Ludwig von Koopa

Ludwig von Koopa (also known as Kooky von Koopa) is the oldest Koopaling and was Bowser's second-in-command until Bowser Jr. came along. He possesses a magnificent intelligence, superior to that of his brothers (and probably more than Bowser) and sister. He loves playing video games with his younger brothers. Like the other Koopalings, not much of Ludwig's personality has been revealed, though it is known that he composes "Koopa Symphonies", is somewhat arrogant and is said to be the cruelest of all the Koopalings. He is also shown to be highly intelligent, such as when he built the gigantic robot in Yoshi's Safari. In battle he displays feats such as making earthquakes and magic blasts, spitting fireballs, shooting lightning blasts from his hands and the ability to teleport from place to place. He even has the ability to flutter jump like Yoshi.

Super Mario Bros. 3
In Super Mario Bros. 3 Ludwig was charged with taking over Pipe Land. Easily doing so with the aid of his Airship and armies, Ludwig stole the wand of Pipe Land's king, whom he turned into either a Piranha Plant or Yoshi, depending on the version of the game.

Boarding Ludwig's airship, Mario managed to fight his way to Ludwig's cabin, there he engaged the Koopa prince in battle. In battle, Ludwig goes into his shell and tries to roll into Mario. Though fast and capable of making stunning earthquakes and magic blasts, Ludwig was defeated and his control over Pipe Land was at an end.

Super Mario World
After he was defeated by Mario, Ludwig was assigned to occupy the fourth world of Dinosaur Land, the Twin Bridges, in Super Mario World. Doing so, he then isolated himself in his castle where he composed Koopa symphonies, at least until Mario showed up to ruin his work.

During his battle with Mario, Ludwig attacked by spitting fireballs, sliding around in his spiked shell, and occasionally making huge leaps. Ultimately, he was defeated a second time by Mario who destroys Ludwig's castle by detonating explosive charges near the bottom of the building, sending it flying into a nearby hill. Subsequently the hill is bandaged in the spot it gets hit.

New Super Mario Bros. Wii
Ludwig and the other Koopalings reappeared in New Super Mario Bros. Wii, after six years of absence, now alongside Bowser Jr. His physical appearance remains relatively unchanged, except for his shell, which is now blue instead of green and he now has blue eyebrows.

He first appears in the opening scene, in which Ludwig and the rest of his siblings jumped out of a cake at Princess Peach's birthday party, then trapped her inside it by throwing the cake at her and runs away. Mario, Luigi, Blue Toad, and Yellow Toad travel through the Mushroom Kingdom to defeat them, as well as Kamek and Bowser, and save the Princess Peach. He appears as both the tower and castle boss of World 7.

The stage for the tower battle is a straight ground with a pit on both sides.

Before battling him, he is distracted that the player(s) appeared in his room but looks away and laughs (presumably because Mario doesn't know that he could do the Flutter Jump). He says, "Oh?" after that and then he then battles the player(s).

When battling him at his tower, before the player(s) could reach him, he conjures a blue fireball from his wand (he is the fastest to cast a spell out of all the bosses) which slowly homes into the player(s). After that, he then jumps really high and Flutter Jumps above the player(s) which he is trying to stomp on. After landing, Ludwig then conjures another homing fireball if he is not stomped on. When jumped on, Ludwig retreats back to his shell and spins it to the left and right of the stage in a attempt to hit the player(s) (accompanied by his homing fireballs if it hasn't made contact with anything yet). When he is stomped on 3 times, he is defeated and retreats to his castle. He is the most resistant Koopaling to Fire Mario's fireballs.

The stage for the castle battle are three separate, rising platforms which Kamek activated with his magic. The platforms rise up and down during the fight and the sides move in unison while the middle does not. The player(s) could also fall between the spaces between the platforms and lose a life. It is strongly noted that the characters do not get affected by the platforms rising (the player(s) jump normally as if the platforms aren't even rising at all, only the background moves).

In the Castle, unlike the tower battle, his fireballs no longer home in, but instead they split into four and takes more time to cast them a bit. He uses his Flutter Jumping ability to get to another section of a platform. The player(s) can tell in which platform he is going to land due to his legs being visible in the screen, doing his infamous Flutter Jumping before landing. When Ludwig is hit, he slides around in his shell, but he will only slide on the platform he is on, rather than sliding to another platform. When he is hit 2 times, he shoots out another 4 fireballs after he casts his first set of fireballs. When finally defeated, Ludwig falls offscreen and Mario gets the key to World 8.

Although Ludwig fell during his castle battle with Mario when when Mario defeated him, he did not fall to his death, as he was seen along with the other Koopalings getting Bowser back up, only to have Bowser's castle fall on top of all of them.

It is worth noting that he is one of the only two bosses fought in the same order as Super Mario Bros. 3 (the other being Larry, who was the first one Mario fought in both games). It is also worth noting that Ludwig has an audible voice in-game for the first time. He is portrayed by Mike Vaughn, who gives Ludwig a much deeper voice than his of the cartoon series.

Super Mario Amada Series
Ludwig, as well as his siblings were featured in the Super Mario Amada Series, a set of three Japanese OVAs. In the Mario retelling of the story "Momotaro", Ludwig and his siblings appear as minions of Bowser, aiding him in abducting Princess Toadstool. In "Shirayukihime (Snow White)" Ludwig also appears as a minion of Bowser once again; like his brothers and sister, Ludwig ends-up being beaten by Mario.

Cartoons
Ludwig also appears prominently in DIC Entertainment's The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 and the Super Mario World cartoon. Here, Ludwig was portrayed as having mad scientist-like personality, inventing various gadgets and doo-dads for his father. In the cartoons, Ludwig was renamed Kooky von Koopa, had somewhat messier hair, was smaller in size, had only one spike on his shell, his tail was usually twisted or curved, and also possessed an extremely bizarre laugh. Also, Kooky wasn't the oldest Koopaling, as that position was taken by Bully. His personality was different too, as he didn't ever listen to classical music, and was never portrayed as a composer.

In the Super Mario World cartoon, Kooky appeared exactly the same with the exception of the episode The Wheel Thing, where his snout was colored the same as the rest of his body.

"Baby Ludwig", or more appropriately, Baby Kooky, has made his first appearance in The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 episode, "Toddler Terrors of Time Travel", which had Kooky, as well as Mario, Luigi, Toad and Bowser, regressed to infant states due to a malfunction with a time machine.

Comics
Ludwig appeared in the Nintendo Comics System's Mario comics, as well as Mario's Nintendo Adventure Books. Ludwig also appears in the Super Mario Adventures comic, where he and his siblings aided Bowser in his attempt to marry Princess Peach.

He makes another short appearance in the Club Nintendo comic "Super Mario: Erholung? Nein, danke!", where he works as a mechanic for KoopAir. The plane he is working on takes off before he even finished his work.

Mario is Missing!
In Mario is Missing!, Ludwig, along with a few of his siblings, invaded Earth with his father as part of a plot to flood the world by melting Antarctica. Guarding a corridor of Bowser's headquarters, Ludwig would battle Luigi, who planned on stopping Bowser's plot and saving the kidnapped Mario. In the end, Ludwig was defeated in combat and Luigi managed to move on. He appeared on all versions of the game except NES version. On the SNES version he was the first boss while on the PC version, he was the last. When Luigi clears San Francisco, Ludwig von Koopa will appear when he arrives back at the castle. Ludwig will try to destroy Luigi by running around the castle like mad and trying to ram into Luigi meanwhile dashing out from under him. Once Luigi jumps on Ludwig a total of six times, he will disappear in a puff of smoke.

Yoshi's Safari
Ludwig later helped his father conquer Jewelry Land during the events of Yoshi's Safari. The eldest Koopaling occupied the Mushroom Land region of the kingdom. In battle, Ludwig uses a large robot with four legs, a spiked shell and a retractable head (in which Ludwig himself is stationed). Two cannons are attached to the head. The robot's weak spot is a large red area which Ludwig normally guards with the robot's head. However as he has to move while he shoots, the red spot often becomes temporarily visible, allowing Mario to destroy it. After the robot explodes, the pieces salvage themselves together into a fighter style mech, which has fists that fly off to attack Yoshi and Mario. In the end this robot is also destroyed, after which Ludwig concedes defeat.

Hotel Mario
In Hotel Mario, Ludwig appears as the boss in Ludwig's Thump Castle Hotel in Ludwig's Frantic Lab. In this game, Ludwig displayed the previously unseen ability to teleport and shoot blast of lightning from his hands. Despite these new powers, Ludwig is still defeated by Mario.

Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga
After years of absence, Ludwig finally made a reappearance in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga. Ludwig and his siblings (minus Bowser Jr.) act as guards in Bowser's Castle during Bowletta's invasion of the Beanbean Kingdom, presumably believing Bowletta to be their father. Like in Super Mario World, the eldest Koopaling attacked Mario and Luigi by shooting balls of fire and zooming around in his shell. However, Ludwig was no match for the bros'. teamwork and was ultimately beaten.

Physical Appearance
Ludwig is best known to have large, wild blue hair (which was white in the sprites of Super Mario World). He has one fully grown fang that always sticks out of his mouth, and his eyes are on the smaller side. He has a green shell and a green head. Ludwig is, along with Roy, the largest of the Koopalings, until New Super Mario Bros. Wii, in which Morton gained the status of being largest Koopaling. The color of Ludwig's shell was also turned into blue and he gained a pair of small, blue eyebrows.

In The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3, his hair, which he apparently never took any care of, was extremely messy and he was a lot more smaller in size.

Personality
Ludwig is the oldest of the Koopalings, probably making him a teenager (his somewhat older age is also supported by his deep voice in New Super Mario Bros. Wii). He is presumptuous and arrogant, but is still very much into culture; he likes listening to classical music and he is a composer himself, and composes "Koopa Symphonies" which, according to the comics, are terrible. He is also said to be cruel. Also, when Mario caused an explosion that "shook something loose in his [Ludwig's] brain" he claimed he could finally hear, and presumably discovered how bad his music was as a result; whether he still chooses to compose music or not is unknown. Ludwig is possibly the most intelligent of his siblings, though he doesn't seem to be as much an inventor as his younger brother Iggy. He also seems to be into horror, as he had a horror-themed hotel in Hotel Mario.

In The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3, Ludwig's name was changed into Kooky von Koopa, and was portrayed as a stereotypical mad scientist, whose main purpose was to invent new doomsday weapons and gadgets for his father. He would commonly burst out into maniacal laughter or raise his voice by shouting in the middle of talking and seemed to be very aggressive towards the Mario Bros. Kooky didn't also care much about his hygiene; he never washed or combed his hair.

Powers and Abilities
Ludwig is usually portrayed as the most talented and powerful of the Koopalings. In Super Mario Bros. 3, Ludwig shared his attack pattern with Roy; Ludwig could fire projectiles from his Magic Scepter, pound the ground to stun the Mario Bros. and retreat in his shell for both defensive and offensive purposes. He was given a completely unique attack pattern in Super Mario World, which none of the other Koopalings shared; Ludwig could spit three fireballs in a row (thus making him the first Koopaling to have learned the ability of breathing fire) and spin around the room in his shell, after which he could perform a long jump to the other side of the room. Ludwig was given even more new powers in Hotel Mario, as he could use electricity to fire dangerous lightnings from his hands and to teleport where ever he wished to. In Superstar Saga, Ludwig retained his previous abilities of breathing fire and spinning around in his shell, but also learned the new ability of spinning like a tornado to attack the Mario Bros. In his latest appearance in New Super Mario Bros. Wii, Ludwig learned even more new abilities; he could fire projectiles from his Magic Scepter, that would automatically home into the Mario Bros, or fire 5 all at once. and has even mastered the ability of Flutter Jumping better than the Yoshis themselves, being able to stay in the air for several seconds.

Bio from The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 Writers Bible
''When Koopa's villainous schemes require sheer lunacy, he calls on Kooky. A graduate of Frankenstein University, Kooky loves to construct monsters in his basement lab in Kastle Koopa. He's responsible for many of the new villainous characters in SM3 [sic]. He built the Doomship. Kooky never showers or combs his hair. He sleeps during the day, if he ever sleeps at all. Eats nothing but candy and fried foods.

Quotes

 * "This is a fun game called "STUFF YOUR FURNITURE DOWN THE DRAIN"!" - Toddler Terrors of Time Travel
 * "I am a genius! My Koopa Klogger is sheer brilliant! Those pain-in-the-drain plumbers won't spoil our evil fun this time!|" - 7 Continents for 7 Koopas
 * "Calm down, King Dad! Your cold Koopa blood is getting overheated!" - True Colors
 * "Oh brother,it looks like the nice guy poison is wearing off." - Princess Toadstool for President

Trivia

 * Ludwig von Koopa is named after the famous composer Ludwig van Beethoven.
 * A Sticker of Ludwig von Koopa can be collected in Super Smash Bros. Brawl. Using it on a character in the Subspace Emissary will increase their explosive attacks by eight points.
 * Ludwig was originally going to appear in Super Princess Peach but he and the other Koopalings were later removed for unknown reasons.