List of Koopa Paratroopa profiles and statistics

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This is a list of profiles and statistics for Koopa Paratroopas.

Super Mario series[edit]

Super Mario Bros.[edit]

Instruction booklet bios[edit]

Koopa Paratroopa (green)
  • Instruction booklet description:
    • English:
      A bit out of control, he wings around aimlessly and comes at you all of a sudden. Stomp on him and he loses his wings.[1]
      400 PTS.
    • Other languages:
      • Japanese:
        性格は凶暴でピョンピョン跳ねて来る。踏むと羽根が消える。[2]
        400PTS.

        (Translation: It has a fierce personality and bounces around. When you step on it, its wings disappear.)
Koopa Paratroopa (red)
  • Instruction booklet description:
    • English:
      This turtle is under control, but likes to take it easy. Stomp on him and he loses his wings.[1]
      400 PTS.
    • Other languages:
      • Japanese:
        のんびり屋でフワフワ空を飛ぶ。踏むと羽根が消える。[2]
        400PTS.

        (Translation: Laid-back and floating in the air. When you step on them, their wings disappear.)

Super Mario Bros. Deluxe[edit]

Instruction booklet bios[edit]

  • Koopa Paratroopa (green): A bit out of control, he wings around aimlessly and comes at you all of a sudden. Stomp on him, and he loses his wings.[3]
    • 400 Pts.
  • Koopa Paratroopa (red): This turtle is under control and likes to take it easy. Stomp on him and he loses his wings.[3]
    • 400 Pts.

Super Mario Run[edit]

  • Notebook bio: "This Koopa Troopa is rocking some wings, so it can fly. It's still weak to being stomped, though."

Perfect Ban Mario Character Daijiten[edit]

パタパタ (JP) / Koopa Paratroopa (EN)
A Koopa Paratroopa from Super Mario World.
Original text (Japanese) Translation
種族しゅぞく カメ族 Tribe Turtle clan
性格せいかく のんびり屋 Disposition Easygoing person
登場とうじょうゲーム 1、2、3、ワールド Game appearances 1, 2, 3, World
おなじみのザコキャラ

スーパーマリオシリーズの常連キャラ。ノコノコに翼が生えたもので、比較的低空を羽ばたきながらやってくる。一度踏みつけると翼が取れてノコノコになる。赤と緑の2 種類がいる。[4]

Familiar tribe character

A regular character in the Super Mario series. It's a Koopa Troopa with wings, and it comes flapping through the air at relatively low altitudes. Once you step on it, the wings come off and it turns into a Koopa Troopa. There are two types: red and green.

Mario Kart series[edit]

Mario Kart: Double Dash!![edit]

  • Kart: Para-Wing
  • Partner: Koopa Troopa
  • Special Item: Triple Shells
  • Bio: You might think Paratroopa is a cute little tortoise - right up until he blasts you off the course with a Triple Shell attack, that is!
  • Instruction booklet description:
    • English:
      Paratroopa takes care of its wings even in the heat of the race.[page number needed]

Yoshi's Island series[edit]

Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island[edit]

  • Shogakukan guide: ノコノコに羽が生えるとパタパタ。食べるとコウラにもぐっでしまうのはノコノコと同じ。踏むと羽が取れてノコノコになる。[5](When a Koopa Troopa grows wings, it is a Para-Koopa. When you eat it, it hides in its shell, like a Koopa Troopa. When you step on it, the wings come off and it becomes a Koopa Troopa.)
  • Player's Guide: Clip the wings of one[sic] these flutter guys with a well-placed egg or jump.[6]
  • Shogakukan guide (Game Boy Advance version): 食べてはき出すとコウラになってしまう点はノコノコ同じ。ふんだり、タマゴを当てると羽が取れてノコノコになる。[7](They are the same as Koopa Troopa in that it turns into a shell when eaten and spat out. If you jump on it or hit it with an egg, its wings are removed and it becomes a Koopa Troopa.)

Yoshi's New Island[edit]

  • Shogakukan guide: ノコノコに翼が生えたような敵。踏むと翼がとれてノコノコになり、食べるとコウラになる。赤いものは上空を漂い、緑のものは地面をはずむように移動する。[8](An enemy that looks like a Koopa Troopa with wings. When you step on it, the wings come off and it becomes a Koopa Troopa, and when you eat it, it becomes a shell. The red ones hover in the sky, while the green ones bounce along the ground.)


Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars[edit]

Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars enemy
Sky Troopa
Battle idle animation of a Sky Troopa from Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars HP 10 FP 100 Speed 18
Location(s) Mushroom Way, Bandit's Way, Booster Pass Attack 4 Magic attack 6
Role Common Defense 16 Magic defense 4
Bonus Flower Lucky! (30%) Yoshi Cookie Mushroom Morph rate 100%
Evade 8% Magic evade 0% Spells None
Weak Jump Strong None Sp. attacks None
Coins 1 Exp. points 1 Items Mushroom (25%)
Psychopath "What a gorgeous day!"

Super Mario RPG (Nintendo Switch)[edit]

Super Mario RPG enemy
Paratroopa
Artwork of Sky Troopa from the Nintendo Switch version of Super Mario RPG HP 10 Weak Elements Jump Drops Mushroom
Exp. 1 Weak Statuses FearPoisonSleepMute Rare Drops N/A
Found in Mushroom Way
Monster List profile Doesn't it seem like the impact sound of their ramming attack, reverberating inside their shells while they're inside, would get on their nerves?
Thought Peek "What a nice, peaceful day. ♡"
Animations *Physical attack

Mario & Luigi series[edit]

Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions[edit]

Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser profiles[edit]

  • Koopa Paratroopa: A harmony of heavy shell and light wings. They spin around in the air and attack their enemies from above!
  • Koopa Paratroopa (Red): A harmony of heavy shell and light wings. Strong against Spear Guys and other spear-wielding enemies.

Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey[edit]

Bowser Jr.'s Journey profiles[edit]

  • K. Paratroopa (Green): A beautiful harmony of green shell and white wings. They focus on their target and shoot straight for the head!
  • K. Paratroopa (Red): A beautiful harmony of red shell and white wings. A bit more powerful than their green brethren.

Paper Mario series[edit]

Paper Mario[edit]

Paper Mario enemy
Paratroopa
Battle idle animation of a Paratroopa from Paper Mario (discounting the occasional sidling, which is done at random and technically considered a separate animation) Max HP 4 Attack 1 Defense 1
Role Common Type Flying Level 6
Strong None Weak None Moves Shell Shot (1)
Sleep? 90%, 0 Dizzy? 90%, 1 Shock? 90%, 1
Shrink? 90%, 0 Stop? 100%, 0 Fright? 90%
Air Lift? 95% Hurricane? 95% Coins 1 + 1
Items POW Block Run 24 Location(s) Pleasant Path, Koopa Bros. Fortress
Tattle This is a Paratroopa. No surprise here--Paratroopas are Koopa Troopas with wings. Max HP: 4, Attack Power: 1, Defense Power: 1 When you jump on 'em or use a POW Block, their wings fall off and they become normal Koopa Troopas. It's easy to beat 'em once they're normal Koopa Troopas. Give 'em another Jump attack! They think they're pretty cool because they wear sunglasses, but they're not that tough.
  • Paper Mario Official Nintendo Player's Guide: The fabulous wings of a Paratroopa are no match for a sturdy pair of boots. Until you get the Hammer Throw Badge, you'll be limited to jumping attacks against the airborne menace.[9]

Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door[edit]

Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door enemy
Paratroopa
PMTTYD Red Paratroopa Sprite.png Max HP 4 Attack 2 Defense 1
Location(s) Hooktail Castle, Rogueport Sewers Role Common Level 9
Sleep? 95% Dizzy? 120% Confuse? 90%
Tiny? 95% Stop? 100% Soft? 95%
Burn? 100% Freeze? 90% Fright? 95%
Gale Force? 110% KO? 100% Moves Shell Shot (2)
Exp. points 0 Coins 1 Items Courage Shell, Dizzy Dial, Mushroom, POW Block, Happy Heart
Tattle Log #:
11
Log A Koopa Troopa with wings that stays airborne until you stomp on it and send it plunging to the ground.
Tattle That's a Koopa Paratroopa. Well, umm... It's basically a Koopa Troopa with wings. Max HP is 4, Attack is 2, and Defense is 1. I kinda hate that this guy gets to fly. Of course, you can stomp on him and he'll plunge down and be a plain Koopa Troopa. Yeah, do that, and he's ours! Stomp again to flip him, and his arms and legs are useless! Oops! Sorry, that's not true. It looks like he can still wiggle them around a bit...

Super Paper Mario[edit]

Super Paper Mario enemy
Paratroopa
Sprite of a green Koopa Paratroopa from Super Paper Mario. Sprite of a red Koopa Paratroopa from Super Paper Mario. Sprite of a green Koopa Paratroopa (non-brainwashed) from Super Paper Mario. Max HP 1 Role Common Location(s) Mount Lineland (1-2), Gloam Valley (2-1), The Bitlands (3-1), The Dotwood Tree (3-3), Flipside Pit of 100 Trials (Rooms 11 and 46)
Attack 1 Card type Common
Defense 1 Items Card location(s) Card Shop; Catch Card/SP; Chapter 1-2: Found in a hidden area via a 3D-accessible path behind the first set of mountain platforms in the first area.
Score 100
Card description This Koopa Troopa breezed through flight school. A quick stomp to the head will ground it. Forever.
  List of Catch Cards  
  14      15      16  
Tattle Normal: This is a Paratroopa. It's like a Koopa Troopa, but it can fly... Its movement may vary slightly, depending on the color of its shell... Max HP is 1, Attack is 1, and Defense is 1. Stomp it to remove its wings... A Koopa without wings is a very sad Koopa...
Flipping: This is a Paratroopa. It's like a Koopa Troopa, but it can fly... This one has the ability to flip between dimensions... Its movement may vary slightly, depending on the color of its shell... Max HP is 1, Attack is 1, and Defense is 1. Stomp it to remove its wings... A Koopa without wings is a very sad Koopa...

Paper Mario: Sticker Star[edit]

Paper Mario: Sticker Star enemy
Paratroopa (1)
Red Koopa Paratroopa Max HP 14 Role Common Location(s) Yoshi Sphinx
Attack 5 Stickers N/A
Defense 0 Moves Dive Bomb (5, Dizzy)
Paper Mario: Sticker Star enemy
Paratroopa (2)
Red Koopa Paratroopa Max HP 10 Role Common Location(s) Yoshi Sphinx, Sandshifter Ruins, Drybake Stadium, Bowser's Sky Castle
Attack 5 Stickers Shiny Jump
Defense 0 Moves Dive Bomb (5, Dizzy)

Paper Mario: Color Splash[edit]

Paper Mario: Color Splash enemy
Koopa Paratroopa
Koopa Paratroopa Idle Animation from Paper Mario: Color Splash HP 25 Type Flying, Shelled Role Common Card
Strong None Weak None Card drop rate 3
A Koopa Paratroopa card from Paper Mario: Color Splash
Moves Flying Attack (7), Attack (7), Drop Attack (7), Fallen Attack (7), Stomped-on Attack (12), Flying Line Attack (7), Line Attack (7), Group Attack (7), Blowback attack (16)
Location(s) Daffodil Peak, The Crimson Tower, Fort Cobalt, Sunset Express
Quotes Usual: "Nyah, nyah! Can't get me!" ~ "The ground is for suckers." ~ "Why walk when you can fly?" ~ "Hammers can't hurt me up here!"
Grounded: "No! I've been grounded!" ~ "Broken wings, broken heart..."
Shell: "I'm, like, a regular Koopa Troopa..." ~ "I'm a shell of my former self."
Flipped: "Mind helpin' a guy out here?" ~ "I'm done for..."
Ludwig battle: "Koopa Paratroopa 2nd Division, reporting for battle! We're in position, sir!" ~ "Seize Mario!" ~ "Don't panic, guys!" ~ "Don't mess up our formation!" ~ "Executing orders!"
Enemy class
ENEMY_RANDAM_1_5
Dropped items
Hammer Scraps 5 Red paint 50 Yellow paint 33 Blue paint 0 Orange paint 0 Green paint 0 Purple paint 0

Paper Mario: The Origami King[edit]

Paper Mario: The Origami King enemy
Koopa Paratroopa
An origami Koopa Paratroopa from Paper Mario: The Origami King. HP 16 Moves Location(s)
Type Flying Shelled Flyin' Shell Shot (13), Shell Shot (?), Group Shell Shot (?), Flyin' Kick (?), Drop Attack (?) Fire Vellumental Cave, Scorching Sandpaper Desert, Scorching Sandpaper East, Scorching Sandpaper Far West, Club Island, Bowser's Castle
Role Common
Item drops Bag of confetti
Flying origami Koopa Troopas. Swoop in from above and stomp away their wings to secure the win.

Mario Tennis series[edit]

Mario Tennis[edit]

  • Instruction booklet description:
    • English:
      With his ability to react quickly to any type of shot, he can return the ball anywhere he wants.[10]

Mario Power Tennis[edit]

  • Skill Type: Technique
  • Offensive Power Shot: Energy Ball
  • Defensive Power Shot: Sky Dive
  • Unlock criteria: Win all World Open cups (Mushroom, Flower, and Star) in Doubles.

Mario Tennis Aces[edit]

  • Type: Technical
  • Trick Shots: Roll Call (forward/backward), Koopa Boost (side)
  • Special Shot: Spiral Special
  • Trait: Highest lobs
  • In-game bio: "A technical player with superb lobs. Flap those wings to chase the ball around the court and rack up points with a powerful Charge Shot!"

Mario Golf: World Tour[edit]

  • Trajectory: Straight
  • Height: 5.5
  • Drive: 207 yards
  • Sweet-Spot: 7.9
  • Control: 6.3
  • Star Drive: 243 yards (+36)
  • Star Sweet-Spot: 6
  • Star Control: 6.1
  • Number of Challenge Mode Star Coins
    needed to unlock:
    50

Super Smash Bros. series[edit]

Super Smash Bros. Melee[edit]

Trophy
Koopa Paratroopa
Koopa Paratroopa
Game/move:
Super Mario Bros.
10/85
How to unlock: Randomly obtainable only in single-player modes
These winged Koopa Troopas can fly, but they're none too smart: they tend to spend a lot of their time simply jumping or fluttering around a small area. As a result, no one exactly thinks of them as majestic, soaring creatures. They lose their wings and become normal Koopa Troopas if Mario or Luigi jump on their backs.

Super Smash Bros. Brawl[edit]

The Green Koopa Paratroopa trophy states that they appear in Mario Hoops 3-on-3. However, only a Red Koopa Paratroopa appears in that game, as a playable character.

Trophy
Green Koopa Paratroopa
BrawlTrophy159.png
Appears in:
NES Super Mario Bros.
DS Mario Hoops 3-on-3
How to unlock: Throwing a Trophy Stand at one in The Subspace Emissary
A winged Koopa. These can fly to a degree, but in Super Mario Bros., it wasn't like they could soar wherever they pleased. In fact, they merely hovered, moving back and forth over set areas. Some Koopa Paratroopas don't even take to the skies, but just jump up and down. These become regular old Koopa Troopas when stomped.
Trophy
Red Koopa Paratroopa
BrawlTrophy160.png
Appears in:
NES Super Mario Bros.
DS Mario Hoops 3-on-3
How to unlock: Throwing a Trophy Stand at one in The Subspace Emissary
A flying Koopa with wings. In Super Mario Bros., they possessed the same abilities as green-shelled Koopa Paratroopas, but the routes they flew were different--they flew up and down rather than side to side. There are no red-shelled Koopas who merely hop up and down. You'll often see them participating in two-person kart races and playing basketball.
Sticker
Koopa Paratroopa
A Sticker of Koopa Paratroopa in Super Smash Bros. Brawl.
Artwork from: Super Paper Mario
Effects in The Subspace Emissary: [Throwing] - Attack +12
Usable by: Anyone

Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U[edit]

Trophy
Koopa Paratroopa (Green)
A trophy of a Green Koopa Paratroopa from Super Smash Bros. for 3DS.
Game(s): Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS only
Category: Enemy
How to unlock:
Random
These green-shelled Paratroopas from the Mario series come in two varieties: ones that jump toward you, and ones that float in the air until they're swatted down. When you stomp or damage one in Smash Run, it'll lose its wings and be transformed back into a normal Koopa Troopa. (American English)
These green-shelled Paratroopas from the Mario series come in two varieties: ones that jump towards you, and ones that float in the air until Mario swans over and jumps on them, using them as a platform. When you stomp on or damage one in Smash Run, its wings fall off, turning it back into a normal Koopa Troopa for good. (British English)
Trophy
Koopa Paratroopa (Red)
A trophy of a Red Koopa Paratroopa from Super Smash Bros. for 3DS.
Game(s): Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS only
Category: Enemy
How to unlock:
Random
The red-shelled Paratroopa. Many a time Mario has used these flying turtles as a stepping-stone to victory. In Smash Run, they have better agility than their green brethren but are largely similar. If you defeat them, their wings will fall off and they'll become regular Koopa Troopas again. (American English)
Many times have Mario and his friends treated these red-shelled Paratroopas as little more than winged platforms. In Smash Run, they're a lot like green Paratroopas, except a little bit more aggressive. When you attack or stomp on one in Smash Run, its wings fall off, turning it back into a normal Koopa Troopa for good. (British English)
Trophy
Koopa Paratroopa (Red)
A trophy of a Red Koopa Paratroopa from Super Smash Bros. for 3DS.
Game(s): Super Smash Bros. for Wii U only
Category: Enemy
(Applies only to the Wii U version) Appears in:
NES Super Mario Bros. (10/1985)
N64 Mario Tennis (08/2000)
(Applies only to the Wii U version) Trophy Box: 8: Bowser's Minions
How to unlock:
Random
These winged foes tend to fly right in front of high places Mario wants to reach, so it isn't all that surprising that he constantly uses them as stepping stones. Jumping on them knocks their wings off, turning them into regular Koopa Troopas. These guys are surprisingly adaptable: they play tennis and basketball, and they can even drive! (American English)
These winged foes tend to fly around just in front of high places Mario wants to get to, so it's no wonder he's always using them as a stepping stone. Jumping on them makes them lose their wings, turning them into regular Koopas. These guys have proven surprisingly adept: they play tennis and basketball, and they can even drive! (British English)

Mario Baseball series[edit]

Mario Superstar Baseball[edit]

Paratroopa
Koopa Paratroopa's mugshot from Mario Superstar Baseball
Team DK Kongs Type Technique
Special Ball N/A Special move(s) Super Jump
Batting arm Left Throwing arm Right
Batting 3/10 Pitching 3/10
Fielding 4/10 Running 6/10
Good chemistry Koopa Troopa Bowser Paragoomba Bad chemistry N/A
Bio: Another longtime underling of Bowser. Paratroopa flies through the sky and delivers body checks to Mario and others, but he's vulnerable to a good stomping, which takes away his wings and turns him into a garden-variety Koopa. His wings allow him to leap up and make great catches.
Green Paratroopa
Green Koopa Paratroopa's mugshot from Mario Superstar Baseball
Team DK Kongs Type Technique
Special Ball N/A Special move(s) Super Jump
Batting arm Left Throwing arm Right
Batting 2/10 Pitching 3/10
Fielding 4/10 Running 6/10
Good chemistry Koopa Troopa Bowser Paragoomba Bad chemistry N/A
Bio: Another longtime underling of Bowser. Paratroopa flies through the sky and delivers body checks to Mario and others, but he's vulnerable to a good stomping, which takes away his wings and turns him into a garden-variety Koopa. His wings allow him to leap up and make great catches.

Mario Super Sluggers[edit]

Paratroopa
A side view of a Koopa Paratroopa, from Mario Super Sluggers.
Team Wario Muscles Ability Super Jump
Bat Left Glove Right
Batting 4/10 Pitching 4/10
Star Pitch N/A Star Swing N/A
Fielding 7/10 Running 5/10
Good chemistry Bowser Koopa Troopa Paragoomba Mii (red) Bad chemistry Toadsworth
Bio: Uses super jumps to catch high flies.
Green Paratroopa
A side view of a Koopa Paratroopa, from Mario Super Sluggers.
Team Wario Muscles Ability Super Jump
Bat Left Glove Right
Batting 5/10 Pitching 3/10
Star Pitch N/A Star Swing N/A
Fielding 7/10 Running 5/10
Good chemistry Bowser Koopa Troopa Paragoomba Mii (green) Bad chemistry Toadsworth
Bio: A balanced player with a bit of pop.
  • Collectible card info: "Just take a look at his wings, and it's obvious why Paratroopa is a handy player to have in the outfield. When someone hits one over his head, he uses his Super Jump to great effect."

Super Princess Peach[edit]

It has been requested that this section be rewritten and expanded to include more information. Reason: Level appearances

Paratroopa
A Paratroopa from Super Princess Peach
Vibe Vibeless Levels
Glossary number 12 Glossary entry A hopping Koopa Troopa. Still flighty as ever.
Red Paratroopa
A Red Paratroopa
Vibe Vibeless Levels
Glossary number 14 Glossary entry A floating Koopa Troopa. Rather weak.

Mario Hoops 3-on-3[edit]

  • Type: Tricky
  • Special Shot: Wing Shot
  • Letter to Tap: N

Mario Sports Superstars[edit]

Baseball[edit]

Paratroopa Blue Paratroopa Yellow Paratroopa Green Paratroopa
Paratroopa's stats in the baseball portion of Mario Sports Superstars. Blue Paratroopa's stats in the baseball portion of Mario Sports Superstars Yellow Paratroopa's stats in the baseball portion of Mario Sports Superstars Green Paratroopa's stats in the baseball portion of Mario Sports Superstars
Type Technique Type Technique Type Technique Type Technique

Dr. Mario World[edit]

  • Stage mode: "Increases base score by 50/70/100/150/200 points for every red virus eliminated."
  • Versus mode: "If an object has reached the 2nd row from the bottom line, grants 60%/70%/80%/90%/100% chance lowest row will be eliminated. (Once only.)"

Mario Party series[edit]

Mario Party Superstars[edit]

  • Encyclopedia bios:
    • English:
      Koopa Troopas that fly around by flapping their wings.
    • Other languages:
      • Japanese:
        つばさをパタパタ羽ばたかせて飛び回ります
        (Translation: They fly around with their wings flapping.)

LEGO Super Mario[edit]

  • Website Description: Keep an eye on sky – there might be a Koopa Paratroopa flying around! LEGO® Mario™ must stomp on these Koopa Troopas with wings to get across big gaps and win more coins. You’ll find one in the Master Your Adventure Maker Set (71380) to add to the fun levels you create.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b 1985. Super Mario Bros. Instruction Booklet. Nintendo of America (English). Page 11.
  2. ^ a b 1985. 「スーパーマリオブラザーズ 取扱説明書」 (Super Mario Bros. Toriatsukai Setsumeisho) (PDF). Nintendo (Japanese). Page 11.
  3. ^ a b 1999. Super Mario Bros. Deluxe Instruction Booklet. Nintendo of America (English). Page 30.
  4. ^ November 20, 1994. Perfect Ban Mario Character Daijiten. Shogakukan (Japanese). ISBN 4-09-259067-9. Page 156.
  5. ^ September 20, 1995. 「スーパーマリオヨッシーアイランド任天堂公式ガイドブック」 (Super Mario: Yossy Island Nintendo Kōshiki Guidebook). Shogakukan (Japanese). ISBN 4-09-102523-4. Page 6Media:Super Mario Yossy Island Shogakukan P6.jpg.
  6. ^ Munson, Terry, and Kent Miller (1995). Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island Official Nintendo Player's Guide. Nintendo of America (American English). Page 128Media:SMW2 Guide 128.jpg.
  7. ^ November 20, 2002. 「スーパーマリオアドバンス3任天堂公式ガイドブック」 (Super Mario Advance 3 Nintendo Kōshiki Guidebook). Shogakukan (Japanese). ISBN 4-09-106701-4. Page 19Media:Advance 3 Shogakukan P19.png.
  8. ^ August 9, 2014. 「ヨッシー New アイランド 任天堂公式ガイドブック」 (Yoshi's New Island Nintendo Kōshiki Guidebook). Shogakukan (Japanese). ISBN 978-4-09-106542-1. Page 22Media:Yoshi New Island Shogakukan P22.jpg.
  9. ^ Averill, Alan, Jason Leung, and Jennifer Villarreal (2001). Paper Mario Official Nintendo Player's Guide. Nintendo of America (American English). ISBN 1-930206-07-0. Page 109.
  10. ^ 2000. Mario Tennis instruction booklet. Nintendo of America (American English). Page 34.