Mario Bros. (game)

Mario Bros. is an arcade game developed by Nintendo and released on July 14, 1983. It was also released on the NES under the Arcade Classics Series series of games (a version itself later ported to other systems), Atari 2600, Atari 5200, and Atari 7800 as well as a large multitude of home computer systems. The game is often stated to be the first appearance of Luigi in a game; moreover, Nintendo officially acknowledged this as well during the Year of Luigi that commemorated his debut. However, this is incorrect as Luigi actually had previously appeared in the Game & Watch game of the same name, though the arcade game was in development first. Beyond featuring the Mario brothers, the Game & Watch game bears no similarity to the arcade game. This was the first game to introduce coins, pipes, and POW Blocks.

Mario Bros. is also included as a separate minigame, functioning like the original game with updated graphics, in the two-player mode of Super Mario Bros. 3, for Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, and all four games in the Super Mario Advance series.

Story
The premise of this game revolves around twin plumbers, Mario and Luigi, who are in the sewer system of New York (their house according to Atari ). The sewers are overrun by waves of enemies, which must be defeated for coins.

Gameplay
The game features a simple stage in which the player plays in an endless game. Much of the gameplay appears to have been inspired by an arcade game named Joust. Enemies come from the pipes on the top and head downwards, where they may enter the pipes again to return to the top. The game features 22 unique phases (although Phase 2 was removed from non-Japanese versions of the game), and after the last phase has been completed, it merely loops the phase order from then on, the screen will still read "Phase 23" onward up to "Phase 98" (99 in Japan). After reaching Phase 98/99, screen text will stop incrementing, though the order of unique phases still loops. The phase counter at the bottom of the screen reads "KO" from Phase 25 onward.

The goal in each phase is to defeat all enemies, which is done by jumping up and hitting the floor below enemies. This flips them, giving the player the chance to kick them away, which is rewarded with 800 points. Enemies that are kicked over in succession quickly enough after the first will award 800 more points, up to 3200 points. The highest score that the game can display is 999,990 points, and scoring any more will overflow the display and make it start counting from 0 again. The POW Block can also be used to flip enemies; however, it can be used only three times. After an enemy is knocked away, a coin (a "wafer" in the Atari 2600 version of the game) appears from one of the pipes, and gives 800 points when collected. When all enemies are defeated, the player continues to the next phase. In later levels, different types of enemies and harming fireballs appear. From time to time, a bonus level appears where all the coins have to be collected in order to get an extra 5,000 points (during the first bonus level) or 8,000 points (during the second bonus level onwards). The POW Block regenerates after the second bonus level and every subsequent bonus level. Unlike the arcade original, upon reaching Phase 100 in the NES version, the screen reads "Phase 0", and completing it will start incrementing the phase counter again as normal.

NES controls

 * Move to the left/right
 * Jump / Punch from underneath
 * Pause the game

GBA controls

 * Move to the left/right
 * + : Quit
 * Jump / Punch from underneath
 * Pause the game
 * Pick game mode

Wii controls

 * Move to the left/right
 * Jump / Punch from underneath
 * Pause the game

3DS controls

 * Move to the left/right
 * Jump / Punch from underneath
 * Pause the game

Wii U controls

 * Move to the left/right
 * Jump / Punch from underneath
 * Pause the game

Nintendo Switch controls

 * Move to the left/right
 * Jump / Punch from underneath
 * Pause the game

Enemies
Target enemies must be defeated to clear the phase while other enemies should be defeated by the player's discretion. Each phase consists of one or two types of targets with a maximum of six targets. Shellcreepers and Sidesteppers appear together only in Phase 5 (6 in Japanese). The last target enemy will always move at its fastest pace unless said enemy is a Fighter Fly.

Reception
The arcade game was given a preview at the Amusement Operators Expo held at the O'Hare Exposition Center in Chicago from March 25-27, 1983. The reviews were mixed. Steve Arrants of Creative Computing Video & Arcade Games considered it his favorite among the ten games showcased while William Michael Brown of Electronic Fun with Computer Games thought it was a dud with difficulty being the main issue. John Holmstrom of Video Games criticized the slippery controls. However, the version they reviewed was a prototype. Michael Brown noted that the released game was much easier than the version he played at the expo. The promo photo that Nintendo handed out showed a standing red Shellcreeper as the stand-in for the "P" in the phase counter. It also shows Shellcreepers and Sidesteppers together in Phase 4 which is not the case in either the Japanese or international arcade releases. The game never broke into the monthly top 10 lists of most popular arcade games in the US.

IGN rated the 1983 NES port 91st in their Top 100 NES Games list.

Re-releases
The international version (first bonus level is phase 3) is part of the compilation Donkey Kong/Donkey Kong Jr./Mario Bros. arcade system published by Namco and released in 2004 in North America.

An emulation of the original Japanese arcade version (first bonus level is phase 4) was released worldwide for the Nintendo Switch on September 27, 2017 as part of 's Arcade Archives series, under the name Arcade Archives: Mario Bros. The Joy-Con can be used to play in two-player mode.

Ports
Mario Bros. received three ports for the NES/FDS consoles:
 * The first NES port was released in Japan in 1983 and abroad as part of the Arcade Classics Series in 1986. It follows the international arcade phases up to Phase 11. This version introduced two difficulty settings: game A (beginner) and game B (expert). Due to hardware limitations, cutscenes have been removed, enemies have much simpler animations, fireballs are made smaller, and icicles do not appear. The bonus rounds appear on different stages and none of them have invisible platforms. Mario and Luigi's clothes are colored differently. This port has been re-released many times (see below).
 * The second port was released in 1988 for the Family Computer Disk System, a Japan-exclusive accessory to the Famicom, under the title Kaettekita Mario Bros.. It is based on the previously released Famicom/NES version, but adds several elements to make the game more arcade-accurate such as icicles. It follows the Japanese arcade phases. In addition, a new mode titled "Nagatanien World" has been added, and the player can now change direction in mid-air.
 * The third port is the European-exclusive "Classic Series" version released in 1993. It was based on the aforementioned Kaettekita Mario Bros., and retained all the arcade features from it, while removing everything else except for the mid-air change in direction. This version was perhaps the closest port of the arcade game, and was one of only two ports to have the original arcade intermissions (the other being the 1988 version). Of note is that while the enemies use their sprites and colors from Kaettekita Mario Bros., Mario & Luigi use theirs from the first NES port. It also restores the game A and B difficulty modes that were missing in the 1988 version. Along with the above version, they are the only two ports to use the Japanese arcade phase system.

Previously, Nintendo split the rights for Donkey Kong and Donkey Kong Jr. between and  with the former publishing for home consoles and the latter for home computers outside of Japan. Coleco's demonstration of Donkey Kong on their upcoming computer at the June 1983 Consumer Electronic Show scuttled a deal between Nintendo and Atari, Inc. to distribute a localized version of the Famicom to North America. One week after the incident, Nintendo awarded rights to Atari, Inc. to publish Mario Bros. for both consoles and computers outside of Japan, which they did for the and  for the Christmas '83 season. A port for the was planned to be released in April 1984 as a straight port of the Atari 5200 version, but was canceled for unknown reasons. , the division which handled ports to competing computers, completed but did not release ports for the and  but they were leaked anyway.

For the Japanese home computer market, Westside Soft House published a port for the in 1984. It is noted to be extremely loud with screeching sound effects, along with low-quality visuals and animation. This may have been the result of a poorly done conversion.

After the partition of Atari, Inc., published home computer ports for the European market on the, , and Commodore 64 in 1987. The latter is unrelated to the unreleased port by Atarisoft and is noted for strange visuals and music.

In 1988, published ports for the  and Atari 8-bit computers. The latter is completely unrelated to the unreleased port and is noted to be very arcade-accurate.

Ports of 1983 NES version
Several direct ports of the 1983 NES version, running under emulation, have been released on later consoles. The first was on the Nintendo PlayChoice-10, an arcade machine that played NES titles.

For the Game Boy Advance, Mario Bros.-e is a US exclusive released as part of Series Two for the e-Reader on November 11, 2002, which omitted the two-player support. Japan next got an exclusive release in the Famicom Mini series, unconnected with the remade version described below, on May 21, 2004.

It was also re-released on Virtual Console for Wii for 500 Wii Points in November/December 2006, and for 3DS on May 8, 2013 (Japan), January 9, 2014 (Europe and Australia), and January 30, 2014 (North America, US$4.99). It has also been released on the Wii U for the same price.

The NES and Famicom version is also one of the 30 titles included in the NES Classic Edition and Nintendo Classic Mini: Family Computer, respectively.

Mario Bros. was made available as one of the 20 NES titles at the Nintendo Switch Online subscription service's launch in September 2018, and features online play.

Super Mario Bros. 3
A form of Mario Bros. is included as a separate battle mode minigame, called Classic Mario Bros. or simply Mario Bros., in Super Mario Bros. 3 for the NES and as part of the game's remake included in Super Mario All-Stars, utilizing Super Mario Bros. 3's physics and a variation of its graphics. This was the first version where Spinies replaced Shellcreepers, making it more obvious not to jump on the enemy, which would become standard in later remakes to avoid confusion with the ubiquitous Koopa Troopas of later games.

It includes two new bonus levels - a fountain that sprays out coins, and a series of kickable ? Blocks. Unlike all other versions, players will automatically get a coin for defeating an enemy instead of having to scramble for it from the top pipes.

A battle can be entered in two-player mode in the main game, by the active player on the map opening the Ⓜ or Ⓛ that represents the inactive player. This allows the players to fight over the cards, obtained by finishing a normal level, that give one to five extra lives when three are collected. The player that wins gets to continue the main game.

Super Mario All-Stars
In Super Mario All-Stars, a competitive Battle Game was added with different gameplay, selectable on the title screen for Super Mario Bros. 3. This version removed all bonus stages and introduced a single green Koopa Troopa to each stage whose shell can hurt the bros. but not enemies. This is the only version where the sprites for the Fireballs are replaced with Boos. The sprites for the Koopa Troopa and the Boos are different than those used in the main game. This is also the only version where enemies change color if the brothers flip them back up except for the Koopa Troopa but it will still speed up. The POW block can also randomly regenerate. Both brothers start off in Super form and Super Mushrooms will sometimes come out of the top pipes or are hidden in the platform blocks. This minigame also features the ? Mushroom which can swap the players position if they are the same form or switch their forms if they are different.

This version serves as the inspiration for the Game Boy Advance remake below.

Game Boy Advance remake
A remake of Mario Bros. is included in every Super Mario Advance game, as well as Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga (though it does not reappear in the 3DS remake). All of these games can connect to each other to play Classic or Battle mode with up to four players. Classic is based on the co-op mode from the original and uses the Japanese arcade phase system. Battle is based on the Battle Game from Super Mario All-Stars. The remake also uses the GBA's Single-Pak multiplayer feature. It can connect and play with other GBA systems without the game, although Battle is the only multiplayer mode that can be played in this way.

The GBA remake of Mario Bros. enhances the graphics to take advantage of the GBA's 32-bit capabilities, including adding backgrounds to the stages. Music is added where it was originally absent, and voice clips are added in single-player mode. Jumping onto platforms has been made easier; mid-air turning is allowed, as opposed to the original where Mario or Luigi had to stay in one direction during jumping. The Power Squat Jump from Super Mario Bros. 2 has been added, and the Bonus Stages are now noticeably easier than they were originally. There are also two POW Blocks per phase set, and they can be picked up much like in Super Mario Bros. 2. Players can also pick each other up and throw them.

Luigi Bros.
A remake of the 1983 NES port known as Luigi Bros. is included in Super Mario 3D World and Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury as unlockable content, with the only difference being that Mario is replaced by Luigi in his current appearance (green hat and shirt with blue overalls); player 2's Luigi retains his original appearance (white hat and shirt with green overalls, similar to Fire Luigi's color scheme in later Mario games). Unlike Super Mario 3D World itself, which is usually played using a 16:9 "Widescreen" aspect ratio, Luigi Bros. uses a 4:3 aspect ratio due to the NES port using it. Luigi Bros. is unlocked by defeating Meowser in The Great Tower of Bowser Land in World Bowser. In the original Wii U version, if the player has save data of New Super Luigi U, Luigi Bros. can be played straight away without having to be unlocked.

Sequels
The game had three obscure sequels: two direct 1984 follow-ups for Japanese home computers called Punch Ball Mario Bros. and Mario Bros. Special, and a 1995 entry for the Virtual Boy called Mario Clash.

References in later games

 * Super Mario Bros. 3: The "Battle Mode" is very similar to Mario Bros.'s gameplay.
 * Mario's Time Machine: The NES version of this game features a stage similar to the Mario Bros. arena.
 * Super Smash Bros.: Mario's green recolor resembles the colors Luigi wears in the Japanese artwork of the game.
 * Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga: A Mario Bros.-themed level appears in this game. A version of the game itself (as in the Advance ports) is also included. Fighter Flies appear as well as Sidesteppers only in the original version of the game.
 * Mario Power Tennis: A court is named after the game, and features many elements from it, such as Shellcreepers, POW Blocks and even similar music.
 * Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix: The "Underground Mozart" music is based on the first "Stage Start" theme with many of the sound effects from this game remixed in the song, which the song itself turns out to be Mozart's .
 * WarioWare: Twisted!: A microgame based on this game appears in 9-Volt's stage.
 * Super Smash Bros. Brawl: There is a stage based on the first stages of the game, as well as an arranged version of the title's music.
 * New Super Mario Bros.: In the Mario vs. Luigi game, there is a jingle that goes off when the player exits the Warp Pipe, which is the same jingle that plays when the player respawns in Mario Bros.
 * Mario Kart Wii: The POW Block is new to the Mario Kart series in this game.
 * WarioWare: D.I.Y. Showcase: A microgame based on this game appears in 18-Volt's stage.
 * New Super Mario Bros. Wii: The beginning of resemble the Mario Bros. arena.
 * New Super Mario Bros. 2: The Mario Bros. arena was remade in the second level of the Gold Classics Pack.
 * New Super Mario Bros. U: overall resembles the Mario Bros. arena. The Miis' cap and shirt colors match the player order of the colored Marios in the Game Boy Advance version of the game. Later in the Wii U re-releases of the Mario Bros. remake, the yellow Mario for player three wears purple overalls, the blue Mario for player four wears black overalls like the yellow and blue Miis' colored overalls, and the green Mario resembling Luigi wears dark blue overalls instead of the original purple.
 * Super Mario 3D World: Luigi Bros., a port starring Luigi instead of Mario, appears in this game. It is unlocked after the player completes The Great Tower of Bowser Land level. Alternatively, if the player has save data for New Super Luigi U on their Wii U, Luigi Bros. is available from the start of the game.
 * Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U: Mario's blue recolor resembles the colors Mario wears in the Japanese artwork of the game. In the "One Dog, One Bird, One Zapper" trailer announcing Duck Hunt, Mario's footsteps when walking in the classic portion were taken from the footfall sound effect from Mario Bros.
 * Super Mario Maker: Four of the forms Costume Mario takes on are based on this game. The costumes for Mario, Shellcreeper and Sidestepper are earned as random rewards in 100 Mario Challenge's Expert mode, while the Fighter Fly costume is unlocked upon clearing a harder version of the Gnat Attack minigame.
 * WarioWare Gold: This game contains a microgame that is based on Mario Bros., which is similar to Wario Bros.
 * Super Smash Bros. Ultimate: The Mario Bros. stage from Super Smash Bros. Brawl reappears in this game.

Staff
The Arcade and NES versions were produced by Gunpei Yokoi, both versions were designed by Shigeru Miyamoto. The music of both versions was composed by Yukio Kaneoka. However, the Commodore 64 version music was composed by Fred Gray.

Trivia

 * The music that plays when the player begins Phase 1 is part of Mozart's , which is also featured in Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix and Super Smash Bros. Brawl.
 * Mario's outfit on the Japanese cover would later be used as an alternate costume for Mario in Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U and an alternate costume for Wario in Super Smash Bros. Brawl and Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U. The outfit also made a cameo during Mario's transformation into Super Mario in the DIC cartoons. Additionally, Luigi's outfit on the Japanese cover would later be used as an alternate costume for Mario in the Super Smash Bros. series and an alternate costume for Wario in Super Smash Bros. Brawl and Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS / Wii U.
 * Mario and Luigi have three different death sprites: A generic one for most enemies, a frozen one for colliding with Slipice and Icicles, and a burnt one for fireballs.
 * The arcade version came out one day before the release of the Family Computer.