Mario and his team didn't recognize that Mr. L was really Luigi. He attacked with a super jump and could use [[Shroom Shake]]s during battle. To stop him from using the Shroom Shake, the player could attack him before it heals him, or steal it for themselves with [[Thoreau]]. When he was bested in combat, he revealed his trusted giant-robot "brother", [[Brobot]], with which he attacked Mario in space. When he was defeated, he vowed to return. Later, at Count Bleck's lair, Mr. L did not seem to be pleased with Bleck's minions, going so far as to call them "junior" minions and calling them weak.
Early on in ''Super Mario'' history, Luigi did not have any voice acting, due to technical limitations on the [[Nintendo Entertainment System|NES]] and [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]]. Luigi also didn't receive text dialogue, making him silent like his brother. However, Luigi received voice acting in the 1986 ''Super Mario'' anime film, as well as the ''Amada Anime Mario Series'' (1987-1989), though he exclusively speaks in Japanese. Luigi first spoke English in ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'', where he spoke with a Brooklyn accent, provided by [[Danny Wells]]; Luigi later spoke with the same accent in future DIC Entertainment cartoons, though he is portrayed by [[Tony Rosato]], who provides a higher, yet raspier voice than Wells. Luigi also spoke with this accent in the PC and CD-ROM versions of ''Mario is Missing!'', making this the first game to give him voice acting. Four years later in ''Mario Kart 64'', Luigi received two voice actors: Charles Martinet in overseas versions, and [[Julien Bardakoff]] in the Japanese version. The former provides him with a soft voice and strong Italian accent, while the latter provides him with a higher-pitched, less evident accent. Julien Bardakoff reprises his role as Luigi in ''Mario Party'', ''Mario Party 2'', and ''Mario Kart: Super Circuit''. In most games, Charles Martinet voices Luigi, and had portrayed him until his shift to [[Mario Ambassador]] in 2023. In more recent games like ''[[Luigi's Mansion 3]]'' and ''[[Mario Kart Tour]]'', his voice has become raspier, deeper and even more nasal due to Martinet aging.


He returned as a boss in Chapter 6, after [[Sammer's Kingdom]] was destroyed. Here, he fought with [[Brobot L-type]]. After being defeated, [[Dimentio]] betrayed him and sent him to [[The Underwhere]]. He lost all memory of his having been Mr. L and returned to his normal state. Mario found him scared in The Underwhere (Chapter 7) , and the two soon regrouped with the other playable characters ([[Bowser]] and [[Princess Peach]]) as well.
However, Martinet's portrayal of Luigi has varied. Despite having a unique voice since ''Mario Kart 64'', the first two ''Super Smash Bros.'' games have Luigi use higher-pitched versions of Mario's voice clips, with his clip for using [[Luigi Cyclone]] being directly taken from the latter. ''Luigi's Mansion'' retains his unique voice, though it sounds higher in pitch, and somewhat akin to Mario's. However, all future installments, including recent ''Super Smash Bros.'' games, give him his distinct voice that is lower in pitch than Mario's (though like him, he has a considerably deeper voice in contemporary ''Super Smash Bros.'' games).  


[[File:Paper Luigi.png|left|thumb|160px|right|The actual Luigi's appearance in ''Super Paper Mario''.]]
In most modern ''Super Mario'' games, Luigi speaks via catchphrases such as "Ho-ho!", "Let's-a go!", "Yahoo!", "Oh yeah!", and "Mamma mia!", as well as "It's-a me, Luigi!", a variation of Mario's famous quote. In the ''Paper Mario'' series, Luigi is mostly silent aside from the odd grunt, though he receives text dialogue to represent what he is saying; in the first three games, Luigi speaks English without an accent, though ''Paper Mario: Color Splash'' gives him an Italian accent while speaking. In the ''Mario & Luigi'' series, Luigi speaks through unintelligible gibberish that only in-game characters can understand.
Eventually, Luigi faced [[Dimentio]] in [[Castle Bleck]] alone, not even with a single [[Pixl]] by his side. He managed to defeat Dimentio, but gets knocked out by Dimentio's fake suicidal attack. Peach found and awakened him, and they and Bowser later rejoined Mario, and their combined strength allowed them to defeat Count Bleck. However, Dimentio then snatched the [[Chaos Heart]], and activated a mind-controlling [[Floro Sprout]] he had planted on Luigi much earlier, turning his mind back into Mr. L. After explaining that the prophetic [[Dark Prognosticus]] stated that Luigi was the ideal host for the Chaos Heart, [[Dimentio]] merged himself and Luigi with the Chaos Heart, becoming [[Super Dimentio]]. The other three heroes managed to defeat Super Dimentio and turn Luigi back to normal, and they all witnessed [[Count Bleck]] and [[Tippi]] using their love to stop [[The Void]].


Mr. L's name and attitude were likely taken from [[wikipedia:Mr. T|Mr. T]], a wrestler. His personality and attire also seemed to be similar to the "gentleman thief" archetype of classic literature. The pose he did represented ballet, and was mostly opposite of O' Chunks' disco-like pose, even in its colors. Mr. L's other name, "The Green Thunder", may be a reference Luigi's [[Thunderhand]] ability in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''. Mr. L was also referenced in Paper Luigi's trophy in ''Super Smash Bros. Brawl'', however, he was mentioned as "Mister L" instead (which is what he was called in Japan).
Two months before the release of ''[[Super Mario Bros. Wonder]]'', Charles Martinet retired from voicing characters in the franchise, and [[Kevin Afghani]] succeeded him in voicing Mario, Luigi and Wario, with Afghani's take on Luigi being near-identical to Martinet's.
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====''Paper Mario: Sticker Star''====
===Age===
Luigi makes another appearance in ''[[Paper Mario: Sticker Star]]''. Here, he can be seen in the backgrounds and scenery within five areas:
[[File:Stork and Babies Artwork - Yoshi's New Island.png|thumb|The stork, carrying the newborn Mario Bros. to their parents]]
While Luigi was conceived as an identical twin during the development of ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]'', Nintendo introduced him simply as Mario's younger brother. In early media, when the franchise was not fully established, Luigi was described as Mario's much younger brother. In the pamphlet for ''[[Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyūshutsu Dai Sakusen!]]'', his age is estimated to be around 23, two years younger than Mario.<ref name=Pamphlet></ref> "[[Family Album "The Early Years"|Family Album 'The Early Years']]" implies that Luigi was born after Mario by several years.


*'''W1-6: [[Goomba's Fortress]]''' - While Mario crosses the bridge to the tower, Luigi is seen sitting on the wall in the background.
However, ''Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island'' and ''Yoshi Touch & Go''<ref>The ''Yoshi Touch & Go'' instruction booklet states that the Stork is carrying a pair of newborn twins (referring to Mario and Luigi) on page six.</ref> describe the brothers as twins. The reissue of the former, ''Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3'', does not explicitly call them twins, but it notes that Luigi is Mario's younger brother, carried to their parents at the same time.
*'''W2-5: [[Drybake Stadium]]''' - When Mario reaches the fourth floor, if he takes the exit on the left, Luigi is sitting near a window on the right.
*'''W3-12: [[Whitecap Beach]]''' - As Mario walks along the pier, Luigi can be seen sitting on the rock on the right.  
*'''W4-5: [[Whiteout Valley]]''' - Near the end of the ski ride, Luigi is seen sitting on one of the ski lifts going downhill.
*'''W5-5: [[Rugged Road]]''' - After the [[Save Block]], Mario will reach an area with volcanic rocks falling from the sky, creating holes in the ground. Causing one rock to make a hole below an ledge lets Mario reach the underground. Heading north to a hot spring, Luigi is seen in another spring in the background.


The player can paperize the environment then pull Luigi out, who appears in a small size. Luigi will then jump out of the scenery and leave. Upon finding Luigi in the five areas, he'll be seen leading the parade at the credits (replacing the [[Green Toad]]), much like in ''Super Mario RPG'', ''Paper Mario'', and ''Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door''.  In [[Shy Guy Jungle]], if the player keeps digging through the pile of paper, they may find a piece of paper that says a "mysterious green guy" was spotted at [[Goomba's Fortress]]. The player can also read articles about Luigi's various appearances in the northernmost house in the east section of [[Decalburg]]. ''Sticker Star'' is notable for being the only game in the ''Paper Mario'' series where Luigi had no lines of dialogue.
Many video game sources still refer to Luigi as the younger brother, indicating that Luigi may have been the second born twin. For example, in ''Super Paper Mario'', [[Luvbi]] refers to Mario and Luigi as twins at the end of chapter 7-1. Despite the small age difference, Luigi directly refers to Mario as "big bro" in the same game on more than one occasion. Also, while Luigi's Trophy description in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'' also referred to him as "younger twin brother," Colonel Roy Campbell calls Luigi a "kid brother" to Snake during Snake's Codec conversation in the same game. In the ''Mario'' cartoon series, Luigi playfully refers to Mario as his "little big brother," likely due to their height difference. Since Mario is stated to be 26 years old in the Japanese version of ''Super Smash Bros. Melee'' and 24 or 25 by Shigeru Miyamoto,<ref>Griffin, A. (September 30, 2016) [http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/gaming/mario-super-age-24-25-nintendo-shigeru-miyamoto-game-character-a7338911.html Mario is only 24 years old, creator Shigeru Miyamoto says in unearthed interview]. ''Independent''. Retrieved May 28, 2023.</ref> then, provided it is correct, Luigi is the same age.
 
===''Luigi's Mansion'' series===
====''Luigi's Mansion''====
[[File:LM Luigi Flee.png|thumb|175px|right|Luigi, as seen in ''Luigi's Mansion''.]]
During ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'', Luigi won a [[Luigi's Mansion (place)|mansion]] in a contest he hadn't even entered. Luigi called Mario and asked him to visit the mansion. Mario got to the mansion first. When Luigi arrived, Mario was nowhere to be found and [[Boo|ghosts]] haunted the mansion. Luigi met [[Professor Elvin Gadd|Professor E. Gadd]] and received the [[Poltergust 3000]], a vacuum that allowed him to capture ghosts.
 
Luigi went through the mansion, vacuuming many ghosts in order to save his helpless brother from the [[King Boo|King of all Boos]]. In order to fill E. Gadd's [[gallery]] and find King Boo, Luigi had to capture twenty-three special ghosts. These ghosts were more powerful than regular ghosts, and each had a special ability unique to that ghost. After defeating all of the spooks, Luigi had to confront King Boo himself. Dressed in a Bowser Suit, King Boo had all the powers of Bowser and more. But nevertheless, Luigi prevailed and captured the King of all ghosts. After Luigi returned to [[Professor Elvin Gadd's Lab|E. Gadd's Lab]], E. Gadd transformed them into paintings. Luigi saw that Mario had been turned into a painting as well. With the help of E. Gadd, he was freed from his pastel prison in a rather comedic way. After cleaning his mansion of the ghosts, Luigi was able to build a new and better version of his [[Luigi's NEW Mansion|spooky mansion]]. After Mario was rescued, he went with [[Princess Peach|Peach]] on [[Super Mario Sunshine|another vacation]], but this time without Luigi.
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====''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon''====
[[File:Luigi entering the Gloomy Manor.png|thumb|right|Luigi enters the Gloomy Manor.]]
Luigi appears in the [[3DS]] sequel to ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'', ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]'', as the protagonist. Luigi is shown as a cowardly hero, similar to the first game, but he can always get over his fear of ghosts to save the day. Luigi is shown to be afraid of [[Professor E. Gadd]]'s [[Pixelator]], even though it was tested on him several times without any ill effects. Luigi also becomes very friendly with all of the ghosts, who like him immediately once the [[Dark Moon]] is fixed. Luigi also makes E. Gadd feel very proud of him by the end of the game.
 
===''Mario & Luigi'' series===
====''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga''====
[[File:LuigiSSS.png|thumb|100px|left|Luigi standing.]]
After Mario returned from his latest adventure, in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]'', Luigi had to go on another adventure. When [[Cackletta]] stole [[Princess Peach's voice]], Mario and Luigi had to go to the [[Beanbean Kingdom]] to get it back. Luigi wanted to stay in the Mushroom Kingdom, but after a series of tragic and hilarious events, he ended up going with Mario. Mario and Luigi used the [[Koopa Cruiser]] to get to the Beanbean Kingdom and save Princess Peach's voice from Cackletta and [[Fawful]]. Luigi sees how much help he is to Mario and decides to stay on the adventure, even though he was fearful the majority of the time. Luigi even has to dress as Peach for a while. Luigi also had to rescue Mario during the game when Mario got [[Bean Fever]]. He got hypnotized by [[Psycho Kamek]] into thinking he was Mario to get him more relaxed about going into the scary [[Guffawha Ruins]]. He went to the Ruins to get [[Crabbie Grass]], the cure for Bean Fever (which might not make sense because if Luigi thinks he is the real Mario he will not understand that the true Mario is sick; however, it could be possible that he was merely trying to save the man who looked strikingly like him). On the way back to the Mushroom Embassy in Little Fungitown to deliver the grass, he got shocked by a lightning bolt and came back to his normal self. Luigi provides comic relief here, like in a few other games. For the first half of the game, most people recognize Mario, then called Luigi names like "Mr. Green Stache" or "Mr. Other Mario Bro". This was humor derived from Luigi always being in Mario's shadow. When he is hypnotized and thinks he is Mario, everybody recognizes him and asks him if he is okay because he says he is [[Mario]].
 
====''Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time''====
[[File:Luigi & Baby Luigi PiT.png|thumb|120x120px|right|[[Luigi]], with his younger self [[Baby Luigi]].]]
Once again, both Mario brothers unite in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]''. The princess had recently used [[E. Gadd's Time Machine]] to go back in time. She was trapped there by the [[Shroob]]s. Mario now had to go save her again and takes Luigi for some help.
 
Both brothers went back in time to find Peach. However when they went to the past, they were in the time period of the Shroob invasion. Later in the game, Mario and Luigi met their younger selves, [[Baby Mario]] and [[Baby Luigi]], who helped them find the princess.
 
The brothers looked all over the past Mushroom Kingdom collecting Star Shards. The brothers ran into many different enemies, both new and old. They also ran into a few allies. Near the end of the brothers' journey, they traveled to [[Star Hill]] to find the remaining two pieces of the [[Cobalt Star]]. There, they met the [[Star Gate]]. Although passing Mario and the Babies worthy enough to travel through it, the Star Gate judged Luigi and said that he was not worthy enough to go in because of a dark secret in his past. After whispering to Luigi what that dark secret was, the Star Gate gave them three choices: go home and have a nice pasta dinner ending their quest, leave Luigi behind and continue without him, or finding the [[Aurora Block]]. The brothers searched through the entire Star Shrine and find the Aurora Block. Giving the block back to the Star Gate, the Gate asks Luigi who found the block, with only three answers (1. Mario, 2. The babies, or 3. Me, me, ME!) to choose from. Whichever answer he picked from, the Star Gate counted them all wrong and said there was a fourth answer, ''Everyone''. Saddened, Luigi began to cry. Angry by the actions of the Star Gate, Mario and Baby Mario confronted the gate. After seeing them stand up for their brother the Gate labeled them the best siblings ever and allowed Luigi to pass. The Star Gate told the brothers that it was just a test and told Luigi to strike the Aurora Block with all of his new found might. The Star Gate told him that the block can grow by the size of the heart of the person who hits it. After saying that, the Aurora Block grows to gigantic proportions and flattened Luigi. With new found love for each other, the brothers continued on with their journey. After collecting enough shards, Mario, Luigi, Baby Mario, and Baby Luigi went to the past of [[Princess Peach's Castle]], which has been turned into [[Shroob Castle]].
 
Luigi and company defeated all the enemies, [[Princess Shroob]], [[Elder Princess Shroob]], and [[Shrowser]]. They finally saved Peach and went back to their own time. They watched sadly as Baby Mario and Baby Luigi traveled back to their time period. In this game Baby Luigi is significantly braver than Luigi despite him being a baby.
 
====''Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story''====
[[File:LuigiBIS.png|thumb|120x120px|left|Luigi with his Hammer.]]
Yet again, Luigi joined Mario on an adventure in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story]]''. This time, the Bros. went to an emergency meeting in [[Princess Peach's Castle]], warning about the dangerous disease plaguing the [[Mushroom Kingdom]], called the [[Blorbs]]. Mario and Luigi arrived in the castle so hastily that Luigi was first shown hopping on one foot while trying to put on his overalls, causing him to trip and fall face-first on the floor, losing even a shoe. Later, for some odd reason, Luigi started feeling tired during the meeting and fell fast asleep without anyone noticing. He didn't wake up even when [[Bowser]] invaded the conference. However, Luigi did wake up when a mind-controlled Bowser came back to the castle and inhaled everyone there, including Luigi (due to [[Fawful]]'s [[Vacuum Mushroom]]). Upon landing in the Trash Pit, Luigi must be rescued by [[Mario]]. Both of them, along with [[Starlow]], must then find Princess Peach, and then a way out of [[Bowser's body]]. After they found [[Princess Peach]], she told them of Fawful's plan of stealing the evil artifact known as the [[Dark Star]]. However, Fawful then took Peach away, and went to steal the Dark Star and re-awaken it using Peach's powers. The Mario Bros. then had to stop Fawful from using the Dark Star to bring darkness to the kingdom.
 
During most of the adventure, Luigi and Mario explored Bowser's insides and even helped him secretly because Bowser wanted to stop Fawful too. Fawful took control over [[Bowser's Castle|his castle]] and was trying to conquer the kingdom, a goal that Bowser had pursued long before Fawful. Though Bowser had no idea he had inhaled his sworn enemies, the Mario Bros. helped him in the backstages, with Starlow explaining to him what's going on with his body. She always used her false name Chippy to avoid being recognized while inside Bowser. The Mario Bros. could also use the [[Warp Pipe]]s in the [[Pipe Yard]] to get out of Bowser's Body and go out on their own missions. Again, Luigi proved to be an invaluable help to Mario, often helping him throughout the adventure. At one point, Luigi even had to rescue Mario from a group of [[Sockop]]s that had taken him. In order to do that, Luigi made use of a Sockop to traverse a field of thorns.
 
The unlikely trio eventually engaged the [[Dark Star]] in their final battle with the Dark Star itself already having used Bowser's DNA to turn into [[Dark Bowser]]. Bowser had to reduce Dark Bowser's HP to 0 so that the [[Dark Star Core|Dark Fawful Bug]] could fully revive him and make him bigger. Bowser then had to punch Dark Bowser's belly to have him spit out the Dark Fawful Bug and return to normal size. After that, Bowser inhaled the Dark Fawful Bug (while Dark Bowser tried to do the same) and (unknowingly) let the Mario Bros. fight it. In a battle similar to the one they had with [[Cackletta|Fawful's former mistress]], they had to defeat the Dark Fawful Bug's body parts before being able to reach the Dark Star Core. Once they destroyed the Dark Fawful Bug, Dark Bowser became unstable. Then Bowser charged his punches to deliver the final blows on Dark Bowser until he exploded, freeing the kingdom from an age of eternal darkness. The Mario Bros. then met up with a beaten Dark Fawful Bug. They were surprised to see that he survived. However, without a body or the Dark Star to sustain him, he didn't have much time left. With one last psychotic smile, Fawful explodes, hoping to destroy the Bros., however it instead released everyone from Bowser's body. Everyone then cheered on Mario and Luigi for saving the kingdom, but the celebration was cut short as Bowser was angry when he saw that Mario and Luigi were in his body, and engages the brothers and Starlow in what was to be another epic battle. As the credits rolled, the battle was shown.
 
====''Mario & Luigi: Dream Team''====
[[File:Luigi - Mario & Luigi Dream Team.png|thumb|140px|right|Luigi, as he appears in ''Mario & Luigi: Dream Team'']]
Luigi makes an appearance in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Dream Team]]'', the fourth installment of the ''Mario & Luigi'' series. His role in this game is larger than previous games in the series, due to the game being released during the Year of Luigi. Luigi's appearance has been changed from the previous 3 games, as his overalls hide his socks and the L on his cap is green, to match his appearance from the main games. Luigi assists Mario, Starlow, and [[Prince Dreambert]] in their adventure to defeat [[Antasma]] (and later Bowser), rescue Princess Peach, and save the frozen [[Pi'illo]]s on [[Pi'illo Island]]. Luigi helps with this by sleeping on the frozen Pi'illos and the Dream Points, allowing Mario to access the [[Dream World]].
 
The game opens with Luigi, Mario, Princess Peach, Toadsworth, and the Toads being invited to Pi'illo Island by [[Dr. Snoozemore]], through a message by [[Broggy]]. They travel to the island via a hot-air balloon. During the flight, Luigi falls asleep, and dreams of Mario fighting Antasma, and later dreams of the hot-air balloon crashing. Instead of the crash actually happening, Luigi wakes up and falls to the ground out of confusion.
 
The game continues with Luigi and company's adventure to rescue Princess Peach from Antasma, and later Bowser (who forms an alliance with Antasma, but betrays him late in the game).
 
===''Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix''===
Luigi (or Mario, depending on who the player chose) danced to save the Mushroom Kingdom during the events of ''[[Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix]]''. [[Waluigi]] went to [[Truffle Towers]] to steal the [[Music Key]]s and grant him the power to "hypnotize the rhythmless masses". However, after he opened the door, all but one key flew to various locations in the Mushroom Kingdom. One of the music Keys went down the sea, another one to [[Wario's Carnival]] and another one to [[Freeze Mountain]]. Toad, witnessing these events, rushed to tell Luigi. If all keys were not returned, they could fall into the wrong hands.
 
Luigi set out to find all four Music Keys, along with Toad. Using the [[S.S. Brass]] to navigate, Luigi challenged [[Waluigi]] (and other characters) to a "dance-off" and got all four Music Keys back.
 
After Luigi retrieved all the keys, Bowser accosted them. Bowser retreated into his castle and Luigi followed him on the S.S. Brass. Luigi won the "Final Dance Off" with him and got the Music Keys back. All the keys were subsequently returned to Truffle Tower.
 
===''Mario Baseball'' series===
====''Mario Superstar Baseball''====
In ''[[Mario Superstar Baseball]]'', Luigi was an alternative captain to [[Mario]]. His team names were the ''Luigi Gentlemen'', ''Luigi Vacuums'', ''Luigi Mansioneers'', and ''Luigi Leapers''. Luigi had similar stats and abilities to Mario in the series, but Luigi could perform a [[Super Jump]] on the field while Mario could not, and his Star Pitch was the [[Green Fireball]].
 
Luigi's stats were well balanced, although his batting skills were slightly weaker than his other skills.
 
====''Mario Super Sluggers''====
In ''[[Mario Super Sluggers]]'', Luigi appeared as a captain, and his team name was called the ''Luigi Knights''. Luigi, Bowser Jr. and Daisy are the only secondary team captains to have a home stadium, with Luigi's being Luigi's Mansion. Compared to the predecessor, Luigi's batting, fielding, and running have been improved slightly, while his pitching skills remained the same. He also gained a new star pitch called the [[Tornado Ball]] to differentiate him from his brother. In challenge mode, Luigi was the first player that joined the team.
 
Luigi's ''Mario Super Sluggers'' baseball card listed his Rookie Year as 1982, although ''Mario Bros.'', the game that he first appeared in, was released in 1983.
 
===''Super Princess Peach''===
[[File:SPP Luigi.png|thumb|140px|left|Luigi captured by a [[Hammer Bro]].]]
In ''[[Super Princess Peach]]'', Bowser's minions, using the power of the [[Vibe Scepter]], kidnapped Mario. They also kidnapped Luigi and Toad because they got in the way. Peach went on a quest to rescue them.
 
Bowser makes sure that he hid Luigi well because of what he had done in the past, which led him to hiding him late in the game.
 
Peach found Luigi trapped in a bubble in the boss level of [[Giddy Sky]] instead of a Toad. She defeated the boss, [[Kamek#Giant Kamek|Giant Kamek]] and then freed Luigi.
 
===''Mario Strikers'' series===
====''Super Mario Strikers''====
[[File:Luigi - Super Mario Strikers.png|thumb|100px|Artwork of Luigi in ''[[Super Mario Strikers]]''.]]
Luigi is a team captain in ''[[Super Mario Strikers]]'' (also known as ''Mario Smash Football'' in the PAL regions). He is a Balanced player and his [[Super Ability]] is [[Super Luigi!]]. Luigi's number in ''Super Mario Strikers'' is 2, probably referring to his being Mario's "younger brother" and his being Player 2. His emblem is a lightning bolt, a possible nod to his [[Thunderhand]] in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''. In the game, his Super Strike is the [[Super Strike#Luigi - Vicious Vortex|Vicious Vortex]].
 
====''Mario Strikers Charged''====
Luigi returns as a team captain in the sequel to ''Super Mario Strikers'', ''[[Mario Strikers Charged]]'' (also known as ''Mario Strikers Charged Football'' in the PAL version). He is a balanced player, and his [[Mega Strike]] uses electricity, most likely, again, referring to his ability from ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga''. Luigi's [[Super Ability]] is [[Super Luigi!]], which allows him to become giant and crush his opponents, opening scoring opportunities, including Mega Strikes.
 
===''Mario Hoops 3-on-3''===
Luigi appeared in the game ''[[Mario Hoops 3-on-3]]'', as a playable character. Luigi is a balanced-type character. To use his [[Special Shot]] the player had to tap the "L" to shoot the amazing [[Green Fire Shot]]. Luigi's baller name was the ''Mushroom Dynamite''.
 
===''Itadaki Street DS''===
Luigi also appeared in ''[[Itadaki Street DS]]'', where he joined many of his friends and ''Dragon Quest'' characters.
 
===''Mario & Sonic'' series===
Luigi appears as a playable character within the [[Mario & Sonic (series)|''Mario & Sonic'' series]]. Luigi's stats are balanced meaning he had no glaring weakness in any event. Luigi's emblem was his trademark green "L". Luigi also appeared in ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Winter Games]]''. In the story mode in the [[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Winter Games (Nintendo DS)|DS version]], he is found in [[Frostown]] Plaza where he challenges Mario and Sonic to a cross-country race. Luigi joins the party if they win. Luigi is later used in [[Get the key!|a minigame]] in [[Sparkleton]], where he must grab a key from several Boos by collecting batteries for a lamp, then finding the key inside one of them. Later, the group meets [[King Boo]], who is outraged that his Boos have been defeated, at [[Polastraits]] and he refuses to let them pass until Luigi beats him in [[Alpine Skiing|Alpine Skiing GS]]. He later appears again in the third installment, ''[[Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games]]''. Luigi also appears in ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games]]''.
 
===''Mario Sports Mix''===
Luigi appeared in ''[[Mario Sports Mix]]'', where he is classified as an all-rounder (all-around in North America) type character. His speed is average, while he has an above average technique. However, Luigi's power is below average. His special move involves Luigi pulling out his trusty [[Poltergust 3000]] from ''Luigi's Mansion''. Before shooting his special shot, Luigi would use the vacuum cleaner to suck in his opponents.
 
===''Fortune Street''===
Luigi returns as a playable character in the Wii follow-up to ''Itadaki Street DS'', ''[[Fortune Street]]''.
 
===Other appearances===
The first live-action portrayal of Luigi was in a commercial for ''Mario Bros.'' from 1983<ref name="mbcommercial" />.
 
Luigi is the second best "property" in [[Nintendo Monopoly]], losing only to his famous brother, [[Mario]]. Here, he replaces Park Place and costs $350.
 
In the board game [[Super Mario Chess]], Luigi is the queen on Mario's team.
 
==General information==
===Physical description===
[[File:LuigiNSMBWii.PNG|100px|thumb|Luigi has the appearance of a Green Moustachioed Plumber.]]
Luigi is very similar to his older brother in appearance, although Luigi is slimmer and taller. His face is noticeably thinner and chinless, and his hair is the same style as Mario's, but more of an auburn or dark maroon. Luigi's mustache is dark brown and smooth, and each half tilts slightly upward.  
He has light blue eyes like his brother, but appear more oval shaped.
 
Luigi also wears clothes similar to Mario, but his shirt is green instead of red. Layered over the shirt is unfaded dark denim jean overalls which reach to above his ankles. He also has dark brown work shoes with tan bottoms that reach above his ankles; Luigi's overalls and shoes are darker than Mario's overalls and shoes. In ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'', Luigi's shoes have Velcro on them, which is not present in any other game. [[Luigi's Cap]] is similar to [[Mario's Cap]], being green instead of red and having an "L" replace Mario's signature "M." Artwork for the [[Mario & Luigi (series)|''Mario & Luigi'' series]] has consistently depicted Luigi as wearing red and white striped socks; this trait is not present in any other games.
 
Mario and Luigi's color preferences are reflected throughout the land in the form of various enemies, such as [[Koopa Troopa]]s and [[Cheep-Cheep]]s, who also come in red and green varieties. These foes even reflect the brothers' personalities, with red ones being more aggressive and green ones acting cautious. In fact, Mario and Luigi are not the only known red and green brothers, with similarly color-coded siblings including [[Cork and Cask]], the [[Red the Bridgemaster|Red]] and [[Green the Bridgemaster|Green]] Bridgemasters, the [[Armored Harriers]], Massif Bros., [[Elder Shrooboid | Elder]] & [[Junior Shrooboid]] and [[Jellyfish Sisters|Gigi]] and [[Jellyfish Sisters|Merri]]. When [[Tattle|tattling]] the younger of the Armored Harriers, [[Goombella]] theorizes that it may be some sort of rule that younger brothers must wear green, offering a possible explanation for Luigi's trademark green shirt and hat.
 
However, Luigi has not always chosen to wear his usual green and blue clothes. ''Mario Bros.'' originally dressed Luigi in a black shirt and green overalls, although artwork showed his shirt to be red. Shigeru Miyamoto stated that the green color of clothing for Luigi was inspired by the enemy [[Shellcreeper]]<ref>[http://multiplayerblog.mtv.com/2013/03/11/luigi-101-with-shigeru-miyamoto-origins-importance-and-his-role-in-new-super-luigi-u/]</ref>. ''Wrecking Crew'' gave him a magenta pair of overalls and helmet, seemingly leaving him shirtless. Even ''Super Mario Bros.'' gave its Luigi a green shirt and white overalls (although ''[[Super Mario Bros. Deluxe]]'' replaced this with a less aberrant brown shirt and green overalls, leaving his original colors to Fire Luigi, who usually has an inverse scheme), even though his usual palette and appearance had emerged in artwork.
 
Luigi is rather infamous for being a [[Wikipedia:Palette swap|palette swap]] of Mario in his earlier adventures. This applies to ''Mario Bros.'', ''Wrecking Crew'', ''Super Mario Bros.'', ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', ''Super Mario World'', ''Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island'', and even the rare solo quest that is ''Mario is Missing!''. Luigi's first unique sprites came in ''Super Mario Bros. 2'', in which his artwork appearance conveniently coincided with the tall [[Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic#Characters (And Their American Counterparts)|Mama]]'s sprite.<ref name="ign" /> Nintendo of Japan would not adapt Luigi's artwork differences to his in-game sprite until ''[[Super Mario Kart]]'', although Luigi's various models have been unique almost ever since, even in remakes of games where he was originally a palette swap (such as ''Super Mario All-Stars'', ''Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World'', ''Super Mario Advance 2'', and ''Super Mario Advance 4'').
 
Both Mario and Luigi have been described as "cutesy," to the extent that Shigeru Miyamoto considered redesigning them to "become a bit more grown-up" in the [[Nintendo GameCube|GameCube]] era, for instance by removing their trademark [[Wikipedia:V sign|V sign]].<ref>[http://cube.ign.com/articles/069/069250p1.html IGN] (Accessed on 7-6-09)</ref> However, aside from growing more realistic as graphics have advanced, Luigi and his brother have changed little over the years, and continue to flash the V sign regularly.
 
Luigi's appearance does, however, tend to lend itself to heavy stylization. The ''Luigi's Mansion'' graphical team took it upon themselves to animate every part of Luigi to convey emotion,<ref>[http://www.n-sider.com/contentview.php?contentid=261 N-Sider] (Accessed on 6-28-09)</ref> resulting in such exaggerations to the plumber's body as head-expanding screams during boss cutscenes and complete flattenings by fake doors. The [[Super Smash Bros. (series)|''Super Smash Bros.'' series]] applies Luigi's cowardice to his actions, making most of his attacks look reckless and unwilling and giving him awkward movements, securing his official title as the series' "dreamy, comical poster boy."<ref name="smash"/>
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===Personality===
===Powers and abilities===
[[File:Lmdmoffart5.jpg|thumb|150px|Luigi has a cowardly personality, but can be brave when prompted.]]
Luigi's abilities are usually exactly the same as Mario's, such as in ''Mario Bros.'', ''Super Mario Bros.'', and ''Super Mario World'' so as to not give players advantages over each other. In most instances where one player can choose between the two brothers, however, Luigi is given his own gameplay quirks. This first occurred in ''Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels'', where Luigi can jump higher than Mario but has lower traction and speed. In the American ''Super Mario Bros. 2'', Luigi once again features the highest jump, but comparatively low speed and power. Luigi's high jumps but low traction would return in ''[[Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2]]'', which, unlike its original version, allowed players to switch between Mario and Luigi at any time on the map screen. In three-dimensional adventures, such as ''Super Mario 64 DS'', ''Super Mario Galaxy'', and ''Super Mario Galaxy 2'' Luigi is usually faster than Mario (at the cost of poorer acceleration), but retains his classic high jumps and poor traction. In addition, when either carrying a large object on his back, or when left extremely terrified, his jumping abilities are reduced significantly to the extent of appearing inferior to Mario's. This is best demonstrated during the climax of ''Luigi's Mansion 3'' where the two brothers are racing to the top of the hotel to locate Peach. Mario in particular is able to cross large gaps up the stairs with a single bound, while by contrast, Luigi has to hug the wall to cross over to the other side.
Luigi is portrayed as timid and a bit of a coward. His cowardly attitude was first shown in ''[[Super Mario Adventures]]''. He also worries and is considerably self-conscious. However, he overcomes his fears and acts like a hero when necessary. On the ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'' website, it describes Luigi as "Mario's fearless brother". In keeping with his personality-based Power Flower, a sign in [[Big Boo's Haunt]] in ''Super Mario 64 DS'' describes Luigi as "wispy."


Arguably, Luigi's most apparent trait is his seeming cowardice. Though he showed several instances of cowardice in early non-game media such as ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]'', his cowardly nature was not actually shown in-game until ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' (aside from a few hints in ''Paper Mario''), and has carried over to almost all of Luigi's subsequent appearances. Although Luigi's [[wikipedia:Phasmophobia|phasmophobia]] is his most overbearing fear, he usually reconsiders at the mere thought of any monsters or trials, especially in the ''Mario & Luigi'' series. However, Luigi can be quite brave, and has saved the Mushroom Kingdom alongside his brother multiple times. ''[[Super Paper Mario]]'' especially glimpses into Luigi's more courageous side, showing him boldly rushing into dangerous situations and rarely even implicating his cowardice. In addition, the ending for ''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon'' also hinted that he got over his phasmophobia, or at the very least takes exception to [[Polterpup]]s and made friends with the ghosts of [[Evershade Valley]].
As aforementioned, Luigi has a higher top speed, but poorer acceleration than his brother in ''Super Mario 64 DS'', along with poor traction and increased agility. In this game, the two brothers are the fastest in all speeds. Luigi's jumps are perhaps at their strongest in this game; not only can Luigi jump higher than his brother, but he can also [[scuttle]] to slow his fall. His backflip has the same effect as being caught in a [[tornado]] or stomping a [[Fly Guy]], allowing for a very slow descent. Unlike Mario, however, Luigi cannot [[Wall Jump]] in this game. As a result of his agility and lightness, Luigi can walk on water for a short time. Luigi's [[Power Flower (Super Mario 64 DS)|Power Flower]] ability is [[Vanish Mario|Vanish Luigi]], allowing him to disappear for invincibility and the ability to walk through certain obstacles.


Another strong element of Luigi's personality is his apparent complex over being overlooked. Although his Superstar status has earned him many fans, including [[Luigi Fan Club|an entire fan club]] led by [[Toadia]] and multiple supporting [[Toad (species)|Toads]] (one of which claims to be his biggest fan in ''Super Mario 64 DS''), even Bowser and the [[Koopa Troop]] have occasional trouble with remembering his name (as seen in ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga''), and he appears to be almost unknown in the [[Beanbean Kingdom]]. Although Luigi's biggest reactions to his frequent overlookings in the ''Mario & Luigi'' series are a few "…"s and face-faults, his inattention was played up for comic relief in ''Paper Mario'', with the snarky man in green complaining about being left behind and perpetually training for that elusive next adventure. Luigi's bio in ''[[Mario Party 5]]'' states that he has been gaining popularity in recent years.
In ''Super Paper Mario'', Luigi's specialty is the [[Spring Jump]], which sends him just off the screen to bound over obstacles and damage enemies mid-air. His standard jumps are also higher than any other character's and he has lower traction once more. However, the player can simply press down to stop instantly in this game (due to his [[Spring Jump]]).
 
Luigi's state of being in the shadow of his brother shows strongly in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]''. An example would be the way Luigi is almost never happy, how his commentary is very monotoned, and how one of his taunts is a bashful kick of the ground. Also, his Final Smash, Negative Zone, seemed to have developed because of living in his brother's shadow forever. Additionally, whenever the crowd cheers for Luigi, not too many people are heard cheering for him and when the announcer says Luigi's name, he sounds a little surprised. Despite this, however, [[Masahiro Sakurai]] did not intend to play up Luigi's overshadowed status, instead aiming to make him "everyone's favorite man in green."<ref name="smash"/>
 
When Luigi finally went on a quest of his own in ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', he's presented as be more arrogant and somewhat of a liar, as he changes the stories of his adventure to make himself look better; his partners claim his stories are false. [[Super Luigi series|The novelizations]] of his escapades describe them with even more flowery exaggerations, stating for instance that he played an earth spirit in the [[Jazzafrazz Town]] Drama Slam (whereas he actually played grass on the side of the road, according to [[Hayzee]]) and that he awoke [[Cranberry]] with "a soft call" (rather than a sneeze).


In ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]'', the [[Star Gate]] (which supposedly knows all) passes Luigi as "unworthy" to enter. This most likely has something to do with Luigi's "dark secret from his past," which it also mentions; Luigi did something either embarrassing or foolish which he has kept a secret ever since. However, in a interview with a member of staff, he stated Luigi had no dark secret, and it was actually a reference to Luigi's constantly living in the shadow of his brother. He also added: "Why make Luigi into a bad guy? We have [[Waluigi]] for that instead!" Even the game itself makes a straightforward point that Luigi has a large heart, as proven when he hits the [[Aurora Block]] and it grows to a gigantic size, flattening him.
Electricity is sometimes depicted as Luigi's answer to Mario's fire. In ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'', Luigi is given the ability to harness and release electricity with a technique known as the [[Thunderhand]], alongside his other specialty, the [[High Jump]], to coincide with Mario's [[Spin Jump]]. This is referenced in ''Super Paper Mario'' with Mr. L's nickname of "The Green Thunder," and in ''[[Mario Strikers Charged]]'' where Luigi's [[Mega Strike]] involves controlling plasma.  


In ''[[Mario Strikers Charged]]'' and ''[[Mario Kart Wii]]'', Luigi is shown to cry when he is frustrated and losing a game.
Luigi is often associated to ice as a polar opposite to Mario's fire. Ice Luigi's [[Special Item (Mario Kart series)|special item]] in ''[[Mario Kart Arcade GP DX]]'' is an [[Ice Ball]], and in ''[[Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS]] / [[Super Smash Bros. for Wii U|Wii U]]'', Ice Balls are one of Luigi's custom moves, serving as the second variation for his Fireball. In ''[[Mario Golf: Super Rush]]'', Luigi's [[Special Shot]] is Ice Flower Freeze, and his Special Dash in Speed Golf is Speed-Skate Dash; both moves involve Luigi taking out an Ice Flower and transforming into his [[Ice Mario|Ice form]], while in the latter case, he ice-skates along the course while leaving behind an ice trail (similar to his [[Ice Mario (Super Mario Galaxy)|Ice form]] from ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]''). Unlockable sports gear in ''[[Mario Sports Superstars]]'' uses Ice Flowers as Luigi's emblem, referencing his ice abilities.


Luigi is also portrayed as somewhat refined, leading the "[[Mario Sunshines|Luigi Gentlemen]]" in ''[[Mario Superstar Baseball]]''. ''Luigi's Mansion'' shows him to be a bit of a neat freak, constantly criticizing the dustiness of his mansion and even mentioning at one point that he hand washes his cap as opposed to using a washing machine as his brother does. He also seems to have an eye for art, but doesn't appreciate many of King Boo's decorations. Luigi has been known to cross-dress three times. The first time was in ''Super Mario Adventures'', second in ''Mario and Luigi: Superstar Saga'' and third was (implied) in ''Paper Mario: The Thousand Year Door''. Like [[Toadette]], Luigi can be sensitive when someone insults him, especially if the jab in question regards his mustache (as proven prior to his showdown with [[Dimentio]]). Luigi also appears to show concern for cruelty to animals; he is horrified by the deer heads and leopard skin rugs in the [[Safari Room]] in ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' and declares that he won't stand for an animal being treated in such a manner.
Aside from this, ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'' also depicts him as being good at acting and disguises, as he dressed up as Princess Peach via her extra dress, with his acting being convincing enough that both Fawful and Bowletta ended up tricked into swapping out the real Peach with Luigi. An earlier instance of such was in ''Super Mario Adventures'', which showed Luigi dressing as Peach and a nurse, with both disguises being convincing enough to fool a Big Boo, Bowser, and the Koopalings.


Whereas Mario rarely speaks in the video games aside from numerous yells and grunts (a point is made out of this in ''Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars'' with [[Toad]] and ''The Thousand-Year Door'' with [[Doopliss]]), Luigi is proven to be quite the conversationalist in the ''Paper Mario'' series, except in ''[[Paper Mario: Sticker Star]]''. When speaking, he talks in a strong Italian accent like his brother. In ''Super Paper Mario'', Luigi is almost Mario's "mouth". He does all the speaking for Mario in the beginning of the game (a role later taken by [[Tippi]]). Once he joins Mario's party, however, he talks only during scenes where the four heroes are shown together. Curiously, the inverse seems to be the case in the rare instance of a Luigi-only quest; both brothers are capable of captioned speech in ''Luigi's Mansion'', but Luigi is limited to ellipses and question marks when interacting with another character. In the ''Mario & Luigi'' series, Luigi, as well as Mario, talks in gibberish that the player can't interpret, but the other characters in the game do.
Occasionally, Luigi utilizes tornadoes against his foes. In ''[[Super Mario Strikers]]'', Luigi's [[Super Strike]] is the [[Vicious Vortex]], which has him surrounded in a green vortex before kicking the [[Soccer Ball]]. Luigi's [[Star Swing]] in ''[[Mario Super Sluggers]]'' is the Tornado Swing, which has him swing the ball while it is engulfed in a tornado. In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]'', Luigi's down special, [[Luigi Cyclone]], has a vortex appear around him, shared with [[Dr. Mario]]'s [[Dr. Tornado]].


''Super Mario Adventures'' downplays his cowardice altogether, instead portraying him as rash and willing to make choices without putting much thought into them. His main characteristic here is greed. However, his greed is not for money as it was in the anime, but for food; when the brothers came across a haunted house, Luigi was drawn in immediately by the smell of cheese.
In addition to actual gameplay differences, Luigi often executes his moves differently than his brother. In ''[[Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World]]'', Luigi jumps with his legs back and descends with them forward, kneels when sliding, and appears to spit fireballs rather than throwing them. The ''Super Smash Bros.'' series and ''[[Mario Kart: Double Dash!!]]'' give Luigi green fireballs, and in the former games his fireballs levitate. Perhaps most famously, Luigi's jumping animation in ''Super Mario Bros. 2'' is merely his walking animation sped up; although Luigi's "kicking" jumps were momentarily ignored, they returned in the [[Super Mario Advance (series)|''Super Mario Advance'' series]], complete with a high-pitched warbling sound effect in ''Super Mario Advance 2'' and ''4''. Luigi's aforementioned scuttle from ''Super Mario 64 DS'' also involves walking in mid-air, and he "kicks" during his Triple Jump in ''Super Mario Galaxy'' and ''Super Mario Galaxy 2'' instead of flipping like Mario.
 
In ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]'' Luigi is consistently portrayed as being the smarter of the two, but the cowardice trait is also shown as Luigi is scared of things going very wrong. He also doesn't take as many risks as Mario does.
 
Revealed in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Dream Team]]'' is that he is willing to help [[Mario|his brother]] whenever he is in danger. He thinks that Mario is much cooler than he is, that he adores his brother because of this trait. The messages that appear in Dream's Deep further explains this trait.
 
Overall, Luigi's personality is hard to determine and tends to change depending on the appearance. Very few games have portrayed him with a personality that lasts throughout the subsequent release. Overall, however, Luigi can be described as timid and cautious, yet kindhearted and willing to protect his homeland with Mario's help, and a bit negative.


Luigi has also exhibited many unique traits in various sports and spin-off games, despite usually being a balance character like his brother. In games such as ''[[Mario Kart Wii]]'', Luigi has a higher top speed than Mario, but has lower handling and acceleration. In the [[Mario Golf (series)|''Mario Golf'' series]], Luigi hits with less power than his brother but features better control, although his shots consistently curve left. Luigi is slightly faster than Mario in ''[[Mario Superstar Baseball]]'', and reveals his special pitch and swing (the [[Tornado Ball]] and [[Tornado Swing]], respectively) in ''[[Mario Super Sluggers]]''. Luigi is shown to be a good breakdancer in ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games]]''; whenever he gets a gold medal, he breakdances like Sonic, and in the events Sychronized Swimming, Figure Skating, and Rhythmic Ribbon, he is shown to be flexible and a good gymnast because of his long legs.
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===Age===
===Roles taken===
[[File:Stork and Babies Artwork - Yoshi's New Island.png|thumb|The Stork, carrying the newborn Mario Bros. to their parents]]
Though Luigi is a heroic character in the ''Super Mario'' games, he is usually made as a sidekick to Mario, although in some media and games he is referred to as a partner. In the ''Mario & Luigi'' games, he is the cowardly partner to [[Mario]], and is occasionally forced to be brave. He is the hero of a separate adventure the player does not get to play or see in ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', where he is a coward who changes the story to make himself look more heroic. In ''[[Super Paper Mario]]'' he was not a sidekick, but rather one of the four heroes, which made him equal to Mario. He was also brainwashed by [[Nastasia]] to become a villain, [[Mr. L]], and was later brainwashed again by [[Dimentio]] to become [[Super Dimentio]], the final boss. His sidekick role was completely different in ''[[Mario is Missing!]]'', ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' and its [[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon|sequel]], where he was the sole main character who had to rescue Mario. He has also taken the role of [[Dr. Luigi|a doctor]], similar to [[Dr. Mario|his brother]], as shown in ''[[Dr. Luigi]]''. Overall, Luigi's role in games is usually the same as Mario's when they appear together.
Luigi was initially introduced as Mario's much younger brother. The first indication of their specific age difference was in ''[[Family Album "The Early Years"]]'', which implied that Luigi was born after Mario by several years.
 
However, ''Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island'' and ''Yoshi Touch & Go''<ref>The ''Yoshi Touch & Go'' instruction booklet states that the Stork is carrying a pair of newborn twins (referring to Mario and Luigi) on page six.</ref> described the brothers as twins. The remake of the game, ''Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3'', did not expressly call them twins, but noted that Luigi was Mario's younger brother, carried to their parents at the same time.
 
Many video game sources still refer to Luigi as the younger brother, indicating that Luigi may have been the second born twin. In ''Super Paper Mario'', [[Luvbi]] refers to Mario and Luigi as twins at the end of chapter 7-1. However, Luigi directly refers to Mario as "big bro" in the same game on more than one occasion. Also, while Luigi's Trophy description in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'' also referred to him as "younger twin brother", Colonel Roy Campbell calls Luigi a "kid brother" to Snake during Snake's Codec conversation in the same game. In the Mario cartoon series, Luigi referred to Mario as his "little big brother". Since Mario is stated to be 26 years old in the Japanese version of ''Super Smash Bros. Melee'', Luigi is 26 as well since they are twins.
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===Powers and abilities===
===Relationships===
As to not give players advantages over each other, Luigi's abilities are usually exactly the same as Mario's, such as in ''Mario Bros.'', ''Super Mario Bros.'', and ''Super Mario World''. In most instances where one player can choose between the two brothers, however, Luigi is given his own gameplay quirks. This first occurred in ''Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels'', where Luigi can jump higher than Mario but has lower traction and speed. In the American ''Super Mario Bros. 2'', Luigi once again features the highest jump, but comparatively low speed and power. Luigi's high jumps but low traction would return in ''[[Super Mario Advance 2: Super Mario World]]'', which, unlike its original version, allowed players to switch between Mario and Luigi at any time on the map screen. In three-dimensional adventures, such as ''Super Mario 64 DS'', ''Super Mario Galaxy'', and ''Super Mario Galaxy 2'' Luigi is usually faster than Mario (at the cost of poorer acceleration), but retains his classic high jumps and poor traction.
====Family====
{{main|Mario and Luigi's family}}
[[File:SMWGPB3 Cover.png|thumb|upright=1.4|Luigi has a close and caring relationship with his older but shorter brother Mario, if not occasionally competing against him.]]
[[File:Mario and Luigi Dream Team Hug.gif|150px|thumb|left|Luigi and Mario hug after reuniting with each other in ''Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam'']]
[[Mario]] is Luigi's older but shorter twin brother. Luigi often accompanies him on his adventures, most prominently in the ''Mario & Luigi'' series. While there is some sibling rivalry between the two<ref>The ''Super Mario Kart'' manual (page 21) states that "Mario and Luigi have had a friendly rivalry that goes back to their childhood."</ref>, with Luigi sometimes feeling jealous and overshadowed by his brother, he also admires and looks up to him, wishing to be "a great plumber like his brother Mario" in ''Super Mario RPG'', and he is very loyal to him, helping him out whenever he can and fighting by his side against several enemies. As twins, the two share a brotherly bond so strong that when they were babies, it functioned telepathically, as Baby Mario could sense where his brother was after they were separated by Kamek and his minions. The brothers still keep their strong brotherly love and their tight-knit bond in adulthood, as they share a house and frequently help and save each other, both showing to be very protective of each other. In the [[Mario & Luigi (series)|''Mario & Luigi'' series]], they often hug each other when they reunite after getting separated, relieved that the other is alright, and if one of the brothers is defeated and loses consciousness during a battle, the other one will panic and carry his fainted brother on his shoulders while being on the defensive or running away, at the cost of being weighed down and reacting slower when countering with his hammer or dodging with a jump.


As aforementioned, Luigi has a higher top speed but poorer acceleration than his brother in ''Super Mario 64 DS'', along with poor traction and increased agility. In this game Luigi along with Yoshi are the fastest swimmers. Luigi's jumps are perhaps at their strongest in this game; not only can Luigi jump higher than his brother, but he can also [[scuttle]] to slow his fall. His backflip has the same effect as being caught in a [[Tweester]] or stomping a [[Fly Guy|Fire Guy]], allowing for a very slow descent. Unlike Mario, however, Luigi cannot [[Wall Jump]] in this game. As a result of his agility and lightness, Luigi can walk on water for a short time. Luigi's [[Power Flower]] is [[Vanish Mario|Vanish Luigi]], allowing him to disappear for invincibility and the ability to walk through certain obstacles.
While Mario is generally the more heroic and active of the two, Luigi too saved him on multiple occasions, starting with ''Mario is Missing!'' and subsequently in games such as ''Luigi's Mansion'' and its sequels, fighting his arch-enemy [[King Boo]] and facing his fear of ghosts on three different occasions to rescue him, the Toads and Peach, adamantly refusing to escape without saving his brother and his friends first. Mario is shown to be proud of Luigi when he is rescued: in ''Dark Moon'', he calls Luigi "number one" while energically shaking his hand and says, "That's my bro," and in ''[[Luigi's Mansion 3]]'', he says "Way to go" both times he is rescued, and when they reunite before the final showdown against King Boo, Mario is so overjoyed to see that Luigi has come to save him once again that he rushes to Luigi and gives him a big hug to thank him.
 
In ''Super Paper Mario'', Luigi's specialty is the [[Spring Jump]], which sends him just off the screen to bound over obstacles and damage enemies mid-air. His standard jumps are also higher than any other character's and he has lower traction once more. However, the player can simply press down to stop instantly in this game (due to his [[Spring Jump]]).


Electricity is sometimes depicted as Luigi's answer to Mario's fire. In ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'', Luigi is given the ability to harness and release electricity with a technique known as the [[Thunderhand]] (alongside his other specialty, the [[High Jump]]). This is referenced in ''Super Paper Mario'' with Mr. L's nickname of "The Green Thunder," and in ''[[Mario Strikers Charged]]'', where Luigi's [[Mega Strike]] involves controlling electricity.
In ''[[Super Mario Odyssey]]'', Luigi shows himself to be very supportive of his brother's decisions when it comes to fashion choices. When talking to Luigi before starting the [[Balloon World]] minigame, Luigi will often comment on Mario's current costume, stating that he "looks good" in the outfit he wears, even when some frighten him. When Mario wears Peach's Wedding Dress, his own groom tux, or Bowser's Tuxedo, Luigi will comment with surprise that he didn't know Mario was about to get married, only for him to realize that Mario is only wearing that outfit for fun, then respecting his decision to wear the outfit. ''Dream Team'' reveals that Luigi's deepest motivation for [[Giant Luigi|persevering]] through fearsome situations is his love for his brother, shown in his subconscious from [[Dream's Deep]] with inner thoughts such as "Big bro in danger!" and "I gotta help my bro!" This is also shown in the ''Luigi's Mansion'' series, where despite his fear of ghosts, he persists in searching for Mario.


In addition to actual gameplay differences, Luigi often executes his moves differently than his brother. In ''[[Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World]]'', Luigi jumps with his legs back and descends with them forward, kneels when sliding, and appears to spit fireballs rather than throwing them. The ''Super Smash Bros.'' series and ''[[Mario Kart: Double Dash!!]]'' give Luigi green fireballs, and in the former games his fireballs levitate. Perhaps most famously, Luigi's jumping animation in ''Super Mario Bros. 2'' is merely his walking animation sped up; although Luigi's "kicking" jumps were momentarily ignored, they returned in the [[Super Mario Advance (series)|''Super Mario Advance'' series]], complete with a high-pitched warbling sound effect in ''Super Mario Advance 2'' and ''4''. Luigi's aforementioned scuttle from ''Super Mario 64 DS'' also involves walking in mid-air, and the Eternal Understudy "kicks" during his Triple Jump in ''Super Mario Galaxy'' and ''Super Mario Galaxy 2''.
Just as Luigi shows a strong brotherly love to him, Mario also loves his brother dearly, considering him a special person. In ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story]]'', he willing to give him proper credit for his heroism when it is due, like when they defeated the [[Shroob]]s, and declares to [[Princess Lipid]] that his brother is worth more than a treasure to him, and in ''Partners in Time'', when the [[Star Temple gate|Star Gate]] badmouths Luigi and causes him to burst out crying, Mario objects in anger and takes his brother's defense, with his baby self even going as far as repeatedly whacking the gate with his hammer, though it turns out that it was only to test Mario and the babies' loyalty to him. Mario and Luigi are often partners in spin-offs and in ''[[Mario Superstar Baseball]]'' and its sequel ''[[Mario Super Sluggers]]'', which have the [[Chemistry]] mechanic, they have good chemistry, working well together. Even when they hit each other in the ''Mario & Luigi'' series to access new areas or to perform some attacks, they trust each other to do so.


Luigi has also exhibited many unique traits in various sports and spin-off games, despite usually being a balance character like his brother. In games such as ''[[Mario Kart Wii]]'', Luigi has a higher top speed than Mario, but has lower handling and acceleration. In the [[Mario Golf (series)|''Mario Golf'' series]], Luigi hits with less power than his brother but features better control, although his shots consistently curve left. Luigi is slightly faster than Mario in ''[[Mario Superstar Baseball]]'', and reveals his special pitch and swing (the [[Tornado Ball]] and [[Tornado Swing]], respectively) in ''[[Mario Super Sluggers]]''.
The strong brotherly love between Mario and Luigi is also a prominent part of ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Movie]]''. When Luigi was bullied during their childhood, Mario protected him by attacking who was responsible, and he has as a strong admiration of him ever since then, constantly praising him and staying by his side in every step of the way despite not always agreeing with his reckless and risky decisions. As his big brother, Mario has always been very protective of Luigi, protecting him from bullies and dangers, and in turn, Luigi reassures him that he's not a weight to him when he confides in him about his insecurities. Also, Mario often calls Luigi "Lu", a nickname he uses as a show of affection to him. When Bowser indirectly mentions Princess Peach, of whom he's obsessively in love with, and asks him if she would find Mario attractive, he responds by saying that she would if she's a girl with good tastes, indirectly showcasing that he will always support Mario's relationship with Peach if they end up together. While he takes on Bowser to protect the Mushroom Kingdom, Mario self-imposed objective is not to defeat him, but to save his brother, and after Luigi almost falls to his death in the lava and is barely saved by him, Mario is on the verge of tears as he hugs him tight. Even though Luigi isn't as much as a fighter as Mario, he can still be just as protective of him, as seen with how he faces his fears and saves Mario's life by blocking Bowser's Fire Breath with a manhole, giving them enough time to grab the [[Super Star]] and defeat him together. After they get separated, they constantly think about each other, with Mario mentioning during his second night in the Mushroom Kingdom that they had never been apart for such a long time, and their website and other media about the movie also refer to them as each other's best friend. Like in the games, they share a bedroom, both in their old apartment in [[Brooklyn]], where they lived with their family, and at the end of the movie, after moving out in a new house in the Mushroom Kingdom.


Despite his skills, Luigi is also somewhat clumsy. For example, in ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', he accidentally bumps one of his partners, [[Blooey]] the [[Blooper]], into a volcano while trying to stop evil, burning him to a golden crisp but not killing him. Usually, though, he is very agile and can do many stunts Mario can not, and in fact appears to be the best jumper in the Mushroom Kingdom and he is shown to be a good breakdancer in ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games]]'' whenever he gets a gold medal he breakdances like Sonic, and in the events Sychronized Swimming, Figure Skating, and Rhythmic Ribbon, he is shown to be flexible and a good gymnast because of his long legs.
Although Luigi and Mario generally have positive interactions with each other, some media do show sibling conflict, mostly due to sibling rivalry and how they get competitive with each other. In ''Mario Power Tennis'', when Luigi wins a match, he is congratulated by Mario, though the latter intentionally steps on Luigi's foot and squirms his own foot against it, which leaves Luigi looking confused and uneasy for what happened. Mario and Luigi's heated argument is the central plot for the episode "[[Oh, Brother!]]" in ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', with Mario getting kidnapped and forced to attack him because of a [[Lame Brainer|mind-control helmet]] afterwards, but Luigi saves him after successfully overloading the device and the brothers make up, promising to not get into fights with each other ever again. In a ''Super Paper Mario'' adaptation in ''Super Mario-kun'', Mario has pleaded a brainwashed Mr. L to recall the "fond memories" he had with his brother, only for Mr. L to humorously remember the very unpleasant experiences with Mario and get angrier. One of ''Super Mario Maker 2''{{'}}s title screen animations show Mario cautiously trying to take a key away from Luigi only for the latter to run away with the key, and for Mario to forcefully take the key from Luigi. Performing an action with either the hammer or Hand Powers on the leading brother in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]'' before unlocking the map-related skill causes him to get angry and scold the other, and in ''Partners in Time'', after everyone lose consciousness from falling into the [[Gritzy Caves]] and Baby Mario smacks Luigi in the head with his hammer to wake him up, he gets enraged and gives him a stern scolding, accidentally making the babies cry, and Mario has a minor argument with his brother after waking up to this scene, reprimanding him for causing the babies to cry, resulting in Luigi bursting into tears as well.  
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===Roles taken===
Overall, while Luigi does feel jealous of Mario due to him being in his brother's shadow and their fame inequality, he does not complain much about it and is always available to help him in the times of need, protecting his friends and the Mushroom Kingdom by his side and keeping a very strong and healthy relationship with him.
Luigi is a hero, but usually a sidekick, although in some media and games he is referred to as a partner. In the ''Mario & Luigi'' games, he is the cowardly partner to [[Mario]], and is occasionally forced to be brave. He is the hero of a separate adventure the player doesn't get to play or see in ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', where he is a coward who changes the story to make himself look more heroic. In ''[[Super Paper Mario]]'' he was not a sidekick, but rather one of the four heroes, which made him equal to [[Mario]]. He was also brainwashed by [[Nastasia]] to become a villain, [[Mr. L]], and was later brainwashed again by [[Dimentio]] to become [[Super Dimentio]], the final boss. His sidekick role was completely different in ''[[Mario is Missing!]]'', ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' and its [[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon|sequel]], where he was the sole main character who had to rescue Mario.
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===Relationships===
While they are rarely shown, Mario and Luigi's [[Papa Mario|father]] and [[Mama Mario|mother]] are referenced a number of times, though Mama Mario appears in several episodes of ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]'', and both of Mario and Luigi's parents make a full appearance in ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Movie]]''. Several other relatives are also mentioned or shown in various medias, such as their aunts, uncles (including [[Uncle Arthur]] and [[Uncle Tony]] from the 2023 film), grandparents, and cousins.
====Family====
[[File:Mario And Luigi - Siblings Day.jpg|thumb|123px|Luigi has a loving relationship towards his brother, if not occasionally competing against him.]]
Luigi often accompanies his older twin brother Mario on his adventures, most prominently in the ''Mario & Luigi'' series. While there is some sibling rivalry between the two<ref>The ''Super Mario Kart'' manual (page 21) states that "Mario and Luigi have had a friendly rivalry that goes back to their childhood."</ref>, with Luigi sometimes feeling jealous and overshadowed by his brother, he also admires and looks up to him, wishing to be "a great plumber like his brother Mario" in ''Super Mario RPG''. The two share a loving brotherly bond so strong that as babies, Baby Mario could sense where his brother was after they were separated by the Koopas. This closeness continues into adulthood, with the brothers frequently coming to each other's aid and rescue. While Mario is generally the more heroic and active of the two, Luigi has saved him on a few occasions, starting with ''Mario is Missing!'' and subsequently in ''Luigi's Mansion'', and its sequel, ''Dark Moon'', wherein Mario calls Luigi "number one" upon his rescue.


====Friends====
====Friends====
One of Luigi's closest friends is Yoshi, and the two are often referred to as "The Green Team" when partnered up in spin-offs, although in he ''Mario Baseball'' series their chemistry is only neutral. Their relationship is much closer in the [[Super Mario World (television series)|''Super Mario World'' TV Show]], which depicted Yoshi as having originally thought Luigi was his mother and still enjoys hearing him tell him bedtime stories, as seen in the episode [[Mama Luigi]]. He is also good friends with Toad, although they are not quite as close as Toad is with Mario, and while other Toads are almost unanimous in their praise and adoration of Mario, their opinions on Luigi vary greatly between individuals. Some are unabashed fans of Luigi, with one in ''Super Mario 64'' even asserting that "We'll have to call you the Luigi Brothers soon!", while others are disbelieving that Luigi should measure up to Mario, with one going so far as to call him "The world's most inept and least charismatic brother". Similarly, Luigi's relationship with Starlow is far less cordial than she is with Mario, with her often belittling and mistreating him, but at the same time acknowledging that despite not being as great as Mario, he is still a hero.
One of Luigi's closest friends is Yoshi, and the two are often referred to as "The Green Team" when partnered up in spin-offs, although in the ''Mario Baseball'', series their chemistry is only neutral. Their relationship is much closer in the [[Super Mario World (television series)|''Super Mario World'' TV Show]], which depicted Yoshi as having originally thought Luigi was his mother and still enjoys hearing Luigi tell him bedtime stories, as seen in the episode [[Mama Luigi]]. He is also good friends with [[Toad]], although they are not quite as close as Toad is with Mario, and while other Toads are almost unanimous in their praise and adoration of Mario, their opinions on Luigi vary greatly between individuals. Some are unabashed fans of Luigi, with one in ''Super Mario 64 DS'' even asserting that "We'll have to call you the Luigi Brothers soon!", while others are disbelieving that Luigi measures up to Mario due to his clumsiness and fearful nature, with one going so far as to call him "The world's most inept and least charismatic brother". Similarly, Luigi's relationship with Starlow is far less cordial than she is with Mario, with her often belittling and mistreating him, but at the same time acknowledging that despite not being as great as Mario, he is still a hero in his own way. As seen in both ''Dream Team'' and ''Paper Jam'', she has grown fond of him over time, though she still has the tendency to tease him.


[[File:LuigiRosalinaPic.jpg|thumb|right|Luigi's picture with Rosalina.]]
[[File:LuigiRosalinaSMG.png|thumb|Luigi's picture with Rosalina]]
Princess Peach is another one of Luigi's good friends, with him often accompanying Mario on quests to rescue her from Bowser, the two sharing good chemistry in the ''Baseball'' games, and overall friendly behaviour seen between them, occasionally overlapping with hints of romantic attraction as well. Luigi is seen swooning over Peach after she blows a kiss in her ''Mario Power Tennis'' victory scene, and in games where Luigi can be substituted for his brother, her interactions with him are the same as they would be with Mario, such as rewarding him with a kiss at the end of most ''Super Mario'' platformers, or even being referred to as "special one" by Rosalina in ''Super Mario Galaxy''. Overall, however, the two are portrayed as simple friends, with Daisy serving as Luigi's main love interest, although he has also expressed interest in the unseen Princess Eclair of the Waffle Kingdom. He has also been speculated to have an interest in Rosalina owing to the fact that he and Rosalina are photographed together just as Peach and Mario were pictured together in the image sent by the [[Mailtoad]] in [[Grand Finale Galaxy]], and to the fact that he only gives Mario the [[Green Power Star|Green Star]]s he collected in [[Battlerock Galaxy]] if Mario tells Rosalina they're from Luigi.
Princess Peach is another one of Luigi's good friends, with him often accompanying Mario on quests to rescue her from Bowser, the two sharing good chemistry in ''[[Mario Superstar Baseball]]'', and overall friendly behavior seen between them, occasionally overlapping with hints of romantic attraction as well. Luigi is seen swooning over Peach after she blows a kiss in her ''Mario Power Tennis'' victory scene, and in games where Luigi can be substituted for his brother, her interactions with him are the same as they would be with Mario, such as rewarding him with a kiss at the end of most ''Super Mario'' platformers, or even being referred to as "special one" by Rosalina in ''Super Mario Galaxy''. Overall, however, the two are portrayed as simple friends, with Daisy serving as Luigi's main love interest, although he has also expressed interest in the unseen [[List of implied characters#Princess Eclair|Princess Eclair]] of the Waffle Kingdom. He has also been speculated to have an interest in Rosalina owing to the fact that he and Rosalina are photographed together just as Peach and Mario were pictured together in the image sent by the [[Mailtoad]] in [[Grand Finale Galaxy]], and to the fact that he only gives Mario the [[Green Star]]s he collected in [[Battlerock Galaxy]] if Mario tells Rosalina they are from Luigi.


[[File:LuigiDaisyStatue.PNG|thumb|250px|left|Fountain from the [[Daisy Circuit]] depicting Luigi with Daisy. (''Mario Kart Wii'')]]
[[File:Daisy Circuit statue MKWii.png|thumb|upright=1.1|left|A fountain from [[Daisy Circuit]] depicting a statue of Luigi and Daisy. (''Mario Kart Wii'')]]
It has been stated that Luigi has a crush on Daisy, and the attraction appears to be mutual. In Daisy's second appearance in the ''Mario'' series, ''NES Open Tournament Golf'', she served as Luigi's caddy, just as Peach was caddying for Mario, and as her trophy in ''Super Smash Bros. Melee'' points out, since that point "some gossips started portraying her as Luigi's answer to Mario's Peach". They are often paired up in spin-off games: they are seen golfing together in ''Mario Golf Toadstool Tour'', are "buddy players" with good chemistry in the ''[[Mario Baseball (series)|Mario Baseball]]'' series, they appear together in the [[Miracle Book]] pages from ''Mario Party 6'', and in ''Mario Kart Wii'', there is a giant, golden statue on the [[Daisy Circuit]] that shows the two holding hands and dancing together, along with another of [[Baby Luigi]] and [[Baby Daisy]]. Their team names from the ''Mario Party'' series include, "Steady Sweeties" and "Tango Tanglers", and when Daisy received her trophy from Luigi in ''Mario Power Tennis'', she says, "Hey, sweetie! I'll take that".
It has been stated that Luigi has a crush on Daisy, and the attraction appears to be mutual. In Daisy's second appearance in the ''Super Mario'' franchise, ''NES Open Tournament Golf'', she served as Luigi's caddy, just as Peach was caddying for Mario, and as her trophy in ''Super Smash Bros. Melee'' points out, since that point "some gossips started portraying her as Luigi's answer to Mario's Peach". They are often paired up in spin-off games: they are seen golfing together in ''Mario Golf Toadstool Tour'', are "buddy players" with good chemistry in the ''[[Mario Baseball (series)|Mario Baseball]]'' series, they appear together in the [[Miracle Book]] pages from ''Mario Party 6'', and in ''Mario Kart Wii'', there is a giant, golden statue on the [[Daisy Circuit]] that shows the two holding hands and dancing together, along with another of their respective younger counterparts: [[Baby Luigi]] and [[Baby Daisy]]. Their team names from the ''Mario Party'' series include "Steady Sweeties" and "Tango Tanglers", and when Daisy received her trophy from Luigi in ''Mario Power Tennis'', she says, "Hey, sweetie! I'll take that".


Another one of Luigi's friendships can also be seen with Professor E. Gadd. Although the only interactions between the 2 were in the ''Luigi's Mansion series'', they worked very well together. E. Gadd shows much trust in Luigi, despite Luigi's cowardly nature. Throughout ''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon'', E. Gadd jokingly held Luigi in low regards, though he also states to be proud of him for courageously exploring the hostile ghost filled mansions as well as defeating the various possessor ghosts.
Another one of Luigi's friendships can also be seen with Professor E. Gadd. Although the only interactions between them are not frequent, they work very well together. E. Gadd shows much trust in Luigi, despite Luigi's cowardly nature. Throughout ''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon'', E. Gadd jokingly holds Luigi in low regards, though he also states to be proud of him for courageously exploring the hostile ghost filled mansions as well as defeating the various [[Possessor]] ghosts. Luigi was also devastated to see E. Gadd trapped in a painting in ''Luigi's Mansion 3'', showing that Luigi cares about his well-being, as well as understanding that E. Gadd can help him save the others.


====Enemies====
Luigi is shown to get along with [[Rabbid Luigi|his Rabbid counterpart]], because they are willing to cooperate in order to defeat the [[Megabug]], and restore order to the [[Mushroom Kingdom]]. Group artwork for ''Mario + Rabbids Kingdom Battle'' shows the two characters posing together, while their in-game interactions are also friendly. Rabbid Luigi even possesses a few similarities to Luigi, such as being timid and polite in personality, as well as favoring long-ranged over close-quarter combat. In ''Mario & Sonic at London 2012 Olympic Games'', Luigi is shown to be good friends with [[Tails|Miles "Tails" Prower]], with them having a special victory animation in the sequels; later on, in ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020]]'', the two sidekicks would not hesitate to team up in order to rescue Mario and Sonic from the Tokyo64.
[[File:LuigiMansion2-LuigiKingBoo.png|thumb|right|King Boo intimidates Luigi.]]
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Bowser's main rivalry is with Mario, and while he views Luigi as almost a great a threat as his brother in games such as ''Super Mario Galaxy'' and its sequel, at other times, Bowser has trouble even remembering Luigi's name, particularly in the ''Mario & Luigi'' series where he often defaults to calling him "Green 'Stache" (Although Bowser finally calls Luigi by his real name at the end of ''Mario & Luigi: Dream Team''). Rather than Bowser, Luigi's arch-nemesis is actually King Boo, who he met and defeated single-handedly in ''Luigi's Mansion'' when the ghost kidnapped Mario. King Boo would later try to get revenge in ''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon'', and the rivalry can be seen in other series as well, such as the ''Mario Baseball'' games, in which they share bad chemistry, or ''Super Mario 64 DS'', where King Boo (Known as Big Boo in the English version) was the one to lock Luigi away.


Another heated rivalry exists between Luigi and Waluigi, with the two sharing bad chemistry in all the games they appear in together, and acting hostile and rude towards each other, such as Luigi making a gesture at Waluigi to anger him in ''Mario Tennis'', the two scowling at each other in the ''Mario Party 3'' group picture, and Waluigi´s vandalism of Luigi´s picture in the opening movie of ''Mario Power Tennis''. Waluigi is constantly seen harassing Luigi, whether by humiliating him during the sports competition, following him wherever he goes or even directly confronting him. The origins of their animosity are unknown, however jealousy may be a factor, as both Luigi and Waluigi have crushes on Princess Daisy. Luigi himself, while he despises Waluigi, prefers to ignore him and his antics
====Enemies/Rivals====
[[File:LuigiMansion2-LuigiKingBoo.png|thumb|King Boo intimidates Luigi.]]
Though [[Bowser]]'s main rivalry is with Mario, he views Luigi as almost as great of a threat as his brother in games such as ''Super Mario Galaxy'' and its sequel. At other times, Bowser has trouble even remembering Luigi's name, particularly in the ''Mario & Luigi'' series where he often defaults to calling him "Green 'Stache" (although Bowser finally calls Luigi by his real name at the end of ''Mario & Luigi: Dream Team''). Rather than Bowser, Luigi's arch-nemesis is actually [[King Boo]], whom he met and defeated single-handedly in ''Luigi's Mansion'' when the ghost king kidnapped Mario. King Boo would later try to get revenge in ''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon'' and ''Luigi's Mansion 3'', and the rivalry can be seen in other series as well, such as the ''Mario Baseball'' games, in which Luigi (along with Mario) shares bad chemistry with the Boo king, ''Super Mario 64 DS'', where King Boo (known as Big Boo in the English version) was the one keeping the key locking Luigi away, and the Adventure Tour of ''Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Winter Games'', where King Boo selects Luigi to face him in Polatraits due to the latter's fear of ghosts.


Just as Luigi's relationships with Daisy and King Boo mirror Mario's relationships with Peach and Bowser, respectively, so too does Luigi's rivalry parallel the one between Mario and Wario. Wario himself does not show as much antagonist towards Luigi as his brother, although the two do not get along well and it has been shown that Wario enjoys giving Luigi trouble, such as by tying his shoelaces together<ref>[http://www.gameboyadvance.com/wario/ ''Wario Land 4'' official website (now defunct)] (Accessed on 7-3-09)</ref>.
Another heated rivalry exists between Luigi and Waluigi, with the two sharing bad chemistry in all the games they appear in together, and acting hostile and rude towards each other, such as Luigi making a gesture at Waluigi to anger him in ''Mario Tennis'', the two scowling at each other in the ''Mario Party 3'' group picture, and Waluigi's vandalism of Luigi's picture in the opening movie of ''Mario Power Tennis''. Waluigi is constantly seen harassing Luigi, whether by humiliating him during the sports competition, following him wherever he goes, or even directly confronting him. The origins of their animosity is unknown, however jealousy may be a factor, as both Luigi and Waluigi have a crush on Princess Daisy, who rejects Waluigi. Luigi himself, while he despises Waluigi, mostly prefers to ignore him and his antics.  


===Nicknames===
Just as Luigi's relationships with Daisy and King Boo nearly mirror Mario's with Peach and Bowser, respectively, his arch-rivalry with Waluigi parallels the one between Mario and Wario. Wario himself does not show as much antagonism towards Luigi as Waluigi, although the two do not get along well and it has been shown that Wario enjoys giving Luigi trouble, such as by tying his shoelaces together<ref>[http://www.gameboyadvance.com/wario/ ''Wario Land 4'' official website (now defunct)] (Accessed on 7-3-09)</ref>. However, Luigi has rescued Wario from [[Chief Chilly]] in ''Super Mario 64 DS'', indicating some degree of respect for the two.
Since Mario has starred in many more games and has been on many more adventures than Luigi, he has received most of the popularity. Almost everyone knew who Mario was. Luigi, on the other hand, has smaller popularity compared to Mario's and is unknown to most. Luigi's nicknames usually have to do with the color of his clothing.


*The Luigi Kid - ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]''
In the first two installments of the ''Mario & Sonic series'', Luigi shares a competitive, friendly rivalry with [[Shadow (character)|Shadow the Hedgehog]] similar to his brother is with [[Sonic|Sonic the Hedgehog]]. They competed in Hurdles and raced in Skating races (the latter in which [[Metal Sonic]] outpaced them and the opening's epilogue shows them standing side-by-side afterwards).
*Long John Spaghetti (by Mario) - ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]''
*Mama Luigi (by [[Yoshi]], and later himself) - [[Super Mario World (television series)|''Super Mario World'' television series]]
*Weegee (by [[Mario]]) - ''[[Super Mario Adventures]]''
*Plunger Puss (by [[Larry Koopa]]) - ''[[Mario is Missing!]]''
*Plumber Dude (by [[Larry Koopa]]) - ''[[Mario is Missing!]]''
*The Eternal Understudy - ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]''
*Master Luigi (by [[Toadsworth]]) - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''
*Mr. Green (by [[Bowser]]) - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''
*Green Guy - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]], [[Super Princess Peach]]''
*Mr. Green Mario Brother Guy (by Bowser) - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''
*Green man of mustache (by the star gate) - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]''
*Green 'stache (by [[Bowser]]) - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]'', ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]'', ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story]]'', and ''[[Mario & Luigi: Dream Team]]'' (also called by a [[Whittle]] in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy 2]]'')
*Mr. Lean 'n' Green - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''
*Mr. Greenie - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''
*What's-yer-name (by Bowser) - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''
*The Other Guy - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''
*Lip Hair (by [[Baby Bowser]]) - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]''
*Shabby green mustachioed man (by [[Princess Lipid]]) - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story]]''
*Man in Green (by [[Dark Prognosticus]]) - ''[[Super Paper Mario]]'' (also known as the "man in green" in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'' in the notice after unlocking Luigi)
*Mr. Lime-Green - ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]''
*The Mustachioed Green Baron - ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]''
*Mr. Eyeballs (by Waluigi) - ''[[Mario Power Tennis]]''
*Mushroom Dynamite - ''[[Mario Hoops 3-on-3]]'' baller name
*Sweetie (by Daisy) - ''[[Mario Power Tennis]]''
*King of Second Bananas (by Colonel) - ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]''
*Green Wimp (by Bowser) - ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]''
*The Green Thunder (as [[Mr. L]]) - ''[[Super Paper Mario]]''
*The Great Dweeb (by a Goomba) - ''[[Super Paper Mario]]''
*Green Wonder - ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]''
*Everyone's favorite man in green (by [[Masahiro Sakurai]]) - ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'' website ([http://www.smashbros.com/ Smash Bros. DOJO!!])
*Air Luigi (by [[Koopa Koot]]) - ''[[Paper Mario]]''
*Mysterious Green Guy - ''[[Paper Mario: Sticker Star]]''
{{br}}
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==Profiles and statistics==
==Profiles and statistics==
{{main|List of Luigi profiles and statistics}}
{{main|List of Luigi profiles and statistics}}
===''Mario Tennis'' series===
===''Mario Tennis'' series===
====''[[Mario Tennis (Nintendo 64)|Mario Tennis]]''====
====''[[Mario Tennis (Nintendo 64)|Mario Tennis]]''====
Line 617: Line 194:
*'''Bio:''' ''Compared to Mario, he is a bit less powerful, but Luigi is good at ball handling. His specialty is playing up front, at the net.''
*'''Bio:''' ''Compared to Mario, he is a bit less powerful, but Luigi is good at ball handling. His specialty is playing up front, at the net.''
*'''Bio 2:''' ''Like his brother, Luigi is pretty good at everything. Although not as powerful as Mario, he has greater accuracy and is excellent at coming into the net.''
*'''Bio 2:''' ''Like his brother, Luigi is pretty good at everything. Although not as powerful as Mario, he has greater accuracy and is excellent at coming into the net.''
==List of appearances==
{{Construction|section=y}}
{|class=wikitable
|-
!width=30%|Title
!width=20%|Year
!width=20%|System/Format
|-
|''[[Mario Bros. (Game & Watch)|Mario Bros.]]''||1983||[[Game & Watch]]
|-
|''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]''||1983||Arcade, [[Nintendo Entertainment System|NES]]
|-
|''[[Mario Bros. Special]]''||1984||[[NEC PC-88]]
|-
|''[[Punch Ball Mario Bros.]]''||1984||NEC PC-88
|-
|[[Family BASIC]]||1984||
|-
|''[[VS. Wrecking Crew]]''||1984||Arcade
|-
|''[[Wrecking Crew]]''||1985||NES
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros.]]''||1985||NES
|-
|''[[VS. Super Mario Bros.]]''||1986||Arcade
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]''||1986||NES (Disk System)
|-
|''[[I am a teacher: Super Mario Sweater]]''||1986||NES (Disk System)
|-
|''[[All Night Nippon: Super Mario Bros.]]''||1986||NES (Disk System)
|-
|''[[Golf: Japan Course]]''||1987||NES (Disk System)
|-
|''[[Famicom Grand Prix II: 3D Hot Rally]]''||1988||NES (Disk System)
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]''||1988||NES
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''||1988||NES
|-
|''[[Kaettekita Mario Bros.]]''||1988||NES (Disk System)
|-
|''[[Tetris]]''||1989||[[Game Boy]]
|-
|''[[Luigi's Hammer Toss]]''||1990||[[Super Mario Bros. Watch]]
|-
|''[[Super Mario World]]''||1990||[[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]]
|-
|''[[Mario Teaches Typing]]''||1991, 1994||{{Wp|MS-DOS}}, {{wp|Windows}}
|-
|''[[Yoshi (game)|Yoshi]]''||1991||NES, Game Boy
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros. Print World]]''||1991||MS-DOS
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros. & Friends: When I Grow Up]]''||1992||MS-DOS
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros. (pinball)|Super Mario Bros.]]'' (pinball)||1992||Arcade
|-
|''[[Super Mario Kart]]''||1992||SNES
|-
|''[[Mario is Missing!]]''||1992, 1993||MS-DOS, SNES, NES
|-
|''[[Mario Undōkai]]''||1993||Arcade
|-
|''[[Super Mario World (arcade)|Super Mario World]]''||1993||Arcade
|-
|''[[Super Mario All-Stars]]''||1993||SNES
|-
|''[[Mario & Wario]]''||1993||SNES
|-
|''[[Mario's Early Years! Fun with Letters]]''||1993, 1994||MS-DOS, SNES
|-
|''[[Mario's Early Years! Fun with Numbers]]''||1994||MS-DOS, SNES
|-
|''[[Mario's Early Years! Preschool Fun]]''||1994||MS-DOS, SNES
|-
|''[[Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World]]''||1994||SNES
|-
|''[[Hotel Mario]]''||1994||[[CD-i]]
|-
|''[[Mario's Tennis]]''||1995||[[Virtual Boy]]
|-
|''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]''||1995||SNES
|-
|''[[Mario Clash]]''||1995||Virtual Boy
|-
|''[[Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars]]''||1996||SNES
|-
|''[[Mario Teaches Typing 2]]''||1996||MS-DOS
|-
|''[[Mario Kart 64]]''||1996||[[Nintendo 64]]
|-
|''[[Game & Watch Gallery]]''||1997||Game Boy
|-
|''[[Excitebike: Bun Bun Mario Battle]]''||1997||[[Satellaview]]
|-
|''[[Game & Watch Gallery 2]]''||1997, 1998||Game Boy, [[Game Boy Color|GBC]]
|-
|''[[Wrecking Crew '98]]'''||1998||SNES
|-
|''[[Mario Party]]''||1998||Nintendo 64
|-
|''[[Super Smash Bros.]]''||1999||Nintendo 64
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros. Deluxe]]''||1999||GBC
|-
|''[[Mario Golf (Nintendo 64)|Mario Golf]]''||1999||Nintendo 64
|-
|''[[Game & Watch Gallery 3]]''||1999||GBC
|-
|''[[Mario Golf (Game Boy Color)|Mario Golf]]''||1999||GBC
|-
|''[[Mario Artist: Paint Studio]]''||1999||[[Nintendo 64DD]]
|-
|''[[Mario Party 2]]''||1999||Nintendo 64
|-
|''[[Mario Tennis (Nintendo 64)|Mario Tennis]]''||2000||Nintendo 64
|-
|''[[Paper Mario]]''||2000||Nintendo 64
|-
|''[[Mario Tennis (Game Boy Color)|Mario Tennis]]''||2000||GBC
|-
|''[[Super Mario Advance]]''||2001||[[Game Boy Advance|GBA]]
|-
|''[[Mario Kart: Super Circuit]]''||2001||GBA
|-
|''[[Mario Family]]''||2001||GBC
|-
|''[[Luigi's Mansion]]''||2001||[[Nintendo GameCube|GameCube]]
|-
|''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]''||2001||GameCube
|-
|''[[Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2]]''||2001||GBA
|-
|''[[Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3]]''||2002||GBA
|-
|''[[Mario Party 4]]''||2002||GameCube
|-
|''[[Game & Watch Gallery 4]]''||2002||GBA
|-
|''[[E-Reader|Mario Bros.-e]]''||2002||[[E-Reader]]
|-
|''[[Super Mario Fushigi no Janjan Land]]''||2003||Arcade
|-
|''[[Mario Party-e]]''||2003||E-Reader
|-
|''[[Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3]]''||2003||GBA
|-
|''[[Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour]]''||2003||GameCube
|-
|''[[Mario Kart: Double Dash!!]]''||2003||GameCube
|-
|''[[Mario Party 5]]''||2003||GameCube
|-
|''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''||2003||GBA
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros.|Classic NES Series: Super Mario Bros.]]''||2004||GBA
|-
|''[[Mario Golf: Advance Tour]]''||2004||GBA
|-
|''[[Wrecking Crew|Famicom Mini: Wrecking Crew]]''||2004||GBA
|-
|''[[Donkey Konga 2]]''||2004||GameCube
|-
|''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]''||2004||GameCube
|-
|''[[Super Mario Bros. 2|Famicom Mini: Super Mario Bros. 2]]''||2004||GBA
|-
|''[[Super Mario Fushigi no Korokoro Party]]''||2004||Arcade
|-
|''[[WarioWare: Twisted!]]''||2004||GBA
|-
|''[[Mario Power Tennis]]''||2004||GameCube
|-
|''[[Mario Party 6]]''||2004||GameCube
|-
|''[[Super Mario 64 DS]]''||2004||[[Nintendo DS]]
|-
|''[[Mario Party Advance]]''||2005||GBA
|-
|''[[Yoshi Touch & Go]]''||2005||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[NBA Street V3]]''||2005||GameCube
|-
|''[[Yakuman DS]]''||2005||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix]]''||2005||GameCube
|-
|''[[Mario Superstar Baseball]]''||2005||GameCube
|-
|''[[Mario Tennis: Power Tour]]''||2005||GBA
|-
|''[[Mario Kart Arcade GP]]''||2005||Arcade
|-
|''[[Super Mario Fushigi no Korokoro Party 2]]''||2005||Arcade
|-
|''[[SSX on Tour]]''||2005||GameCube
|-
|''[[Super Princess Peach]]''||2005||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Mario Party 7]]''||2005||GameCube
|-
|''[[Mario Kart DS]]''||2005||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Super Mario Strikers]]''||2005||GameCube
|-
|''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]''||2005||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Tetris DS]]''||2006||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[New Super Mario Bros.]]''||2006||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Mario Hoops 3-on-3]]''||2006||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Yoshi's Island DS]]''||2006||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Mario Kart Arcade GP 2]]''||2007||Arcade
|-
|''[[Super Paper Mario]]''||2007||[[Wii]]
|-
|''[[Mario Strikers Charged]]''||2007||Wii
|-
|''[[Mario Party 8]]''||2007||Wii
|-
|''[[Itadaki Street DS]]''||2007||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]''||2007||Wii
|-
|''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games]]''||2007, 2008||Wii, Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Mario Party DS]]''||2007||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]''||2008||Wii
|-
|''[[Mario Kart Wii]]''||2008||Wii
|-
|''[[Mario Super Sluggers]]''||2008||Wii
|-
|''[[Mario Party Fushigi no Korokoro Catcher]]''||2009||Arcade
|-
|''[[Mario Power Tennis|New Play Control! Mario Power Tennis]]''||2009||Wii
|-
|''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story]]''||2009||Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[Mario Calculator]]''||2009||[[Nintendo DSi]]
|-
|''[[Mario Clock]]''||2009||Nintendo DSi
|-
|''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Winter Games]]''||2009||Wii, Nintendo DS
|-
|''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]''||2009||Wii
|-
|''[[Super Mario Galaxy 2]]''||2010||Wii
|-
|''[[Super Mario All-Stars Limited Edition]]''||2010||Wii
|-
|''[[Mario Sports Mix]]''||2010||Wii
|-
|''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii Coin World]]''||2011||Arcade
|-
|''[[Super Mario 3D Land]]''||2011||[[Nintendo 3DS]]
|-
|''[[Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games]]''||2011, 2012||Wii, Nintendo 3DS
|-
|''[[Fortune Street]]''||2011||Wii
|-
|''[[Mario Kart 7]]''||2011||Nintendo 3DS
|}


==Portrayals==
==Portrayals==
A list of all the people who have portrayed Luigi.
Luigi has been voiced by the following people:
 
The first live-action portrayal of Luigi was by an unknown actor in an Atari commercial for ''Mario Bros.'' from 1983.<ref name="mbcommercial" /> The following is a list of all of the people who have portrayed Luigi.
*[[Yuu Mizushima]] - ''[[Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen!]]''
*{{wp|Yū Mizushima}} - ''[[Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyūshutsu Dai Sakusen!]]'', ''[[Super Mario World: Mario to Yoshi no Bōken Land]]''
*[[Charles Martinet]] - 1996 - Present
*{{wp|Naoki Tatsuta}} - ''[[Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.]]''
*[[Marc Graue]] - ''[[Hotel Mario]]''
*Bob Sorenson - ''[[Mario is Missing!]]''
*[[Danny Wells]] - ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]''
*[[Danny Wells]] - ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]''
*[[Tony Rosato]] - ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', ''[[Super Mario World (television series)|Super Mario World]]''
*[[Tony Rosato]] - ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', ''[[Super Mario World (television series)|Super Mario World]]''
*[[Julien Bardakoff]] - ''[[Mario Kart 64]]''; (Japanese version only), ''[[Mario Party]]'', ''[[Mario Party 2]]'', ''[[Mario Kart Super Circuit]]''
*Jørn Rosenville - Live action segments for the Danish dub of ''The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3''
*[[Julien Bardakoff]] - ''[[Mario Kart 64]]'' (Japanese version only), ''[[Mario Party]]'', ''[[Mario Party 2]]'', ''[[Mario Kart: Super Circuit]]''
*[[John Leguizamo]] – [[Super Mario Bros. (film)|''Super Mario Bros.'' film]]
*[[Marc Graue]] - ''[[Hotel Mario]]''
*[[Charles Martinet]] - [[Mario in Real Time]], ''[[Mario Kart 64]]'' (overseas version only)-''[[Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope]]''
*Vinny Balbo - ''[[Mario Kart 8]]'' Mercedes-Benz GLA commercial
*[[Charlie Day]] - ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Movie]]''
*[[Kevin Afghani]] - ''[[Super Mario Bros. Wonder]]''-present


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
{{morepic}}
{{main-gallery}}
<gallery perrow=6>
<i><gallery perrow=6>
File:Luigi Artwork - Super Mario 64 DS.png|''[[Super Mario 64 DS]]
MB Luigi Artwork.png|''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]''
File:LM Luigi Flee.png|''[[Luigi's Mansion]]
LuigiSMB2NES.png|''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]''
File:Luigi Pose - Luigi's Mansion Dark Moon.png|''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]
File:Smas-smb3 Luigi2.png|''[[Super Mario World]]''
File:Luiginesog.png|''[[NES Open Tournament Golf]]
MK64 Luigi.png|''[[Mario Kart 64]]''
File:LuigiSMB2.jpg|''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]
Luigis Mansion Luigi Poltergust Artwork.jpg|''[[Luigi's Mansion]]''
File:LUIGI Super Strikers Tournmanent.png|''[[Super Mario Strikers]]
File:Mparty4 luigi.jpg|''[[Mario Party 4]]''
File:LuigiStrikersj.jpg|''[[Mario Strikers Charged]]
File:Luigi MLPiT.png|''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]''
File:TanookiLuigi.png|''[[Super Mario 3D Land]]
File:Luigi SPM artwork.jpg|''[[Super Paper Mario]]''
File:Luigi - Mario & Luigi Dream Team.png|''[[Mario & Luigi: Dream Team]]
Luigi MP10.png|''[[Mario Party 10]]''
File:Luigiart3.png|
File:Luigi - Aces Artwork.png|''[[Mario Tennis Aces]]''
</gallery>
File:MPS Luigi.png|''[[Mario Party Superstars]]''
TSMBM Luigi.png|''[[The Super Mario Bros. Movie]]''
</gallery></i>


==Quotes==
==Quotes==
{{main|List of quotes by Luigi}}
{{main|List of Luigi quotes}}
*''"Oh, yeah!"'' - Various games
*"''Oh, yeah!''" - Various games
*''"Okey dokey!"'' - Various games
*"''Okey dokey!''" - Various games
*''"Let's-a go!"'' - Various games  
*"''Let's-a go!''" - Various games  
*''"Yay for me!"'' - ''[[Mario Party 9]]''
*"''Yay for me!''" - ''[[Mario Party 9]]''
*''"I'm-a Luigi, Number 1!" - ''[[Mario Kart 64]]''
*"''I'm-a Luigi, number one!''" - ''[[Mario Kart 64]]''
*''"Hello...?"'' - ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]/[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]''
*"''Hello...?''" - ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' / ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]''
*''"Come here, doggy."'' - ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]''
*"''Come here, [[Polterpup|doggy]].''" - ''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon''
*''"MARIO!!!"'' - ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]/[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]''
*"''MARIO!!!''" - ''Luigi's Mansion'' / ''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon''
*''"You wanna switch, bro?"'' - ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]/[[Super Mario Galaxy 2]]''
*"''You wanna switch, bro?''" - ''[[Super Mario Galaxy 2]]''
*''"Oh yeah, who's number one now? Luigi!"'' - ''[[Mario Kart: Double Dash!!]]''
*"''Oh yeah, who's number one now? Luigi!''" - ''[[Mario Kart: Double Dash!!]]''
*''"Oh, this look bad."'' - ''[[Mario Power Tennis]]''
*"''Oh, this look bad.''" - ''[[Mario Power Tennis]]''
*''"Thanks, bro!"'' - ''[[Super Mario 3D Land]]''
*"''Thanks, bro!''" - ''[[Super Mario 3D Land]]''
*''"Hey! You know what would look good? A spaceship with MY face on it!"'' - ''[[Fortune Street]]''
*"''Hey! You know what would look good? A spaceship with MY face on it!''" - ''[[Fortune Street]]''
*''"Yes! Luigi won!"'' - ''[[Mario Party 8]]''
*"''Yes! Luigi won!''" - ''[[Mario Party 8]]''
*''"Whew! Made it!"'' - ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]''
*"''Whew! Made it!''" - ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'' / ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' / ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]'' / ''[[New Super Luigi U]]'' / ''[[Super Mario Run]]''
*''"Oh, what happened?"'' - ''[[Mario Kart 8]]''
*"''Oh, what happened?''" - ''[[Mario Kart 8]] / [[Mario Kart 8 Deluxe]]
*''"Ha ha ha! I'm the best!"'' - ''[[Mario Party 4]]/[[Mario Party 5]]''
*"''Ha ha ha! I'm the best!''" - ''[[Mario Party 4]]'' / ''[[Mario Party 5]]''
 
*"''Nothing can hurt us...as long as we're together...!''" - ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Movie]]''
===Games===
* ''"Let's take a photo together!"'' - [[Super Nintendo World]]
===''Mario'' comics===
*''"Wowie zowie!"'' - ''[[Luigi's Mansion 3]]'' / ''[[Super Mario Bros. Wonder]]''
{{main|List of quotes in Mario Comics#Luigi}}
 
===''Mario'' cartoons===
;''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!''
{{main|List of quotes in The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!#Luigi}}
 
;''The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3''
{{main|List of quotes in The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3#Luigi}}
 
;''Super Mario World''
{{main|List of quotes in the Super Mario World television series#Luigi}}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Baby Luigi]]
*[[Baby Luigi]]
*[[Mr. L]]
*[[Mr. L]]
==Voice samples==
{{media table
|file1=MK64 Luigi Win.oga
|title1=''[[Mario Kart 64]]''
|description1="''I'm-a Luigi, number one!''" ([[Charles Martinet]], 1996)
|length1=0:03
|file3=Luigi Let'sGo SMBW.oga
|title3=''[[Super Mario Bros. Wonder]]''
|description3="''Let's-a go!''· ([[Kevin Afghani]], 2023)
|length3=0:01
}}


==Names in other languages==
==Names in other languages==
{{Foreignname
<!--To edit this table, access the "List of Luigi names in other languages" page and go to the "Luigi" section.-->
|Jap=ルイージ
{{main|List of Luigi names in other languages}}
|JapR=Ruīji
{{:List of Luigi names in other languages|transcludesection=Luigi}}
|JapM=Luigi
|Spa=Luigi
|SpaM=-
|Fra=Luigi
|FraM=-
|Dut=Luigi
|DutM=-
|Ger=Luigi
|GerM=-
|Ita=Luigi
|ItaM=-
|Por=Luigi
|PorM=-
|Kor=루이지
|KorR=Ruiji
|KorM=Luigi
|Chi=路易吉
|ChiR=Lùyìjí
|ChiM=Luigi
|Rus=Луиджи
|RusR=Luidzhi
|RusM=Luigi}}


==Trivia==
==Trivia==
*Coincidentally, "Luigi" translates to Italian as "famous warrior", which is ironic, seeing as Luigi is often portrayed as being the "lesser brother".
*Coincidentally, "Luigi" translates from Italian as "famous warrior," which is ironic or apt given the circumstance. Luigi is often portrayed as being the "lesser brother" and a coward, although he is an iconic video game hero as well.
*When Luigi is pretending to threaten the [[Waddle Dee]]s in his first cutscene in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'', a Western-like cover version of the ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' theme plays.
**The Japanese pronunciation of Luigi (ルイージ, ''Ruīji'') is also comparable to a Japanese word for similar ({{hover|類似|ルイジ}}, ''ruiji'') which is pronounced almost identically, save for a shorter "i" sound. This coincidentally matches Luigi having been created as a color swap of Mario.
*In the first page of the [[Nintendo Power]] magazine for ''Luigi's Mansion'', Luigi is accidently called [[Mario]]'s "older brother." This is probably a typo, as Luigi is known as the younger brother.
*A collectable ''[[Mario & Wario]]'' card mistakenly spells Luigi's name as "Ruigi", due to incorrectly transliterating his Japanese name (''Ruīji'').<ref>[https://jp.mercari.com/item/m96319774122 マリオとワリオ S&Bスナック G-4  メンコ?  ルイージ]. ''jp.mercari.com''. Retrieved March 3, 2023. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20230303054730/https://jp.mercari.com/item/m96319774122 Archived] March 3, 2023, 05:47:30 UTC via Wayback Machine.)</ref>
**A similar mistake can also be seen on artwork used in a 1985 Japanese guide for ''[[Wrecking Crew]]'', as an "R" is printed on Luigi's overalls.<ref>オロチ(Famicom Archivist) (June 9, 2022). [https://twitter.com/oroti_famicom/status/1535109172840509440 【マリオ無駄知識】 多くの日本人にとって「L」と「R」の違いなど重要ではありません。ファミリーコンピュータマガジン1985年9月号に掲載された『レッキングクルー』の攻略記事には「R」の文字が刻まれたオーバーオール姿のルイージが描かれています。彼は「Ruigi」ではなく「Luigi」なのに!]. ''Twitter''. Retrieved March 3, 2023. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20220610035903/https://twitter.com/oroti_famicom/status/1535109172840509440 Archived] June 10, 2022, 03:59:03 UTC via Wayback Machine.)</ref>
*In the first page of the ''[[Nintendo Power]]'' magazine for ''Luigi's Mansion'', Luigi is mistakenly referred to as [[Mario]]'s older brother.


==References==
==References==
{{niwa|SmashWiki=Luigi}}
{{NIWA|SmashWiki=1}}
<references/>
<references/>


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Latest revision as of 14:41, April 23, 2024

This article is about Mario's younger brother from the Super Mario franchise. For the portrayal of Luigi in the Super Mario Bros. film, see Luigi (film character). For his infant counterpart, see Baby Luigi.
Luigi
Artwork of Luigi in Mario Party Superstars
Artwork from Mario Party Superstars
Full name Luigi Mario[1]
Species Human
First appearance Mario Bros. (Game & Watch) (1983)
Latest appearance Super Mario RPG (Nintendo Switch) (2023)
Latest portrayal Kevin Afghani (2023–present)
“Eek! No one told me there would be gh-gh-ghosts here! I wish I'd brought my Poltergust 3000 with me.”
Luigi, Fortune Street

Luigi is Mario's younger but taller twin brother, the secondary protagonist of the Super Mario franchise, and the main protagonist of the Luigi's Mansion series. Throughout his life, he has lived in Mario's shadow, developing both cowardly and heroic tendencies. Despite this, Luigi has helped and fought alongside his brother on many occasions. Mario Bros. for the Game & Watch marks his first appearance, in which he is an exact copy of Mario. He went on to gain a different color and be used to facilitate a second-player option. However, as Luigi established himself throughout the Super Mario franchise, he gained his own identity as a character.

Creation and development

Luigi was created when Gunpei Yokoi set out to produce Mario Bros.[2][3] After observing the two-player competitive and cooperative gameplay of the arcade game Joust, he and Shigeru Miyamoto wished to incorporate a similar style of gameplay into their game.[4] Their answer to Joust's stork-riding player 2 was Luigi, a younger twin brother to Mario, with whom he could compete or cooperate. Like Mario, Luigi received his name from Nintendo of America. Coincidentally, his name was also noted to be similar to the Japanese word 「類似」 (ruiji), meaning "similar",[5] possibly a reference to how Luigi was originally a simple palette swap of Mario. With the 2-player mode in mind, Nintendo and publishing companies such as Atari gave Luigi immediate publicity, making him the star and center of attention in many advertisements for the game.[6][7]

Since his debut in 1983, Luigi has been constantly developing. Gameplay differences between him and Mario were first seen in Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels, which have been carried over into future games and have become standard for the character. After spending years as a palette swap of his brother, Luigi has consistently been given his own graphics since Super Mario Kart in 1992 to match his official appearance as Mario's taller, younger brother; though the American release of Super Mario Bros. 2 portrayed him in this way six years earlier. As he developed, Luigi gained more of a personality; it was as early as the DiC cartoons that Luigi was shown to be the more cautious of the two brothers, though it was not until Luigi's Mansion that this was truly and officially established.

In 2013, Luigi was the focus of the Year of Luigi, where in Nintendo released a number of themed games and merchandise and held events to honor the thirtieth anniversary of Luigi's first appearance in Mario Bros.

History

Main article: History of Luigi

Luigi has had a substantial history since his debut in Mario Bros. due to being a protagonist of the franchise. Like Mario and all other characters, his appearances are not limited to the core series, appearing in many spin-offs, literature, and animation.

General information

Concept and creation

The arcade game Mario Bros. incorporated a multiplayer mode, but due to memory restrictions, the second player character needed to have a sprite identical to the first. The development team thought of differentiating the second character by giving him different colors, but the color palette budget was similarly limited.[8] As a result, Luigi was conceived as a twin of Mario to explain his resemblance and he was made green to recycle the color palette of the Shellcreeper enemy.[8]

Physical description

Luigi from Mario Party Artwork of Luigi from Super Mario Party
Luigi's appearance from the Nintendo 64 era (left) and his current appearance (right)

Compared to Mario, Luigi is slimmer and taller. A pamphlet for Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyūshutsu Dai Sakusen! gives his height and weight as 158 cm (5 ft. 2 in.) and 62 kg (136 lbs.)[9] The Miis in Wii U version of Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games describe Luigi's mustache as "smooth", unlike Mario's "lumpy" mustache. Luigi's sideburn is also different, being a simple round shape while Mario's has an indentation, and his eyes are thinner than Mario's.

Luigi also wears clothes similar to Mario, but his shirt and cap are green instead of red. Layered over the shirt is blue overalls, which, starting with Luigi's Mansion, are a darker blue than Mario's. He also has brown work shoes, again darker than Mario's, with tan bottoms that reach above his ankles. He wears white gloves like Mario. Artwork however sometimes shows Luigi with the same color of blue overalls and brown shoes as Mario. The Luigi Cap is similar to the Mario Cap, being green instead of red and having an "L" replace Mario's signature "M"; the "L" was in italic from Mario Kart 64 to Luigi's Mansion for a few years. In some games, Luigi's cap does play some significance, such as in Super Mario 64 DS, where just like Mario's and Wario's caps, it can be stolen by Klepto and cause him to take extra damage so long as he is not wearing it. However, this does not occur in other games, such as Super Mario 3D Land and New Super Mario Bros. 2 after collecting the maximum number of lives.

The Mario & Luigi series up until Dream Team consistently depicted Luigi with overalls short enough to reveal his red-and-white striped socks, though the Nintendo 3DS remake Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey still shows these socks when his shoe falls off at the beginning of the game. Additionally, the green coloring on his clothing had more of a turquoise/teal color scheme.

Mario and Luigi's color preferences are reflected throughout the land in the form of various enemies, such as Koopa Troopas and Cheep Cheeps, who also come in red and green varieties. These foes even reflect the brothers' personalities, with red ones being more aggressive and green ones acting cautious. In fact, Mario and Luigi are not the only known red and green brothers, with similarly color-coded siblings including Cork and Cask, the Red and Green bridge guards, the Armored Harriers, Massif Bros., Elder & Junior Shrooboid and Gigi and Merri. When tattling the younger of the Armored Harriers, Goombella theorizes that it may be some sort of rule that younger brothers must wear green, offering a possible explanation for Luigi's trademark green shirt and cap.

Luigi in Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time.
Luigi's shorter overalls in the Mario & Luigi series showing his red/white socks

However, Luigi has not always chosen to wear his usual green and blue clothes. Mario Bros. originally dressed Luigi in a black shirt and green overalls, although artwork showed his shirt to be red. Shigeru Miyamoto stated that the green color of clothing for Luigi was inspired by the enemy Shellcreeper.[10] Wrecking Crew gave him a magenta pair of overalls and helmet, seemingly leaving him shirtless. Even Super Mario Bros. gave its Luigi a green shirt and white overalls (although Super Mario Bros. Deluxe replaced this with a less aberrant brown shirt and green overalls, leaving his original colors to Fire Luigi, who usually has an inverse scheme), even though his usual palette and appearance had emerged in artwork. Fire Luigi's palette in Super Mario Bros. uses the color scheme used by Fire Mario. In both Super Mario Adventures and Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, Luigi wears Princess Peach's dress as a disguise.

Luigi originated as being a palette swap of Mario in his earlier adventures. This applies to Mario Bros., Wrecking Crew, Super Mario Bros., Super Mario Bros. 3, Super Mario World, Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island, and in a few versions of Mario is Missing!. Luigi's first depiction as taller and thinner is in Famicom Grand Prix II: 3D Hot Rally, although Luigi's first unique sprites came in Super Mario Bros. 2, in which his artwork appearance conveniently coincided with the tall Mama's sprite. Nintendo of Japan would not adapt Luigi's artwork differences to his in-game sprite until Super Mario Kart, although Luigi's various models have been unique almost ever since, even in remakes of games where he was originally a palette swap (such as Super Mario All-Stars, Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World, Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2, and Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3). However, Luigi's appearance in Super Mario Maker 2's Super Mario Bros. and Super Mario Bros. 3 styles revert to depicting him as a palette swap of Mario - most likely in order to be faithful to his original designs - though in the Super Mario Bros. 3 style, his color scheme is a darker shade of green; on an interesting note, his fire form's colors in both styles are reimagined. In the game's Super Mario World style, Luigi's unique head shape from Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World is retained, though his body shape and his animations revert to those in Super Mario World.

Both Mario and Luigi have been described as "cutesy," to the extent that Shigeru Miyamoto considered redesigning them to "become a bit more grown-up" in the GameCube era—for instance, by removing their trademark V sign.[11] However, aside from growing more realistic as graphics have advanced, Luigi and his brother have changed little over the years, and continue to flash the V sign, albeit to a much lesser extent.

Luigi's appearance does, however, tend to lend itself to heavy stylization. The Luigi's Mansion graphical team took it upon themselves to animate every part of Luigi to convey emotion,[12] resulting in such exaggerations to his body as head-expanding screams during boss cutscenes and complete flattenings by fake doors. The Super Smash Bros. series applies Luigi's cowardice to his actions, making most of his attacks look reckless and unwilling and giving him awkward movements, securing his official title as the series' "dreamy, comical poster boy."[13]

In The Super Mario Bros. Movie, Luigi's appearance receives a few changes. He has more detail on his clothing and hair, and his head is more realistic. In addition, his overall buttons are smaller, similar to Mario.

Luigi's appearance has changed quite a bit throughout the Super Smash Bros. series. In the original Super Smash Bros., Luigi's overalls are indigo, with his entire appearance being original. In Super Smash Bros. Melee, Luigi borrows his appearance from Nintendo 64-era artwork, right down to having a tan complexion; Luigi's overalls are now their standard navy blue color, though they receive denim textures and back pockets. In Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Luigi uses his contemporary look, though his overalls have further pronounced textures, while his hair and other clothing receive simple detailing. In Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U, Luigi's model is sleeker and more vibrant, while his hair and clothing lose most of their detailing. In Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, Luigi receives simple detailing in his hair and clothing once again, albeit not to the same extent as in Super Smash Bros. Brawl.

Luigi has a total of eight selectable costumes to date in the Super Smash Bros. series, with 4 in Super Smash Bros. and Super Smash Bros. Melee, 6 in Super Smash Bros. Brawl, and 8 in Super Smash Bros. for 3DS / Wii U and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate. In Smash 64 and Melee, Luigi had his first three costumes introduced; the first costume consists of green overalls and a white undershirt and cap, which are derived from Fire Luigi's colors; the second costume consists of blue overalls and a cyan undershirt and cap, resembling Mario's appearance on the American boxart for Mario Bros.; lastly, Luigi's third alternate costume consists of red overalls and a pink undershirt and cap, resembling his appearance in Wrecking Crew. In Brawl, Luigi's fourth and fifth alternate costumes were introduced: the former consists of blue overalls and an orange undershirt and cap, resembling Mario's appearance on the boxart for Pinball; the latter consists of dark indigo overalls and a purple undershirt and cap, based off of Waluigi's colors. In 3DS / Wii U, Luigi's sixth and seventh alternate costumes are introduced: the former consists of blue overalls, a dark blue cap, and a garbage green undershirt; the latter consists of teal overalls, and a dull yellow undershirt and cap; neither of these costumes have inspirations.

In Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020, Luigi wears different outfits depending on the sport or activity being played. He can wear a green tank top with white stripes, which, depending on the event, may also have short sleeves, with black shorts, white socks, and green sneakers that are the same ones he wore in Mario Tennis Aces; a green, white, and black wetsuit while barefooted; a karate gi; black swimming trunks with a green stripe while shirtless; or, in certain events, his normal outfit.

Personality

A nervous Luigi, walking with a flashlight in Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon.
Luigi has a cowardly personality, but can be brave when prompted.

Luigi is portrayed as a frail, clumsy, self-conscious, and timid person who is most afraid of ghosts, but is kind-hearted and heroic. He overcomes his fears and acts like a hero when necessary, such as when someone or his homeland is in danger or needs help. In keeping with his personality-based Power Flower, a sign in Big Boo's Haunt in Super Mario 64 DS describes Luigi as "wispy." In several Super Mario sports titles, the Mario Kart series, and especially the Mario & Luigi series, Luigi is shown to get emotional at times, as he cries easily. Though he showed several instances of cowardice in early non-game media such as The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!, Luigi's Mansion exemplifies his skittishness (aside from a few hints in Paper Mario) and has carried over to almost all of Luigi's subsequent appearances.

A few Paper Mario games portray a bolder Luigi. In Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, he is more arrogant and boastful while telling long and elaborate stories, which Mario and his partner fall asleep to; his partners claim his stories are heavily embellished. The novelizations of his escapades describe them with even more flowery exaggerations, stating for instance that he played an earth spirit in the Jazzafrazz Town Drama Slam (whereas, according to Hayzee, he played grass on the side of the road,) and that he awoke Cranberry with "a soft call" (which his partners claim is instead a sneeze).

Another recurring element of Luigi's personality is his apparent complex of being overlooked compared to Mario. Although his Superstar status has earned him many fans, including an entire fan club led by Toadia and multiple supporting Toads (one of which claims to be his biggest fan in Super Mario 64 DS), even Bowser and the Koopa Troop have occasional trouble with remembering his name (as seen in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga), and he appears to be almost unknown in the Beanbean Kingdom. Although Luigi's biggest reactions to his frequent overlookings in the Mario & Luigi series are a few "…"s and face-faults, his inattention was played up for comic relief in Paper Mario, where he complains about being left behind and perpetually trains for that elusive next adventure. Luigi's bio in Mario Party 5 states that he has been gaining popularity in recent years.

Luigi's state of being in the shadow of his brother shows strongly in Super Smash Bros. Brawl. For instance, the North American version of the game implies that his Final Smash in that game, Negative Zone, seemed to have developed because of living in his brother's shadow and represents his negative feelings about being overshadowed by him for this long and the darkest thoughts that developed with time. Despite this, however, the Negative Zone would later be replaced, and Masahiro Sakurai did not intend to play up Luigi's overshadowed status, instead aiming to make him "everyone's favorite man in green."[13] Luigi's state in the shadow of Mario is present in other Super Smash Bros. games, since the original Super Smash Bros. addresses him as the "eternal understudy" when he is unlocked; Super Smash Bros. Melee also refers to him in a similar manner, and his cinematic in the game's Adventure Mode shows him Footstool Jumping on Mario, signifying his jealousy of his brother. In Super Smash Bros. for Wii U, whenever a Palutena's Guidance conversation is activated when fighting against Luigi, Viridi and Palutena are quick to point out Luigi's status as "number two" in relativity to Mario, even though Pit held him in a higher regard. Despite the fact that he is not seen with the same regard as Mario, Luigi is very loyal to him, and his love for his brother pushes him to help him when he's in danger regardless of his fears, including defeating his nemesis, King Boo, multiple times to save Mario.

The Super Smash Bros. series also portrays Luigi more of a coward and buffoon than in his home series, including his awkward attack animations, and in a cutscene in The Subspace Emissary, he acts afraid of Waddle Dees, which are normally harmless.

In Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time, the Star Temple gate (which supposedly knows all) passes Luigi as "unworthy" to enter. It also mentions that Luigi did something either embarrassing or foolish which he has kept a secret ever since. However, in an interview with a localizer Nate Bihldorff, he stated that Luigi had no dark secret, and it was actually a reference to Luigi's constantly living in the shadow of his brother. "The point of the scene," Bihldorff said, "was to build Luigi up 'as a guy who was always living in the shadow of his older brother and that he needs to break out of that mold sometimes. But the way the text was originally phrased, it definitely made him sound like he had some deep dark secret that was awful. I think the powers that be were looking at it like, 'We don't want to paint Luigi as a bad guy here.''"[14] Even the game itself makes a straightforward point that Luigi has a large heart, as proven when he hits the Aurora Block and it grows to a gigantic size, flattening him.

In Luigi's Mansion, when analyzing objects with the Game Boy Horror, Luigi is shown to be concerned about cleanliness, often complaining about the abundance of dust and moth holes in the mansion and saying that it would never pass the white glove test. He also hates animal cruelty and when animals are skinned as hunting trophies, reacting in horror and disgust to the embalmed animal heads and animal pelts scattered in the Safari Room. It is also shown that Mario and Luigi wash their hats differently: Luigi washes his hat by hand and disapproves of Mario washing his in a washing machine, thinking that it is a waste. He is also refined and enjoys art, which is also shown in Mario Superstar Baseball and Mario Super Sluggers, where some of his possible teams' names are the Luigi Gentlemen in the former and the Luigi Knights in the latter.

He is also shown at times to be clumsy. Luigi often trades his jumping skills with slippery traction. He is also accident-prone as evidenced in the Mario & Luigi games and in the ending of New Super Mario Bros. Wii, where he accidentally locked himself out of the hot air balloon that Peach and Mario were on while waving goodbye to the Toads, and also ended up collapsing while trying to enter the hot air balloon, due to it having flown off. Several key art and cutscenes show Luigi being involved in accidents or misfortune such as his getting inked by a Blooper in Mario Kart DS, dropping baseballs in Mario Super Sluggers, getting hit by a Spiny in promotional art, and getting attacked by a Piranha Plant in key art for Super Nintendo World. Luigi's clumsiness also helped set the entire plot of Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam in motion when he accidentally bumps into a bookshelf after he gets startled from a Scaredy-Rat. In Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, he accidentally bumps one of his partners, Blooey the Blooper, into a volcano while trying to stop evil, burning him to a golden crisp. His clumsiness is particularly emphasized in Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon, which director Bryce Holliday stated was drawn from the 1990 British comedy series Mr. Bean.[15] In contrast, Luigi can be very agile and can do many stunts Mario can not, often jumping higher than Mario and perform special jumping-related abilities such as scuttling.

Luigi's neutral focused expression in Mario Kart 8, read as sneering by internet onlookers, has given rise to an Internet meme in which Luigi is depicted as sour and relentless, seemingly rejoicing when his opponents are sabotaged during races.[16] Dubbed "Luigi's Death Stare", the meme has been acknowledged and embraced by Nintendo as a facet of his character: in one instance, a screenshot of Mario Kart 8 Deluxe showing Luigi being pursued by a Red Shell is humorously described by Nintendo Australia and New Zealand as "Unstoppable force meets immovable object."[17][18]

Speech

Luigi's voice is thinner, deeper and more nasal than Mario's, with a thick Italian accent. When he talks, he often awkwardly and nervously stammers, indicating timidity and a lack of confidence, such as during his recording to promote Year of Luigi.[19] Like Mario, he often refers to himself in the third person. According to Charles Martinet, who voiced Luigi from Mario Kart 64 to Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope, the character's voice originated from requests from audiences to speak to him during Mario in Real Time events. Because Luigi did not have a rigged model for the attraction, Martinet devised a voice that he could perform while keeping his face as still as possible (and thus not activating the motion-capture technology used to animate Mario), giving the illusion that Luigi was communicating from offscreen.[20]

Early on in Super Mario history, Luigi did not have any voice acting, due to technical limitations on the NES and SNES. Luigi also didn't receive text dialogue, making him silent like his brother. However, Luigi received voice acting in the 1986 Super Mario anime film, as well as the Amada Anime Mario Series (1987-1989), though he exclusively speaks in Japanese. Luigi first spoke English in The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!, where he spoke with a Brooklyn accent, provided by Danny Wells; Luigi later spoke with the same accent in future DIC Entertainment cartoons, though he is portrayed by Tony Rosato, who provides a higher, yet raspier voice than Wells. Luigi also spoke with this accent in the PC and CD-ROM versions of Mario is Missing!, making this the first game to give him voice acting. Four years later in Mario Kart 64, Luigi received two voice actors: Charles Martinet in overseas versions, and Julien Bardakoff in the Japanese version. The former provides him with a soft voice and strong Italian accent, while the latter provides him with a higher-pitched, less evident accent. Julien Bardakoff reprises his role as Luigi in Mario Party, Mario Party 2, and Mario Kart: Super Circuit. In most games, Charles Martinet voices Luigi, and had portrayed him until his shift to Mario Ambassador in 2023. In more recent games like Luigi's Mansion 3 and Mario Kart Tour, his voice has become raspier, deeper and even more nasal due to Martinet aging.

However, Martinet's portrayal of Luigi has varied. Despite having a unique voice since Mario Kart 64, the first two Super Smash Bros. games have Luigi use higher-pitched versions of Mario's voice clips, with his clip for using Luigi Cyclone being directly taken from the latter. Luigi's Mansion retains his unique voice, though it sounds higher in pitch, and somewhat akin to Mario's. However, all future installments, including recent Super Smash Bros. games, give him his distinct voice that is lower in pitch than Mario's (though like him, he has a considerably deeper voice in contemporary Super Smash Bros. games).

In most modern Super Mario games, Luigi speaks via catchphrases such as "Ho-ho!", "Let's-a go!", "Yahoo!", "Oh yeah!", and "Mamma mia!", as well as "It's-a me, Luigi!", a variation of Mario's famous quote. In the Paper Mario series, Luigi is mostly silent aside from the odd grunt, though he receives text dialogue to represent what he is saying; in the first three games, Luigi speaks English without an accent, though Paper Mario: Color Splash gives him an Italian accent while speaking. In the Mario & Luigi series, Luigi speaks through unintelligible gibberish that only in-game characters can understand.

Two months before the release of Super Mario Bros. Wonder, Charles Martinet retired from voicing characters in the franchise, and Kevin Afghani succeeded him in voicing Mario, Luigi and Wario, with Afghani's take on Luigi being near-identical to Martinet's.

Age

Artwork of the Stork carrying Baby Mario and Baby Luigi in Yoshi's New Island
The stork, carrying the newborn Mario Bros. to their parents

While Luigi was conceived as an identical twin during the development of Mario Bros., Nintendo introduced him simply as Mario's younger brother. In early media, when the franchise was not fully established, Luigi was described as Mario's much younger brother. In the pamphlet for Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyūshutsu Dai Sakusen!, his age is estimated to be around 23, two years younger than Mario.[9] "Family Album 'The Early Years'" implies that Luigi was born after Mario by several years.

However, Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island and Yoshi Touch & Go[21] describe the brothers as twins. The reissue of the former, Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3, does not explicitly call them twins, but it notes that Luigi is Mario's younger brother, carried to their parents at the same time.

Many video game sources still refer to Luigi as the younger brother, indicating that Luigi may have been the second born twin. For example, in Super Paper Mario, Luvbi refers to Mario and Luigi as twins at the end of chapter 7-1. Despite the small age difference, Luigi directly refers to Mario as "big bro" in the same game on more than one occasion. Also, while Luigi's Trophy description in Super Smash Bros. Brawl also referred to him as "younger twin brother," Colonel Roy Campbell calls Luigi a "kid brother" to Snake during Snake's Codec conversation in the same game. In the Mario cartoon series, Luigi playfully refers to Mario as his "little big brother," likely due to their height difference. Since Mario is stated to be 26 years old in the Japanese version of Super Smash Bros. Melee and 24 or 25 by Shigeru Miyamoto,[22] then, provided it is correct, Luigi is the same age.

Powers and abilities

Luigi's abilities are usually exactly the same as Mario's, such as in Mario Bros., Super Mario Bros., and Super Mario World so as to not give players advantages over each other. In most instances where one player can choose between the two brothers, however, Luigi is given his own gameplay quirks. This first occurred in Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels, where Luigi can jump higher than Mario but has lower traction and speed. In the American Super Mario Bros. 2, Luigi once again features the highest jump, but comparatively low speed and power. Luigi's high jumps but low traction would return in Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2, which, unlike its original version, allowed players to switch between Mario and Luigi at any time on the map screen. In three-dimensional adventures, such as Super Mario 64 DS, Super Mario Galaxy, and Super Mario Galaxy 2 Luigi is usually faster than Mario (at the cost of poorer acceleration), but retains his classic high jumps and poor traction. In addition, when either carrying a large object on his back, or when left extremely terrified, his jumping abilities are reduced significantly to the extent of appearing inferior to Mario's. This is best demonstrated during the climax of Luigi's Mansion 3 where the two brothers are racing to the top of the hotel to locate Peach. Mario in particular is able to cross large gaps up the stairs with a single bound, while by contrast, Luigi has to hug the wall to cross over to the other side.

As aforementioned, Luigi has a higher top speed, but poorer acceleration than his brother in Super Mario 64 DS, along with poor traction and increased agility. In this game, the two brothers are the fastest in all speeds. Luigi's jumps are perhaps at their strongest in this game; not only can Luigi jump higher than his brother, but he can also scuttle to slow his fall. His backflip has the same effect as being caught in a tornado or stomping a Fly Guy, allowing for a very slow descent. Unlike Mario, however, Luigi cannot Wall Jump in this game. As a result of his agility and lightness, Luigi can walk on water for a short time. Luigi's Power Flower ability is Vanish Luigi, allowing him to disappear for invincibility and the ability to walk through certain obstacles.

In Super Paper Mario, Luigi's specialty is the Spring Jump, which sends him just off the screen to bound over obstacles and damage enemies mid-air. His standard jumps are also higher than any other character's and he has lower traction once more. However, the player can simply press down to stop instantly in this game (due to his Spring Jump).

Electricity is sometimes depicted as Luigi's answer to Mario's fire. In Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, Luigi is given the ability to harness and release electricity with a technique known as the Thunderhand, alongside his other specialty, the High Jump, to coincide with Mario's Spin Jump. This is referenced in Super Paper Mario with Mr. L's nickname of "The Green Thunder," and in Mario Strikers Charged where Luigi's Mega Strike involves controlling plasma.

Luigi is often associated to ice as a polar opposite to Mario's fire. Ice Luigi's special item in Mario Kart Arcade GP DX is an Ice Ball, and in Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U, Ice Balls are one of Luigi's custom moves, serving as the second variation for his Fireball. In Mario Golf: Super Rush, Luigi's Special Shot is Ice Flower Freeze, and his Special Dash in Speed Golf is Speed-Skate Dash; both moves involve Luigi taking out an Ice Flower and transforming into his Ice form, while in the latter case, he ice-skates along the course while leaving behind an ice trail (similar to his Ice form from Super Mario Galaxy). Unlockable sports gear in Mario Sports Superstars uses Ice Flowers as Luigi's emblem, referencing his ice abilities.

Aside from this, Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga also depicts him as being good at acting and disguises, as he dressed up as Princess Peach via her extra dress, with his acting being convincing enough that both Fawful and Bowletta ended up tricked into swapping out the real Peach with Luigi. An earlier instance of such was in Super Mario Adventures, which showed Luigi dressing as Peach and a nurse, with both disguises being convincing enough to fool a Big Boo, Bowser, and the Koopalings.

Occasionally, Luigi utilizes tornadoes against his foes. In Super Mario Strikers, Luigi's Super Strike is the Vicious Vortex, which has him surrounded in a green vortex before kicking the Soccer Ball. Luigi's Star Swing in Mario Super Sluggers is the Tornado Swing, which has him swing the ball while it is engulfed in a tornado. In Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, Luigi's down special, Luigi Cyclone, has a vortex appear around him, shared with Dr. Mario's Dr. Tornado.

In addition to actual gameplay differences, Luigi often executes his moves differently than his brother. In Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World, Luigi jumps with his legs back and descends with them forward, kneels when sliding, and appears to spit fireballs rather than throwing them. The Super Smash Bros. series and Mario Kart: Double Dash!! give Luigi green fireballs, and in the former games his fireballs levitate. Perhaps most famously, Luigi's jumping animation in Super Mario Bros. 2 is merely his walking animation sped up; although Luigi's "kicking" jumps were momentarily ignored, they returned in the Super Mario Advance series, complete with a high-pitched warbling sound effect in Super Mario Advance 2 and 4. Luigi's aforementioned scuttle from Super Mario 64 DS also involves walking in mid-air, and he "kicks" during his Triple Jump in Super Mario Galaxy and Super Mario Galaxy 2 instead of flipping like Mario.

Luigi has also exhibited many unique traits in various sports and spin-off games, despite usually being a balance character like his brother. In games such as Mario Kart Wii, Luigi has a higher top speed than Mario, but has lower handling and acceleration. In the Mario Golf series, Luigi hits with less power than his brother but features better control, although his shots consistently curve left. Luigi is slightly faster than Mario in Mario Superstar Baseball, and reveals his special pitch and swing (the Tornado Ball and Tornado Swing, respectively) in Mario Super Sluggers. Luigi is shown to be a good breakdancer in Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games; whenever he gets a gold medal, he breakdances like Sonic, and in the events Sychronized Swimming, Figure Skating, and Rhythmic Ribbon, he is shown to be flexible and a good gymnast because of his long legs.

Roles taken

Though Luigi is a heroic character in the Super Mario games, he is usually made as a sidekick to Mario, although in some media and games he is referred to as a partner. In the Mario & Luigi games, he is the cowardly partner to Mario, and is occasionally forced to be brave. He is the hero of a separate adventure the player does not get to play or see in Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, where he is a coward who changes the story to make himself look more heroic. In Super Paper Mario he was not a sidekick, but rather one of the four heroes, which made him equal to Mario. He was also brainwashed by Nastasia to become a villain, Mr. L, and was later brainwashed again by Dimentio to become Super Dimentio, the final boss. His sidekick role was completely different in Mario is Missing!, Luigi's Mansion and its sequel, where he was the sole main character who had to rescue Mario. He has also taken the role of a doctor, similar to his brother, as shown in Dr. Luigi. Overall, Luigi's role in games is usually the same as Mario's when they appear together.

Relationships

Family

Main article: Mario and Luigi's family
The cover of Super Mario Wisdom Games Picture Book 3: Luigi's secret (「スーパーマリオちえあそびえほん 3 ルイージの ひみつ」).
Luigi has a close and caring relationship with his older but shorter brother Mario, if not occasionally competing against him.
Luigi and Mario
Luigi and Mario hug after reuniting with each other in Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam

Mario is Luigi's older but shorter twin brother. Luigi often accompanies him on his adventures, most prominently in the Mario & Luigi series. While there is some sibling rivalry between the two[23], with Luigi sometimes feeling jealous and overshadowed by his brother, he also admires and looks up to him, wishing to be "a great plumber like his brother Mario" in Super Mario RPG, and he is very loyal to him, helping him out whenever he can and fighting by his side against several enemies. As twins, the two share a brotherly bond so strong that when they were babies, it functioned telepathically, as Baby Mario could sense where his brother was after they were separated by Kamek and his minions. The brothers still keep their strong brotherly love and their tight-knit bond in adulthood, as they share a house and frequently help and save each other, both showing to be very protective of each other. In the Mario & Luigi series, they often hug each other when they reunite after getting separated, relieved that the other is alright, and if one of the brothers is defeated and loses consciousness during a battle, the other one will panic and carry his fainted brother on his shoulders while being on the defensive or running away, at the cost of being weighed down and reacting slower when countering with his hammer or dodging with a jump.

While Mario is generally the more heroic and active of the two, Luigi too saved him on multiple occasions, starting with Mario is Missing! and subsequently in games such as Luigi's Mansion and its sequels, fighting his arch-enemy King Boo and facing his fear of ghosts on three different occasions to rescue him, the Toads and Peach, adamantly refusing to escape without saving his brother and his friends first. Mario is shown to be proud of Luigi when he is rescued: in Dark Moon, he calls Luigi "number one" while energically shaking his hand and says, "That's my bro," and in Luigi's Mansion 3, he says "Way to go" both times he is rescued, and when they reunite before the final showdown against King Boo, Mario is so overjoyed to see that Luigi has come to save him once again that he rushes to Luigi and gives him a big hug to thank him.

In Super Mario Odyssey, Luigi shows himself to be very supportive of his brother's decisions when it comes to fashion choices. When talking to Luigi before starting the Balloon World minigame, Luigi will often comment on Mario's current costume, stating that he "looks good" in the outfit he wears, even when some frighten him. When Mario wears Peach's Wedding Dress, his own groom tux, or Bowser's Tuxedo, Luigi will comment with surprise that he didn't know Mario was about to get married, only for him to realize that Mario is only wearing that outfit for fun, then respecting his decision to wear the outfit. Dream Team reveals that Luigi's deepest motivation for persevering through fearsome situations is his love for his brother, shown in his subconscious from Dream's Deep with inner thoughts such as "Big bro in danger!" and "I gotta help my bro!" This is also shown in the Luigi's Mansion series, where despite his fear of ghosts, he persists in searching for Mario.

Just as Luigi shows a strong brotherly love to him, Mario also loves his brother dearly, considering him a special person. In Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story, he willing to give him proper credit for his heroism when it is due, like when they defeated the Shroobs, and declares to Princess Lipid that his brother is worth more than a treasure to him, and in Partners in Time, when the Star Gate badmouths Luigi and causes him to burst out crying, Mario objects in anger and takes his brother's defense, with his baby self even going as far as repeatedly whacking the gate with his hammer, though it turns out that it was only to test Mario and the babies' loyalty to him. Mario and Luigi are often partners in spin-offs and in Mario Superstar Baseball and its sequel Mario Super Sluggers, which have the Chemistry mechanic, they have good chemistry, working well together. Even when they hit each other in the Mario & Luigi series to access new areas or to perform some attacks, they trust each other to do so.

The strong brotherly love between Mario and Luigi is also a prominent part of The Super Mario Bros. Movie. When Luigi was bullied during their childhood, Mario protected him by attacking who was responsible, and he has as a strong admiration of him ever since then, constantly praising him and staying by his side in every step of the way despite not always agreeing with his reckless and risky decisions. As his big brother, Mario has always been very protective of Luigi, protecting him from bullies and dangers, and in turn, Luigi reassures him that he's not a weight to him when he confides in him about his insecurities. Also, Mario often calls Luigi "Lu", a nickname he uses as a show of affection to him. When Bowser indirectly mentions Princess Peach, of whom he's obsessively in love with, and asks him if she would find Mario attractive, he responds by saying that she would if she's a girl with good tastes, indirectly showcasing that he will always support Mario's relationship with Peach if they end up together. While he takes on Bowser to protect the Mushroom Kingdom, Mario self-imposed objective is not to defeat him, but to save his brother, and after Luigi almost falls to his death in the lava and is barely saved by him, Mario is on the verge of tears as he hugs him tight. Even though Luigi isn't as much as a fighter as Mario, he can still be just as protective of him, as seen with how he faces his fears and saves Mario's life by blocking Bowser's Fire Breath with a manhole, giving them enough time to grab the Super Star and defeat him together. After they get separated, they constantly think about each other, with Mario mentioning during his second night in the Mushroom Kingdom that they had never been apart for such a long time, and their website and other media about the movie also refer to them as each other's best friend. Like in the games, they share a bedroom, both in their old apartment in Brooklyn, where they lived with their family, and at the end of the movie, after moving out in a new house in the Mushroom Kingdom.

Although Luigi and Mario generally have positive interactions with each other, some media do show sibling conflict, mostly due to sibling rivalry and how they get competitive with each other. In Mario Power Tennis, when Luigi wins a match, he is congratulated by Mario, though the latter intentionally steps on Luigi's foot and squirms his own foot against it, which leaves Luigi looking confused and uneasy for what happened. Mario and Luigi's heated argument is the central plot for the episode "Oh, Brother!" in The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3, with Mario getting kidnapped and forced to attack him because of a mind-control helmet afterwards, but Luigi saves him after successfully overloading the device and the brothers make up, promising to not get into fights with each other ever again. In a Super Paper Mario adaptation in Super Mario-kun, Mario has pleaded a brainwashed Mr. L to recall the "fond memories" he had with his brother, only for Mr. L to humorously remember the very unpleasant experiences with Mario and get angrier. One of Super Mario Maker 2's title screen animations show Mario cautiously trying to take a key away from Luigi only for the latter to run away with the key, and for Mario to forcefully take the key from Luigi. Performing an action with either the hammer or Hand Powers on the leading brother in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga before unlocking the map-related skill causes him to get angry and scold the other, and in Partners in Time, after everyone lose consciousness from falling into the Gritzy Caves and Baby Mario smacks Luigi in the head with his hammer to wake him up, he gets enraged and gives him a stern scolding, accidentally making the babies cry, and Mario has a minor argument with his brother after waking up to this scene, reprimanding him for causing the babies to cry, resulting in Luigi bursting into tears as well.

Overall, while Luigi does feel jealous of Mario due to him being in his brother's shadow and their fame inequality, he does not complain much about it and is always available to help him in the times of need, protecting his friends and the Mushroom Kingdom by his side and keeping a very strong and healthy relationship with him.

While they are rarely shown, Mario and Luigi's father and mother are referenced a number of times, though Mama Mario appears in several episodes of The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!, and both of Mario and Luigi's parents make a full appearance in The Super Mario Bros. Movie. Several other relatives are also mentioned or shown in various medias, such as their aunts, uncles (including Uncle Arthur and Uncle Tony from the 2023 film), grandparents, and cousins.

Friends

One of Luigi's closest friends is Yoshi, and the two are often referred to as "The Green Team" when partnered up in spin-offs, although in the Mario Baseball, series their chemistry is only neutral. Their relationship is much closer in the Super Mario World TV Show, which depicted Yoshi as having originally thought Luigi was his mother and still enjoys hearing Luigi tell him bedtime stories, as seen in the episode Mama Luigi. He is also good friends with Toad, although they are not quite as close as Toad is with Mario, and while other Toads are almost unanimous in their praise and adoration of Mario, their opinions on Luigi vary greatly between individuals. Some are unabashed fans of Luigi, with one in Super Mario 64 DS even asserting that "We'll have to call you the Luigi Brothers soon!", while others are disbelieving that Luigi measures up to Mario due to his clumsiness and fearful nature, with one going so far as to call him "The world's most inept and least charismatic brother". Similarly, Luigi's relationship with Starlow is far less cordial than she is with Mario, with her often belittling and mistreating him, but at the same time acknowledging that despite not being as great as Mario, he is still a hero in his own way. As seen in both Dream Team and Paper Jam, she has grown fond of him over time, though she still has the tendency to tease him.

This picture is sent to the Wii Message Board once Luigi gets all 121 Power Stars and talks to Mailtoad
Luigi's picture with Rosalina

Princess Peach is another one of Luigi's good friends, with him often accompanying Mario on quests to rescue her from Bowser, the two sharing good chemistry in Mario Superstar Baseball, and overall friendly behavior seen between them, occasionally overlapping with hints of romantic attraction as well. Luigi is seen swooning over Peach after she blows a kiss in her Mario Power Tennis victory scene, and in games where Luigi can be substituted for his brother, her interactions with him are the same as they would be with Mario, such as rewarding him with a kiss at the end of most Super Mario platformers, or even being referred to as "special one" by Rosalina in Super Mario Galaxy. Overall, however, the two are portrayed as simple friends, with Daisy serving as Luigi's main love interest, although he has also expressed interest in the unseen Princess Eclair of the Waffle Kingdom. He has also been speculated to have an interest in Rosalina owing to the fact that he and Rosalina are photographed together just as Peach and Mario were pictured together in the image sent by the Mailtoad in Grand Finale Galaxy, and to the fact that he only gives Mario the Green Stars he collected in Battlerock Galaxy if Mario tells Rosalina they are from Luigi.

Statue of Luigi and Princess Daisy from Daisy Circuit in Mario Kart Wii.
A fountain from Daisy Circuit depicting a statue of Luigi and Daisy. (Mario Kart Wii)

It has been stated that Luigi has a crush on Daisy, and the attraction appears to be mutual. In Daisy's second appearance in the Super Mario franchise, NES Open Tournament Golf, she served as Luigi's caddy, just as Peach was caddying for Mario, and as her trophy in Super Smash Bros. Melee points out, since that point "some gossips started portraying her as Luigi's answer to Mario's Peach". They are often paired up in spin-off games: they are seen golfing together in Mario Golf Toadstool Tour, are "buddy players" with good chemistry in the Mario Baseball series, they appear together in the Miracle Book pages from Mario Party 6, and in Mario Kart Wii, there is a giant, golden statue on the Daisy Circuit that shows the two holding hands and dancing together, along with another of their respective younger counterparts: Baby Luigi and Baby Daisy. Their team names from the Mario Party series include "Steady Sweeties" and "Tango Tanglers", and when Daisy received her trophy from Luigi in Mario Power Tennis, she says, "Hey, sweetie! I'll take that".

Another one of Luigi's friendships can also be seen with Professor E. Gadd. Although the only interactions between them are not frequent, they work very well together. E. Gadd shows much trust in Luigi, despite Luigi's cowardly nature. Throughout Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon, E. Gadd jokingly holds Luigi in low regards, though he also states to be proud of him for courageously exploring the hostile ghost filled mansions as well as defeating the various Possessor ghosts. Luigi was also devastated to see E. Gadd trapped in a painting in Luigi's Mansion 3, showing that Luigi cares about his well-being, as well as understanding that E. Gadd can help him save the others.

Luigi is shown to get along with his Rabbid counterpart, because they are willing to cooperate in order to defeat the Megabug, and restore order to the Mushroom Kingdom. Group artwork for Mario + Rabbids Kingdom Battle shows the two characters posing together, while their in-game interactions are also friendly. Rabbid Luigi even possesses a few similarities to Luigi, such as being timid and polite in personality, as well as favoring long-ranged over close-quarter combat. In Mario & Sonic at London 2012 Olympic Games, Luigi is shown to be good friends with Miles "Tails" Prower, with them having a special victory animation in the sequels; later on, in Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020, the two sidekicks would not hesitate to team up in order to rescue Mario and Sonic from the Tokyo64.

Enemies/Rivals

King Boo, looking at Luigi from Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon
King Boo intimidates Luigi.

Though Bowser's main rivalry is with Mario, he views Luigi as almost as great of a threat as his brother in games such as Super Mario Galaxy and its sequel. At other times, Bowser has trouble even remembering Luigi's name, particularly in the Mario & Luigi series where he often defaults to calling him "Green 'Stache" (although Bowser finally calls Luigi by his real name at the end of Mario & Luigi: Dream Team). Rather than Bowser, Luigi's arch-nemesis is actually King Boo, whom he met and defeated single-handedly in Luigi's Mansion when the ghost king kidnapped Mario. King Boo would later try to get revenge in Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon and Luigi's Mansion 3, and the rivalry can be seen in other series as well, such as the Mario Baseball games, in which Luigi (along with Mario) shares bad chemistry with the Boo king, Super Mario 64 DS, where King Boo (known as Big Boo in the English version) was the one keeping the key locking Luigi away, and the Adventure Tour of Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Winter Games, where King Boo selects Luigi to face him in Polatraits due to the latter's fear of ghosts.

Another heated rivalry exists between Luigi and Waluigi, with the two sharing bad chemistry in all the games they appear in together, and acting hostile and rude towards each other, such as Luigi making a gesture at Waluigi to anger him in Mario Tennis, the two scowling at each other in the Mario Party 3 group picture, and Waluigi's vandalism of Luigi's picture in the opening movie of Mario Power Tennis. Waluigi is constantly seen harassing Luigi, whether by humiliating him during the sports competition, following him wherever he goes, or even directly confronting him. The origins of their animosity is unknown, however jealousy may be a factor, as both Luigi and Waluigi have a crush on Princess Daisy, who rejects Waluigi. Luigi himself, while he despises Waluigi, mostly prefers to ignore him and his antics.

Just as Luigi's relationships with Daisy and King Boo nearly mirror Mario's with Peach and Bowser, respectively, his arch-rivalry with Waluigi parallels the one between Mario and Wario. Wario himself does not show as much antagonism towards Luigi as Waluigi, although the two do not get along well and it has been shown that Wario enjoys giving Luigi trouble, such as by tying his shoelaces together[24]. However, Luigi has rescued Wario from Chief Chilly in Super Mario 64 DS, indicating some degree of respect for the two.

In the first two installments of the Mario & Sonic series, Luigi shares a competitive, friendly rivalry with Shadow the Hedgehog similar to his brother is with Sonic the Hedgehog. They competed in Hurdles and raced in Skating races (the latter in which Metal Sonic outpaced them and the opening's epilogue shows them standing side-by-side afterwards).

Profiles and statistics

Main article: List of Luigi profiles and statistics

Mario Tennis series

Mario Tennis

  • Type: All-Around
  • Instruction Booklet Bio: His height lets him hit even the balls that look like they're out of reach.

Mario Power Tennis

  • Type: All-Around
  • Offensive Power Shot: Squeaky Mallet
  • Defensive Power Shot: Poltergust Return
  • Stats:
    • Power: 6/10
    • Speed: 7/10
    • Reach: 7/10
    • Serve: 6/10
    • Lunge: 7/10
    • Control: 7/10
  • Doubles Partner: Mario
  • Bio: Luigi has better ball control than his famous sibling and is especially skilled at volleying.

Mario Tennis Open

  • Type: All-Around
  • Bio: Compared to Mario, he is a bit less powerful, but Luigi is good at ball handling. His specialty is playing up front, at the net.
  • Bio 2: Like his brother, Luigi is pretty good at everything. Although not as powerful as Mario, he has greater accuracy and is excellent at coming into the net.

List of appearances

This section is under construction. Therefore, please excuse its informal appearance while it is being worked on. We hope to have it completed as soon as possible.

Title Year System/Format
Mario Bros. 1983 Game & Watch
Mario Bros. 1983 Arcade, NES
Mario Bros. Special 1984 NEC PC-88
Punch Ball Mario Bros. 1984 NEC PC-88
Family BASIC 1984
VS. Wrecking Crew 1984 Arcade
Wrecking Crew 1985 NES
Super Mario Bros. 1985 NES
VS. Super Mario Bros. 1986 Arcade
Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels 1986 NES (Disk System)
I am a teacher: Super Mario Sweater 1986 NES (Disk System)
All Night Nippon: Super Mario Bros. 1986 NES (Disk System)
Golf: Japan Course 1987 NES (Disk System)
Famicom Grand Prix II: 3D Hot Rally 1988 NES (Disk System)
Super Mario Bros. 2 1988 NES
Super Mario Bros. 3 1988 NES
Kaettekita Mario Bros. 1988 NES (Disk System)
Tetris 1989 Game Boy
Luigi's Hammer Toss 1990 Super Mario Bros. Watch
Super Mario World 1990 SNES
Mario Teaches Typing 1991, 1994 MS-DOS, Windows
Yoshi 1991 NES, Game Boy
Super Mario Bros. Print World 1991 MS-DOS
Super Mario Bros. & Friends: When I Grow Up 1992 MS-DOS
Super Mario Bros. (pinball) 1992 Arcade
Super Mario Kart 1992 SNES
Mario is Missing! 1992, 1993 MS-DOS, SNES, NES
Mario Undōkai 1993 Arcade
Super Mario World 1993 Arcade
Super Mario All-Stars 1993 SNES
Mario & Wario 1993 SNES
Mario's Early Years! Fun with Letters 1993, 1994 MS-DOS, SNES
Mario's Early Years! Fun with Numbers 1994 MS-DOS, SNES
Mario's Early Years! Preschool Fun 1994 MS-DOS, SNES
Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World 1994 SNES
Hotel Mario 1994 CD-i
Mario's Tennis 1995 Virtual Boy
Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island 1995 SNES
Mario Clash 1995 Virtual Boy
Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars 1996 SNES
Mario Teaches Typing 2 1996 MS-DOS
Mario Kart 64 1996 Nintendo 64
Game & Watch Gallery 1997 Game Boy
Excitebike: Bun Bun Mario Battle 1997 Satellaview
Game & Watch Gallery 2 1997, 1998 Game Boy, GBC
Wrecking Crew '98' 1998 SNES
Mario Party 1998 Nintendo 64
Super Smash Bros. 1999 Nintendo 64
Super Mario Bros. Deluxe 1999 GBC
Mario Golf 1999 Nintendo 64
Game & Watch Gallery 3 1999 GBC
Mario Golf 1999 GBC
Mario Artist: Paint Studio 1999 Nintendo 64DD
Mario Party 2 1999 Nintendo 64
Mario Tennis 2000 Nintendo 64
Paper Mario 2000 Nintendo 64
Mario Tennis 2000 GBC
Super Mario Advance 2001 GBA
Mario Kart: Super Circuit 2001 GBA
Mario Family 2001 GBC
Luigi's Mansion 2001 GameCube
Super Smash Bros. Melee 2001 GameCube
Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2 2001 GBA
Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3 2002 GBA
Mario Party 4 2002 GameCube
Game & Watch Gallery 4 2002 GBA
Mario Bros.-e 2002 E-Reader
Super Mario Fushigi no Janjan Land 2003 Arcade
Mario Party-e 2003 E-Reader
Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 2003 GBA
Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour 2003 GameCube
Mario Kart: Double Dash!! 2003 GameCube
Mario Party 5 2003 GameCube
Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga 2003 GBA
Classic NES Series: Super Mario Bros. 2004 GBA
Mario Golf: Advance Tour 2004 GBA
Famicom Mini: Wrecking Crew 2004 GBA
Donkey Konga 2 2004 GameCube
Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door 2004 GameCube
Famicom Mini: Super Mario Bros. 2 2004 GBA
Super Mario Fushigi no Korokoro Party 2004 Arcade
WarioWare: Twisted! 2004 GBA
Mario Power Tennis 2004 GameCube
Mario Party 6 2004 GameCube
Super Mario 64 DS 2004 Nintendo DS
Mario Party Advance 2005 GBA
Yoshi Touch & Go 2005 Nintendo DS
NBA Street V3 2005 GameCube
Yakuman DS 2005 Nintendo DS
Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix 2005 GameCube
Mario Superstar Baseball 2005 GameCube
Mario Tennis: Power Tour 2005 GBA
Mario Kart Arcade GP 2005 Arcade
Super Mario Fushigi no Korokoro Party 2 2005 Arcade
SSX on Tour 2005 GameCube
Super Princess Peach 2005 Nintendo DS
Mario Party 7 2005 GameCube
Mario Kart DS 2005 Nintendo DS
Super Mario Strikers 2005 GameCube
Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time 2005 Nintendo DS
Tetris DS 2006 Nintendo DS
New Super Mario Bros. 2006 Nintendo DS
Mario Hoops 3-on-3 2006 Nintendo DS
Yoshi's Island DS 2006 Nintendo DS
Mario Kart Arcade GP 2 2007 Arcade
Super Paper Mario 2007 Wii
Mario Strikers Charged 2007 Wii
Mario Party 8 2007 Wii
Itadaki Street DS 2007 Nintendo DS
Super Mario Galaxy 2007 Wii
Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games 2007, 2008 Wii, Nintendo DS
Mario Party DS 2007 Nintendo DS
Super Smash Bros. Brawl 2008 Wii
Mario Kart Wii 2008 Wii
Mario Super Sluggers 2008 Wii
Mario Party Fushigi no Korokoro Catcher 2009 Arcade
New Play Control! Mario Power Tennis 2009 Wii
Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story 2009 Nintendo DS
Mario Calculator 2009 Nintendo DSi
Mario Clock 2009 Nintendo DSi
Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Winter Games 2009 Wii, Nintendo DS
New Super Mario Bros. Wii 2009 Wii
Super Mario Galaxy 2 2010 Wii
Super Mario All-Stars Limited Edition 2010 Wii
Mario Sports Mix 2010 Wii
New Super Mario Bros. Wii Coin World 2011 Arcade
Super Mario 3D Land 2011 Nintendo 3DS
Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games 2011, 2012 Wii, Nintendo 3DS
Fortune Street 2011 Wii
Mario Kart 7 2011 Nintendo 3DS

Portrayals

Luigi has been voiced by the following people: The first live-action portrayal of Luigi was by an unknown actor in an Atari commercial for Mario Bros. from 1983.[6] The following is a list of all of the people who have portrayed Luigi.

Gallery

For this subject's image gallery, see Gallery:Luigi.

Quotes

Main article: List of Luigi quotes

See also

Voice samples

Audio.svg Mario Kart 64 - "I'm-a Luigi, number one!" (Charles Martinet, 1996)
File infoMedia:MK64 Luigi Win.oga
0:03
Audio.svg Super Mario Bros. Wonder - "Let's-a go!· (Kevin Afghani, 2023)
File infoMedia:Luigi Let'sGo SMBW.oga
0:01
Help:MediaHaving trouble playing?

Names in other languages

Main article: List of Luigi names in other languages
Language Name Meaning
Japanese ルイージ
Ruīji
Luigi

Chinese 路易吉
Lùyìjí
Luigi

Dutch Luigi
-
French Luigi
-
German Luigi
-
Greek Λουίτζι
Luitzi
Luigi

Hebrew לואיג'י
Luiji
Luigi

Italian Luigi
-
Korean 루이지
Ru-iji
Luigi

Portuguese Luigi
-
Russian Луиджи
Luidzhi
Luigi

Spanish Luigi
-
Thai ลุยจิ[25]
Lui-chi
Luigi

Trivia

  • Coincidentally, "Luigi" translates from Italian as "famous warrior," which is ironic or apt given the circumstance. Luigi is often portrayed as being the "lesser brother" and a coward, although he is an iconic video game hero as well.
    • The Japanese pronunciation of Luigi (ルイージ, Ruīji) is also comparable to a Japanese word for similar (類似, ruiji) which is pronounced almost identically, save for a shorter "i" sound. This coincidentally matches Luigi having been created as a color swap of Mario.
  • A collectable Mario & Wario card mistakenly spells Luigi's name as "Ruigi", due to incorrectly transliterating his Japanese name (Ruīji).[26]
    • A similar mistake can also be seen on artwork used in a 1985 Japanese guide for Wrecking Crew, as an "R" is printed on Luigi's overalls.[27]
  • In the first page of the Nintendo Power magazine for Luigi's Mansion, Luigi is mistakenly referred to as Mario's older brother.

References

  1. ^ Brian. Miyamoto says Mario’s full name is “Mario Mario”. Nintendo Everything (September 14, 2015). Retrieved September 14th 2015
  2. ^ Iwata Asks: New Super Mario Bros. Wii Vol. 1 Ch. 2. Retrieved May 2, 2023.
  3. ^ 『パックマン』にはじまり『スーパーマリオ』でひとつの完成形に達した“キャラクターの身体機能”「なんでゲームは面白い?」第11回. Retrieved May 2, 2023. (Contains quote from Yokoi found in 「横井軍平ゲーム館」.)
  4. ^ 『マリオブラザーズ』の元ネタは『ジャウスト』? (その1). Retrieved May 2, 2023. (Addendum quotes an interview with Miyamoto found in 「ゲーム・マエストロ Vol.1」.)
  5. ^ News article covering interview with Shigeru Miyamoto. Retrieved January 24, 2015.
  6. ^ a b Commercial for Atari Mario Bros. featuring a live-action Luigi.
  7. ^ Print ad for Mario Bros.
  8. ^ a b Rolling Stone (April 8, 2013). Shigeru Miyamoto Shares Nintendo Secrets. Rolling Stone. Retrieved May 13, 2018
  9. ^ a b Super Mario Bros.: Peach-hime Kyūshutsu Dai Sakusen! pamphletMedia:MarioBrosMovieHeightChart.jpg
  10. ^ [1]
  11. ^ IGN (Accessed on 7-6-09)
  12. ^ N-Sider (Accessed on 6-28-09)
  13. ^ a b Smash Bros. DOJO!! (Accessed on 6-28-09)
  14. ^ Totilo, S. (December 1, 2005). "Gamers Wonder if Nintendo Will Serve More Mustard of Doom". MTV. Accessed July 16, 2022.
  15. ^ Lien, Tracy (March 15, 2013). Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon won't just rely on nostalgia to win players, developers say. Polygon. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
  16. ^ CZbwoi (June 1, 2014). Luigi Ridin' Dirty - Death Stare in Mario Kart 8. YouTube. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
  17. ^ NintendoAUNZ (May 9, 2017). Unstoppable force meets immovable object. #MarioKart. Twitter. Retrieved May 14, 2023. (Archived May 18, 2020, 23:25:40 UTC via Wayback Machine.)
  18. ^ NintendoAUNZ (May 9, 2017). Unstoppable force meets immovable object. Facebook. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
  19. ^ NintendoEverything. (August 22, 2013). "Audio recording from Luigi". YouTube. Accessed October 30, 2022.
  20. ^ psnmermaid925 (February 8, 2014). luigi. YouTube. Retrieved February 6, 2024.
  21. ^ The Yoshi Touch & Go instruction booklet states that the Stork is carrying a pair of newborn twins (referring to Mario and Luigi) on page six.
  22. ^ Griffin, A. (September 30, 2016) Mario is only 24 years old, creator Shigeru Miyamoto says in unearthed interview. Independent. Retrieved May 28, 2023.
  23. ^ The Super Mario Kart manual (page 21) states that "Mario and Luigi have had a friendly rivalry that goes back to their childhood."
  24. ^ Wario Land 4 official website (now defunct) (Accessed on 7-3-09)
  25. ^ Thai version of the official trailer for The Super Mario Bros. Movie (November 30, 2022), YouTube. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  26. ^ マリオとワリオ S&Bスナック G-4  メンコ?  ルイージ. jp.mercari.com. Retrieved March 3, 2023. (Archived March 3, 2023, 05:47:30 UTC via Wayback Machine.)
  27. ^ オロチ(Famicom Archivist) (June 9, 2022). 【マリオ無駄知識】 多くの日本人にとって「L」と「R」の違いなど重要ではありません。ファミリーコンピュータマガジン1985年9月号に掲載された『レッキングクルー』の攻略記事には「R」の文字が刻まれたオーバーオール姿のルイージが描かれています。彼は「Ruigi」ではなく「Luigi」なのに!. Twitter. Retrieved March 3, 2023. (Archived June 10, 2022, 03:59:03 UTC via Wayback Machine.)