User:Supermariofan67/Sandbox1

Notes: Make sure all YouTube links are valid, make sure all links are to missions and not galaxies, add any missing glitches from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qC-ypi33wMY, rearrange sections, format citations correctly

This is a list of glitches in the game Super Mario Galaxy.

Glitches
NOTE: Unless otherwise noted, all names of glitches are unofficial.

A look inside
If Mario falls into the black hole in the first section of the Bubble Blast Galaxy, the player will be able to see through the bottom of the starting platform. A flat green pipe can be seen in the center, which would normally sprout up through the platform.

Bee Mario underwater
For this glitch, the player must select The Silver Stars of Sea Slide mission in Sea Slide Galaxy. From the starting island, the player must toss the shell at the crystal with the Bee Mushroom, and must turn the camera away right after the Mushroom lands from the last bounce. The player must then dive into the water and swim back onto the island, still facing away from the island. By turning back toward the island, the Bee Mushroom should be underwater. If the player gets the mushroom like this, Mario/Luigi will be transformed into Bee Mario/Luigi, but they will be underwater and be able to swim around.

While underwater, the "Air" meter is replaced with the "Fly" meter, though it still functions the same as the "Air" meter. Additionally, Bee Mario still cannot collect shells underwater, like on land. To get out of the water, the player must shake the Wii Remote and fly while in the air; jumping back into the water causes the player to lose the Bee suit, like normal. While outside of the water, the "Fly" meter is gone, but Bee Mario can still only fly as long as the meter would allow.

Bowser's Star Reactor death glitch
When the player enters Bowser's Star Reactor they must get to the end of the Loop Planet and get on the platform. If they do a long jump toward the Gravity Planet while the platform is moving, Mario will fall towards the gravity planet and die, tumbling as if he went into a black hole.

Cameras don't like mansions
This glitch can be performed in the Ghostly Galaxy in the Beware of Bouldergeist mission. The player must go through the fireplace. If they are outside, they must go back through the fireplace in the mansion. The camera will still be outside and the player will see Mario's silhouette moving behind the wall, inside the mansion. It quits when Mario goes outside again.

Cameras and caverns don't get along
For this glitch, the player should go to the Beach Bowl Galaxy and enter the The Secret Undersea Cavern mission. The player must enter the cavern and unlock the Launch Star. Then, they should perform a Wall Jump up the tunnel and reach the top of the mountain. If Mario goes back into the hole and walks around the cavern, the player just sees the mountaintop as the camera is still outside.

Climb slippery slopes
Although spinning is normally not possible on slippery slopes, the player can bypass this restriction. To do so, the player must press the control stick in the direction Mario/Luigi is facing, jump, then Spin while reversing the stick to face the opposite direction from Mario/Luigi. This odd glitch can be done multiple times in a row to climb slopes that are otherwise too steep to use. Several sub-glitches make use of this.

Coin escape
For this glich, the player must go to Toy Time Galaxy's first mission, Heavy-Metal Mecha Bowser, and reach the Mecha Bowser planet. The player must be in the place with the Mechakoopa and guide one to the gravity wall near the Firebar. Then, they should Ground Pound the enemy, causing a coin to pop from it. If done correctly, the coin is attracted by the firebar's gravity and disappears.

Coin Saves Mario's Life
To perform this glitch, the player must be near both a coin and an enemy that can easily knock Mario or Luigi off his feet. The player must have one wedge of health and get pushed by the enemy into the coin. Then, the player will be revived instead of losing a life. This glitch is also present in Super Mario Galaxy 2.

Confused Kingfin
Normally if playing as Mario, Kingfin will shine beams of light from his eyes when being fought. When playing as Luigi, no light will shine. However, if Mario interacts with Luigi on the Comet Observatory (after he has been rescued) by jumping, ground-pounding, etc. before the player fights Kingfin, the eyes will not shine, as if the player were playing as Luigi. This can be performed as many times as the player wishes, and if Mario fights Kingfin without bothering Luigi, the glitch will not come into effect.

Death warp glitch
In Bowser's Star Reactor, the player must long jump off the edge at the end of the very first part of the galaxy, off to the right side of the Warp Pipe-like structure. If done correctly, Mario respawns at the area with the Thwomp. However, the glitch is very area-specific.

Die in midair
To perform this glitch, the player needs to be in a galaxy that is under a Speedy Comet or timed Purple Comet. He or she must jump when the time is at 00:01. If the timing is right, Mario will stand in midair while doing the Too Bad! motion. The same thing can happen in the game's sequel.

Disappearing penguin
In Buoy Base Galaxy, Mario/Luigi should stand underwater near the diving Penguin. If done correctly, the Penguin will disappear when it dives.

Double spin
For this glitch the player should make Mario or Luigi spin, jump, and spin again. Doing so, they can get two spins without waiting. This is also possible in Super Mario Galaxy 2.

Enter the Starshroom
In the level Kamella's Airship Attack in the Space Junk Galaxy, Mario/Luigi starts out on a yellow Starshroom, facing a red one. To perform this glitch, the player should stand in the middle of the yellow one, then run at the red one and do a long jump. If they hit a certain point on the red Starshroom, they will be thrust back to the yellow one and end up inside it. When this happens, the player cannot immediately enter first-person view, but might be able to if they move to a certain spot inside the Starshoom. There is no way to exit the Starshroom; the player must return to the observatory to escape.

Exploding Li'l Cinder
To perform this glitch, the player must select the Freezeflame's Blistering Core mission of the Freezeflame Galaxy and play until they reach the star. The player must grab a Fire Flower and shoot a fireball at a Li'l Cinder that had just fallen in the lava. This will cause a fiery explosion where the Li'l Cinder had fallen, which will last for the rest of the level.

Explore Buoy Base's second ring
In the Buoy Base Galaxy, the player can choose either mission and must head to the edge of the outer ring that surrounds the planet. Mario or Luigi should jump near it and quickly spin backwards. If done correctly, Mario/Luigi will be on the second ring where he would usually lose a life.

Fall through lava
On the Tower Planet in Bowser's Galaxy Reactor, if Mario/Luigi lands in the lava right next to one of the moving green platforms, they will be under the platform and then under the lava. When Mario/Luigi stops sprinting in pain, he will be stuck in some gravity force beneath the lava. If the player then Spins, they will fall away from the planet and then be sucked into a Black Hole.

Fall twice
On the Comet Observatory, when the player falls off, he or she is lifted back up to the observatory by the ship. If Luigi runs to the Beacon and long-jumps, he will hit the bar spinning around the beacon and fall. He will be lifted back to the ground, but he will fall again, only to be lifted a second time normally. Mario can do this too, but it's harder to pull off as him.

Falling through the hill
In Deep Dark Galaxy the player needs to approach the hill closest to the starting point. Mario needs to backflip onto the hill and use the slope climbing glitch. When Mario reaches a certain point on the hill, he will fall through it and either die or land in a body of water outside the normally-accessible area.

Falling through the planet
There are four different ways to perform this glitch. The first way is to go to Drip Drop Galaxy and open the chest containing the Porcupuffer. If the Porcupuffer hits Mario/Luigi so that he is pinned to the ground, Mario/Luigi may fall through the floor and into the planet, still being able to swim. The glitch will end when Mario/Luigi swims up through the surface of the planet and into the main water body, or when he dies somehow.

The second way to perform this glitch is to go to Good Egg Galaxy's Rock Planet during the Purple Comet mission. If Mario/Luigi Spins near a certain metal bulge in the planet, he will fall into the planet and suddenly start perpetually orbiting around the unseen center of it; glitching the camera as well. The only way to end the glitch is to exit the level.

The third way is to go to Melty Molten Galaxy and enter the mission Through the Meteor Storm. On the Stone Octagon Planet, the player should stand near the first Thwomp in Mario's path. When it smashes into the ground, Mario or Luigi will instantly fall through the planet's floor and into the Black Hole.

The fourth way is to go to Snow Cap Galaxy and enter the mission Star Bunnies in the Snow, catch two of the three Star Bunnies, and have Fire Mario/Fire Luigi and near a high ravine. The player must then throw a fireball at the bunny. If done correctly, Mario/Luigi will fall through the planet with the camera shifting in random directions. There are two ways to end the glitch: wait for the timer to hit 0, or exit the mission.

Falling teleportation
To perform this glitch, the player must go to the Beach Bowl Galaxy's mission The Secret Undersea Cavern. From there, the player should go to the waterfall planet, collect the Ice Flower, and wall-jump up the waterfall nearest to the flower. Once on top of the platform, the player should long-jump, hitting the waterfall, and, right before Mario/Luigi hits the ground, use the spin attack. If done correctly, Mario/Luigi will be at the top of the waterfall, only to fall back down again.

Far Chatting
In Stone Planet of Space Junk Galaxy, while freeing Toad from a Sling Pod, if Toad gets stuck in another Sling Pod, the game will think that Toad is still stuck near Mario/Luigi, and the player will be able to press to talk to the Toad, even though the Toad is on another Planet.

Flinging Mario
There are many ways that the player can fling Mario. It is easy to do it in both the Toy Time Galaxy and the Dusty Dune Galaxy.

To do this in the Toy Time Galaxy, the player must start the mission Fast Foes of Toy Time and go to one of the Tox Boxes and land in the hole. It makes Mario lose a life, but it flings Mario and falls in the level. It can also fling the camera when Mario gets squished by the Tox Boxes when doing this glitch.

To do this in the Dusty Dune Galaxy, the player must start the level "Blasting Through the Sand". When the player goes to the planet that has the switch, Mario must ground pound it and wait. Mario should jump several times and when time runs out. Mario will be flung into the sky.

Floating Toad
To perform this glitch, the player should go to the level Tarantox's Tangled Web. Mario should go to the final planet where Tarantox is fought and launch the green Toad onto the platform. Then, the player should jump into the sling pod and launch Mario onto the same platform so it breaks. If the player looks at Toad closely, he can be seen floating.

Fly to the Planet of Trials
On the Comet Observatory, the player can use the Red Star to go to the Planet of Trials using this glitch. The player must be Luigi and break open the crystal with the Red Star in the Garage, but must not use it and go to the Planet of Trials. Luigi must go to one of the three ends and run, then use a homing ground pound on the green Luma that takes the player to the Grand Finale Galaxy. Luigi will fall out of the planet's gravity field and toward the Observatory. The player must use the spin to navigate Luigi to the Red Star without touching ground as he falls. After landing, the player must then fall off the Comet Observatory, and Luigi will be lifted back to the Planet of Trials. The game will not allow Luigi to fly on this planet, but the music will still play for the power-up and Luigi will have the appearance of his powered-up form.

There is also an alternate method to put Flying Luigi on the planet. The player must do the same thing as above, but after using the homing ground pound on the Luma, the player can touch the ground and collect the star. They must then fly back up to the planet; however, they cannot fly directly to the planet, like before, and fall, though, after flying beneath the observatory, Luigi will float back to the Planet of Trials. Once again, Luigi cannot fly on this planet.

Ghostly Galaxy's murderer-roof
To perform this glitch, the player should go to the Ghostly Galaxy and enter the Luigi and the Haunted Mansion mission. If Mario is near the window with Luigi, jumps down the platform, and lands on the spiky roof, Mario loses a life instantly. This likely happens because Mario goes out of bounds just before touching the roof.

Gravity blocks glitch
In the level Gusty Garden's Gravity Scramble, the player should perform a long-jump on the left corner at the bottom of the third group of blocks. If done correctly, Mario/Luigi may fall back to the planetoids where the Launch Star is. Because the blocks' gravity has been changed, if the player uses the Launch Star, they will fall back to the Launch Star immediately after landing. Therefore, the only way to progress is to die or reset the level.

Gravity tug of war glitches
There are two possible ways to perform this glitch in Bowser's Star Reactor. For the first way, the player must jump on top of the Thwomp after the spiral planet, then long jump off of it and spin. If done correctly, the player will be caught in a gravity tug-of-war between gravity of the planet and the out-of-bounds area until he or she finally flies out of bounds and dies.

The second method involves long jumping off the right side of the spiral planet after the 1-Up Mushroom. Doing this correctly yields the same results as the first one.

Half-Swim through the glass
This glitch can be performed in the Buoy Base Galaxy. Mario or Luigi must head to the edge ring of Buoy Base, like for the Explore the Buoy Base's Second Ring glitch. Mario should fall to the third ring. There, the player needs to walk to the glass. If done correctly, only half of Mario or Luigi passes through the glass, so the player can swim half in the space and half in water.

Inside the Dreadnought
In Dreadnought Galaxy, the player should select the Dreadnought's Colossal Cannons mission. At the end of the level, where the two Sentry Beams are found and when the final moving platform is close to stopping, they have to jump off. If performed correctly, Mario/Luigi will be pushed inside the planet and hang on to an invisible platform once inside. If the player presses, Mario/Luigi will get up, only to fall into space and lose a life.

Alternatively, the player can jump on top of a Thwomp on the Cannon Fleet Path Planet long-jump toward the building.

Invincible Koopa Troopa shell
To perform this glitch, the player must go to Sea Slide Galaxy's mission Faster Than a Speeding Penguin. The player must go to the island with the red Koopa Troopa and collect its shell, then return to the racing penguins. There should be a Green Koopa Troopa. If Mario touches it while holding the shell, he won't take damage.

Invisible platform
To perform this glitch the player must go to the second half of Bubble Breeze Galaxy. Mario/Luigi should backflip onto the rocks and land on a small invisible platform above the swamp with slippery edges. A huge shortcut can be taken in the level using the glitch, by long jumping to the area with the Power Star on the other side of the rocks.

Invisible Goomba
At the beginning of the Rolling Gizmo Galaxy, the player must ignore the Star Ball and spin a Goomba on the zigzag and knock it off the platform. Then, they must walk back to the ball, get on it, then go on the zigzag platform. The "dizzy Goomba" sound will still play, even though the Goomba is not there.

Luigi scream
To do this the player must first go to the Red Star near the Starshroom in the Garage of the Comet Observatory. The player must spin in an exact spot. If done correctly, Luigi will yell but not move. Mario can also do this if he spins in the air while as Flying Mario.

Lumacomète glitch
It is possible to cause Lumacomète to float upside-down. This is presumably triggered by talking to Lumacomète from a very specific place.

Magikoopa on the Moon
In the Sand Spiral Galaxy, If the player uses the Bee Mario path very quickly, and flies to the moon making only one stop on the spiral path, there is a chance that the Magikoopa from the beginning of the level will be on the moon right before Mario collects the Power Star.

Mario / Luigi inside the Beacon
To perform this glitch, the player will need to fly with a Red Star to the top of the Beacon. The character and will pass through the Beacon.

Mario is not weak
If Mario has only one life section left, he normally gets in a tired pose and his breathing voice effect can be heard. However, if the player activates the first-person view and then goes back to the normal view, Mario returns to his normal pose (although his breath can still be heard).

Misplaced camera
Mario/Luigi must be under a Launch Star, close enough to not need to jump to use it. The player should set the first-person camera mode and shake. The character will use the Launch Star and the camera will be misplaced very close to it. In some cases, such as the Launch Star at the Train Planet in Toy Time Galaxy, the camera will be kind of stuck on a wall.

Moving galaxies
First, the player must get near any Luma that will take Mario to a galaxy outside the domes. If the player goes into first-person view, they will notice the galaxy is far away from where they are. Then, the player should talk to the Luma, which will transform into a Launch Star. Without going in, the player should again go into first-person view. After looking around, the player should notice that the galaxy is much closer than before. The player can also use Flying Mario to fly and enter both Sweet Sweet Galaxy and Sand Spiral Galaxy after triggering the Luma.

Music glitches
There are four music glitches that can be performed in the game. The first one is in the Good Egg Galaxy, and the player must select 'King Kaliente's Battle Fleet', and go onto the roof of the house on the first planet. If Mario/Luigi starts to enter the orange pipe while using the launch star, no music will play until they reach the Airships or if they go into the hidden area on the rocky moon.

A similar type of glitch can be performed in the Ghostly Galaxy and the Deep Dark Galaxy. In the Ghostly Galaxy mission Beware of Bouldergeist, Mario/Luigi should barely enter the mansion, then come out. If done correctly, the mansion music will play outside.

In the Deep Dark Galaxy, in any level (except the Daredevil/Purple Coin comet), when Mario/Luigi enters the cave far enough, the music will change. If they come out of the cave, the music will still play, even if they get the Rainbow Star or Fire Flower in the level. This does not work while the Undergrunt Gunner is still on the beach in the mission Bubble Blastoff.

In the Gold Leaf Galaxy, there is a music glitch in the mission When It Rains, It Pours. To do it, one must spin to the end of the vine leading to the boss area and then spin and fall down outside of the boss area. If done correctly, the boss theme should play during the level instead of the regular theme.

Non-flying Bee Mario
In the Sea Slide Galaxy, Bee Mario must be as close to the palm tree on the tower island as possible without standing on the white border. If done correctly, by flying upward and landing, the flying meter does not refill until the player moves away.

Non-lethal Goomba
By standing as close to the edge of a platform with Goombas on it as possible, if a Goomba charges at the player, it does not injure Mario.

Pacifist-Goomba
In the "A Snack of Cosmic Proportions" mission in the Good Egg Galaxy, the player must go to the capsule-planet, open the hole and joggle a Goomba inside. Then, they must jump in the hole and stand at the same spot as the Goomba, but not get hit. Going in the First-person-mode and look him right in the face is possible. If the player goes away the Goomba can hit Mario again.

Planet orbit death
In the level "Beware of Bouldergeist" in Ghostly Galaxy, when the player gets to the hollow planet with a bouncy core, the player has to do a long jump, holding the forward. If it is done correctly, Mario or Luigi will end up orbiting the planet and, after some yet unknown conditions, he will fall to death, either through the planet, or moving past it.

Pull Star Movement exploit
By repeatedly Spinning while using a Pull Star, and grabbing the Pull Star to avoid falling, Mario and Luigi are able to access any area within range of that Pull Star.

Recollecting Star Bits
In the Comet Observatory and the Gateway Galaxy's second mission, normally when Mario shoots Star Bits, they they are gone forever, but if Mario transforms into Flying Mario, then he can recollect some of the star bits he shoots if  is pressed and held and the player points the star cursor at Mario, and Mario spins. This was a beta element for attracting coins and star bits, but flying Mario still can spin to attract star bits, as this was left in the game mistakenly by the developers (though it can also be done underwater).

Rising Dry Bones
To do this glitch the player must go to Dusty Dune Galaxy, then to the mission called Sunbaked Sand Castle. After the player ground pounds the button in order to raise the tower, the player then aims the cursor at the Dry Bones and holds down to stun it (while the tower is still rising). The Dry Bones will keep rising until the player stops stunning it.

Sad Toad
Wherever the Green Toad is found when he is mining, if the player enters first-person view and fires a Star Bit at him, he will frown until the level is exited or if the player uses a star spin on him.

Sand Mario
In the first Mission of the Deep Dark Galaxy, there is a cannon fixed into the beach. Mario or Luigi must jump into the cannon and hold the Z button while moving the remote backwards. The player then must aim at the spot where the umbrella connects to the pole as far to the right as possible. If done correctly Mario will be in the sand but partly in the lawn chair. Mario must then crouch and move forward and he will fall under the sand and start swimming in it. Another way to do this is to get to the part where Mario is partly in the chair and have a crab hit Mario then crouch down. While Mario is in the sand if he swims too far away or down he will die. Mario can access the inside of the red starshroom, the inside of one of the palm trees, or the vases just by jumping under them.

Stuck camera
The player must collect a Red Star in the Comet Observatory and go down the Fountain platform. From there, sometimes when the player flies out, the camera won't pan out of the platform, and the player can see Mario going out of sight. Some seconds later, the camera will return to normal. This can also be done via the Sand Mario glitch. If the player, while swimming through the sand, goes after the cage and then jumps out, they can go further inside the cave, leaving the camera behind.

Stuck on umbrella
This glitch only works in the Deep Dark Galaxy. The player can choose any mission except the comet mission. The player must enter the cannon and fire it into a certain red section on the beach umbrella. Once done, Mario is stuck in a curled-up position, though he can still be moved around. If the player stops moving the on the, the glitch will end.

Suicidal Spin Jump
As Luigi, in Bowser Jr.'s Lava Reactor, on the first planet, the player needs to do a triple jump towards the cage with the three coins in it and land the second jump right on top of the cage. When done, in the middle of the third jump, the player must spin and, if done correctly, Luigi will be sent flying towards the lava planet. Due to landing so far away from where the Launch Star makes the player land, Luigi will have no choice but to land in the lava, bounce around a few times, and lose a life.

Swim inside the planet
In the Drip Drop Galaxy if the player opens the chest with the Porcupuffer inside, upon getting get hit by it one can go just right resulting in being knocked down into the core of the planet. Mario can then swim around inside. To get out of the planet just swim to the surface.

Swim in freezing water
In the Freezeflame Galaxy, Mario (or Luigi) can swim and travel through freezing water without taking damage over time without an Ice Flower if a second player's Star Cursor makes him jump out of the water repetitively, within about 2 seconds of each jump.

Swimming in Loopdeeswoop Galaxy glitch
Players must go to Loopdeeswoop Galaxy and be next to a character. Then players must do a Backflip, spin and rapidly ground pound to home into the character. If done correctly, Mario or Luigi will then be out of bounds and be able to swim in the water of the galaxy.

Unactivated Airship
The player must go to Bowser Jr.'s Airship Armada, to the second cannon. The back of a ship can be seen at right. They must aim the top of the mast and shoot Mario (or Luigi). This ship is nothing except an invisible wall on one side. Near the prow is an asteroid with a Scuttlebug and under the ship, there is an 1-Up Mushroom. The only way to escape is to exit the level.

Unactivated Megaleg
When the player lands on the first planet, he or she must find the glass cage containing the launch star and triple jump off it. The second jump must land on top of the glass cage. Then the player should triple jump off the glass cage and spin at the highest point of the jump. If successful the player will fall to Megaleg's moon, but it will not be activated, so the player can run all over Megaleg but the Bullet Bills will not be fired and the cogwheels will not move. However, if the player goes to the point they would have landed if they had used the Launch Star, the cutscene will play and Megaleg will be activated.

Unarmed Dreadnought cannons
In the Dreadnaught Galaxy's mission Dreadnought's Colossal Cannons, the player must first lose an extra life on the moving platforms section. Then, by jumping on the first moving platform as far to the right as possible, the platform moves, but the cannons do not fire.

Very Long Jump
The player must go to Bowser's Galaxy Reactor, then go to the lava and rock planet. Go on the platform that is spinning backward, wait for the fire ball to pass and stay on the middle or right side of the platform. With correct timing run forward and then do a long jump. The result should look like Mario is about to fall on the lava but instead Mario will race across the lava and then smash into the platform where the next gravity spotlight beam is then he fall into the lava where the player can guide Mario onto the platform and go to the next planet.

Walk on the map
On the Comet Observatory, if the player jumps correctly, he or she will land right on top of the big blue map and stay there. The player can move left and right or jump off, but if the player does nothing, he or she will remain on top of the map without falling off.

Wrong planet vibration
This glitch can only be found in the Deep Dark Galaxy in the "Bubble Blastoff" mission. In order to experience this glitch, the player must either stand on the Starting Planet or shoot Mario to the Wooden Planet or the Gateway Galaxy Planet. Regardless of which of the planets he or she is standing on, the player must go into first-person mode and then have Mario look up at the Watermelon Planet, which is positioned to the left of the Starting Planet. When the player looks up at this planet and starting from that time, they will be able to feel the Wii Remote vibrating as the three tennis balls inside the Watermelon Planet continuously bounce around and hit each other, even though the player is nowhere near the planet, so they should not be able to feel anything at all, but they feel a small vibration only, as some people would not feel it. This is extremely odd, given the fact that the player will not feel the Wii Remote vibrate if Mario is standing on the Cheep-Cheep Planet, which is even closer to the Watermelon Planet than any of the three aforementioned planets, or even on the Watermelon Planet itself for that matter.

Standing on air
The Player must go to Bowser's Star Reactor and get to where Bowser starts spitting astroids at the checkered platforms. If Mario gets to the last platform before the Bowser battle Mario must quickly zoom in with the camera and Mario will stare at Bowser and not move while the checkered platforms sink down and Mario is standing on air. However, If Mario looks down, he goes out of camera mode and falls.

Stuck on Bowser Jr's Airship
During the final boss battle, after Bowser is finished talking to Mario, the Gravity will change and Mario would normally be drawn to the first planet they battle on. But if Mario spins at the right moment as the gravity switches and heads for the Airship, they will be stuck fighting uncontrollably. It is possible to be freed by the warping glitch or by jumping/spinning. Performing either action will send them to the boss planet.

Wrongly placed Comet Star icon
In the same dome, getting two stars in a galaxy and two stars in another galaxy, After getting the third star in the first galaxy, a comet may be in orbit for the second galaxy, but the comet star icon would instead appear in the first galaxy.