Koopa Troopa

"This shell was made to order. That's why it fits me so well. I mean, how cool do I look?"

- Koopa Troopa

Koopa Troopas (usually Koopas, Japanese ノコノコ Nokonoko, sometimes called Turtles) are common enemies in the Mario series, usually displayed as foot soldiers of the Koopa Troop, under the direct leadership of Bowser. Since Super Mario 64, however, many Koopas have appeared who do not work for Bowser (or any other villain), some of whom even act as allies to Mario during his adventures. Koopa Troopas are turtle-like creatures with removable shells that come in many different colors, with red and green Koopa Troopas being the most common. Koopa Troopas are popular for the many uses of their shells in the Mario series.

Koopas, along with Goombas, are among Mario's most common foes. However, in the Mario & Luigi series, excluding Troopeas and Elite Troopeas, typical Koopa Troopas have never been fought at all, prior to the release of Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam.

Concept and creation
As mentioned below, an enemy that first appeared in Mario Bros., the Shellcreeper, was the "ancestor" of the Koopa Troopa. When creating Super Mario Bros., a few changes were made to the enemies, including the ability to jump on them in order to damage them.

The Koopa Troopa's name comes from Bowser's Japanese name, クッパ　Kuppa, which is itself derived from the Korean dish of the same name. The last name Troopa, is taken from the word "troop" in reference to the Koopas' role as foot soldiers in Bowser's army, with the a likely added on to make the name rhyme. It could also be viewed as a corruption of the word "trooper", in the same way that Paratroopa could be analogous to "paratrooper". Their Japanese name, ノコノコ Nokonoko, means "unconcernedly," although the latter use is usually written in hiragana.

While often referred to as turtles, they actually bear more resemblance to real-world tortoises than they do turtles. For example, they seem to be land-based, having no real affinity for water and lacking webbing, and the rounder, less streamlined shape of their shells more closely resembles tortoises. Additionally, the Koopa Troopas' ability to remove their shells is not true to actual turtles or tortoises, although popular culture often overlooks this fact.

Mario Bros.


In the game Mario Bros, there are enemies called Shellcreepers, who bear a huge similarity to Koopa Troopas, but cannot be jumped on. Shellcreepers come in three different colors to indicate their speed: green is the slowest, purple is slightly faster, and red is the fastest. The Shellcreepers were replaced by Spinies in most remakes of Mario Bros., likely so players know not to jump on them, except for the version of Mario Bros. included as a vs. battle in Super Mario All-Stars, in which they were replaced by actual Koopa Troopas.

Super Mario Bros.
In Super Mario Bros., Koopas are the second enemy Mario encounters, directly after Goombas. They serve as foot-soldiers in the army Bowser uses to invade the Mushroom Kingdom. If jumped on, a Koopa recedes into its Shell, and can then be jumped on and used as a projectile with which to attack other enemies. If Mario gets hit by the shell it will revert him to small form or if he is already in small form he will lose a life. Also, if left alone for too long, however, the Koopa rights itself. The game features two different types of Koopas: one is green (teal in underground levels except in the remake in Super Mario All-Stars) and it walks in one direction until it is defeated or falls, and the other is red and patrols a set area without walking off any edges. A second species of Koopa called Hammer Bros also debut in the game.

Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels
They reappear in Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels working exactly the same way as in the previous game. However, they walk faster than before, making them harder enemies for Mario or Luigi to handle. They can now be found underwater, where they cannot be stomped.

Super Mario Bros. 2
Koopa Troopas do not appear from Super Mario Bros. 2 due to its role as a remake of the game Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic. However, their shells do appear as items throughout the game, which can be used to hurl at enemies, like in the original Super Mario Bros. Unlike Super Mario Bros., they do not hurt the player; this is changed in Super Mario Advance.

Super Mario Bros. 3
Koopa Troopas make a reappearance in Super Mario Bros. 3. They are once again common foot soldiers in Bowser's army, although their reach is much wider in this game, as Koopas appear in almost every Land Mario and Luigi visit. Super Mario Bros. 3 also allows the brothers to pick up a Koopa that had gone into its shell (a feature that will be present in later games), and to then throw it at enemies. In all of these games, Koopas walk on all fours except one Koopa in the game's ending sequence who appears to be praying at Statue Mario.

This game is also the first appearances of the Big Koopa Troopa, which, like other giant versions of normal enemies in this game, can only be found on Giant Land and Dry Bones, an undead version usually found in fortresses.

In the SNES version of Super Mario Bros. 3 (available in Super Mario All-Stars), Koopa Troopas also appeared in the Battle Game Mode. Unlike the Shellcreepers, the Mario Bros. can actually stomp on them. Therefore, Spinies fulfill the Shellcreepers' old role.

Super Mario World
Super Mario World marks many changes to Koopa Troopas. It marks the first time Koopas are seen walking on two legs in-game, and wearing shoes (which later became the standard look for them). In this game, when a Koopa is jumped on, it is actually knocked out of its shell, becoming a Beach Koopa. Shortly after getting knocked out, it will become stunned and vulnerable for a short period of time. To reclaim its shell, a Koopa has to walk back to it before Mario grabs it. In this game, Koopa Troopas traveled with Bowser to Dinosaur Land in an attempt to take it over, though this plan is thwarted by the Mario brothers. This is the first game to introduce Koopas wearing Yellow Shells and Blue Shells. Also, if Yoshi eats certain color shells, then he will gain abilites. Green shells do nothing, red shells allow Yoshi to spit fire, yellow shells allow Yoshi to make dust clouds, and blue shells allow Yoshi to fly for a short period of time.

The different color shells also point to the behavior of the Koopas. Blue-shelled Koopas act like red-shelled Koopas, but move faster. Additionally, when a blue-shelled Koopa loses its shell, instead of jumping into a new one, it'll kick any shell in its path. It also doesn't get stunned when it loses its shell, as it slides out on its feet as opposed to its belly like other Koopas. Yellow-shelled Koopas are unique and tend to chase after Mario, but act like faster green-shelled Koopas in movement. When yellow-shelled Koopas lose their shell, a coin pops out. Also, when a shell-less yellow-shelled Koopa finds a new shell, it will turn into a Kamikaze Koopa and chase Mario. It will be invincible to most of Mario's moves, however, Yoshi can eat this shell and gain all three shell abilities for a limited time, and a spin jump will also destroy this shell. Magikoopas can create yellow-shelled Koopas out of Rotating Blocks.

After the player completes the Special World, or find all exits in Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2, all Koopa Troopas (except climbers) become Mask Koopas, with their respective shells becoming round masks that vaguely resemble Mario.

Super Mario 64 / Super Mario 64 DS
Koopas make their 3-D debut in Super Mario 64, where they appear as rare enemies found in two levels. They appear as members of Bowser's army which have invaded the portraits of Princess Peach's Castle. Unlike almost all of their other appearances, the Koopas in this game do not act aggressively towards Mario; in fact, they attempt to escape whenever they see him coming. If jumped on or punched, the Koopas will be knocked out of their shells, which Mario can then ride on in a manner similar to surfing. One hit after they are transformed into Beach Koopas, and any hit will destroy them. Only green-shelled Koopas appear in this game. If Beach Koopas are destroyed, a Blue Coin will pop out. These Koopas are harmless and can not hurt Mario, but they can push him back if touched.

A more friendly Koopa called Koopa the Quick also appears in Super Mario 64. This marks the first time an individual Koopa is given a name and differentiates from the species, as well as the first appearance of a Koopa who seems neutral to the battle between Mario and the Koopa Troop. When Mario speaks to Koopa the Quick, he gives a high-pitched whooping that goes on to be the iconic voice of all Koopa Troopas, especially in the Mario Kart series.

Koopa Troopas also appear in the remake of this game, Super Mario 64 DS. Their shells can also be found in some blocks and can be ridden. There is also a fully functional unused red Koopa Troopa that can be found in the game's codes. When they see the player, the red Koopa Troopas will run into them and knock them around, unlike the green ones. Their shell cannot be ridden, but can be kicked to hit other enemies. Yoshi can spew fire after eating a red Koopa Troopa.

New Super Mario Bros.
After being absent from Super Mario Sunshine, Koopa Troopas next appear in New Super Mario Bros. Their role is exactly the same as in the other sidescrolling Mario platformers; a ground pound, however, can send them into their shells and cause them to begin sliding. In New Super Mario Bros. there is a multi-player battlestage where a single Blue Koopa Troopa reappears for the first time since Super Mario World. If Mario attacks it, he can take the Blue Shell and become Shell Mario. The Koopas dance to the vocal riffs in the music's background.

Super Mario Galaxy
Koopa Troopas reappear in Super Mario Galaxy where they are semi-common enemies found mostly on the airship levels. Surprisingly, they are shown walking on all fours and do not wear shoes, unlike in most of the previous games. This makes it the first 3D platforming game to show them walking on all fours and also the eighth game since Super Mario Bros. for them to do so. They always have angry expressions. As in most games, there is a red and green type. The normal green type appears rather commonly, but there is only one red Koopa Troopa in the game, which appears near Sea Slide Galaxy's lighthouse.

They do not flee from Mario unlike in Super Mario 64 and instead patrol a set area (a straight line for Green Koopa Troopas and a small circle for Red Koopa Troopas). Also, unlike in Super Mario 64, Koopa Troopas can actually hurt Mario in this game. As usual, jumping on a Koopa will cause it to retreat into its shell. Attacking with a spin will also cause the Koopa to retreat into its shell. Mario can also spin near a shell to make it fly into his hands so it can be used.

Koopa shells also appear as common items which can be thrown to defeat enemies and smash open chests or held onto underwater in order to swim faster; red shells travel faster than green shells, while Gold Shells, which only appear in Beach Bowl Galaxy and Bigmouth Galaxy, travel the fastest. Red Shells home in on enemies.

An unused blue shelled variant of a Koopa Troopa can be found in the game files.

New Super Mario Bros. Wii
Koopa Troopas reappear in New Super Mario Bros. Wii, acting like they did in the first New Super Mario Bros.. Koopas once again dance to the electronic vocal riffs in the background music by pausing and facing the screen, though they now do a bit of cha-cha. In this game, they appear in both green and red colored shell variations. The green Koopas will walk in a straight line until they reach a wall, but red Koopas turn around when they reach a drop in the ground. Koopa Troopas can be defeated by Spin Jumps and Ground Pounds, and therefore are much simpler to defeat than in earlier games.

Super Mario Galaxy 2
Koopa Troopas reappear in Super Mario Galaxy 2, and they act the same way as their predecessor. They only appear in the Cosmic Cove Galaxy, while Big Koopa Troopas appear in the Supermassive Galaxy. Red Koopa Troopas do not appear in the game, although there is a code to make Koopa shells red or blue.

Super Mario 3D Land
Koopa Troopas reappear in Super Mario 3D Land as fairly infrequent enemies. Unlike the Super Mario Galaxy games, the Koopa Troopas have their current appearance back, walking on two legs in-game, and wearing shoes, though only green Koopa Troopas appear, which is consistent with Super Mario Galaxy 2. They also seem to be a bit larger in this game, which, like the Goombas, make them easier to jump on. In the game, they appear to have more lighter blue eyes, while they have more of a dark navy blue pigment in their eyes.

Koopa Troopas are rare to encounter in the game, with only eleven appearing in the whole game, and are found in four levels (1-2, 1-3, 4-1 and S4-1). Of course, they act like they were in Mario's previous platformer games, where Mario stomps them and they can retreat into their shells so Mario can kick them to attack enemies. However, in this game, no matter how Mario attacks them, Koopa Troopas only retreat inside their shells when hit, though hitting them with another shell does destroy them. However, this only works if the Koopa that is hit hasn't retreated into it's shell; hitting another shell results in that shell moving, and two shells in motion hitting each other simply rebound. Mario is unable to pick up their shells in this game. While retreated into their shells, Tanooki Mario can whip them with his tail or Fire Mario can shoot them with fireballs simultaneously five times to make the shell break open and reveal a 1-Up Mushroom. They appeared as members of Bowser's Koopa Troop, which invaded the Mushroom Kingdom and kidnapped Princess Peach. Also, after the player has defeated Bowser for the last time, the Toads find a postcard that that has a picture of Luigi captured by a Koopa Troopa and a Peepa.

New Super Mario Bros. 2
Koopa Troopas reappear in New Super Mario Bros. 2, looking much like they have in the previous New Super Mario Bros. titles. In this game, when Mario touches a Gold Ring, Koopa Troopas turn golden for a time. When these golden Koopa Troopas' shells are tossed, a path of coins is created behind them wherever they go. Additionally, whenever a gold Koopa Troopa hits an enemy, and ascending number of coins are added to the player's coin count, depending on how many enemies are defeated.

New Super Mario Bros. U
Koopa Troopas reappear in New Super Mario Bros. U. They behave as in previous New Super Mario Bros. titles. Paratroopas and Big Koopa Troopas also appear.

Super Mario 3D World
Koopa Troopas return in Super Mario 3D World, with a more common appearance than in previous 3D Mario games. Here, they act differently from their appearance in Super Mario 3D Land by chasing Mario in a similar fashion to Goombas rather than walking back and forth in a straight line. They can also be removed from their shells like in Super Mario World, Koopas will try to get back in their shell if it is taken. They make the gurgling sounds they make in spin-off installments and Super Mario Galaxy and Super Mario Galaxy 2.

Players also have the ability to climb inside abandoned shells, which will cause them to change color. This speedy form of transportation can be used to defeat other nearby enemies. There also appears to be a time limit for how long Mario and company can remain in these shells before they become dizzy and must exit them.

Super Mario Maker
Koopa Troopas reappear in Super Mario Maker as an enemy. They function exactly like they did in previous games, except in the New Super Mario Bros. U game style. In the Course Editor, they are enemies that can be placed. They start out as the green variants, but when they are shaken, they turn into the red variant. Like many enemies, they can be enlarged by a Super Mushroom and be given wings, and in the case of the latter they turn into Paratroopas. They can be placed in Bill Blasters, Warp Pipes, and Blocks.

Super Mario Land series
Koopa Troopas do not appear in the first game of the series, Super Mario Land, instead being replaced by a similar species known as Bombshell Koopas, which explode after being stomped on.

Super Mario Land 2: 6 Golden Coins
Actual Koopa Troopas appear in Super Mario Land 2: 6 Golden Coins, and assist Wario in taking over Mario Land. These Koopas can be kicked at each other like in the Super Mario Bros. series, and they may right themselves after being jumped on. Koopas once again walk on all fours during these games. It is unknown what color of Koopas appear in the Super Mario Land series, as both of the games are in black and white. A Koopa also appears at the entrance to the Turtle Zone.

Wario Land: Super Mario Land 3
Only a single Koopa appears in Wario Land: Super Mario Land 3: a boss named Spiked Koopa Troopa. His appearance was that of a green Koopa Troopa wearing a spiked helmet and a spiked shell. He attacked by burying through sand and was impervious to damage dealt from above or behind, but had a vulnerable belly.

Mario Clash
In Mario Clash Koopa Troopas have a very important role. In this game, the only way to defeat enemies such as Thornies is to hit them with a Koopa shell. There are always two Koopas; if one Koopa falls of a cliff another will appear. They once again walk on four legs.

The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!
Koopa Troopas are the most frequently recurring minions in King Koopa's army on The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!. All of the Koopa Troopas are green, and are generally portrayed as being slightly slow and incompetent, although they are usually successful in carrying out simple jobs. The design used for Koopa Troopas on The Super Mario Bros. Super Show! was rather unusual, depicting them with green skin, green-rimmed shells, and beady eyes. It is possible that they were given green skin to better correlate with King Koopa's appearance. The Koopa Troopas on the show are depicted as bipeds, something that had yet to be seen in any game until Super Mario World. Also, as a joke, Koopa Troopas are usually seen wearing turtleneck sweaters.

In early episodes such as "King Mario of Cramalot" and "Rolling Down the River", Koopa Troopas speak in very slow, deep voices. However, in all of their later appearances, their voices, while still somewhat slow, are notably lighter.

In many episodes, a single, unnamed Koopa Troopa is shown to be a member of King Koopa's "Koopa Pack", which also consisted of Mouser and Tryclyde. There is never any indication of how this particular Koopa Troopa earned his rank in the Koopa Pack, as there is nothing to differentiate him from any other generic Koopa Troopa. This Koopa Troopa goes along with King Koopa's plots, and is usually dressed up in costume like King Koopa and many other minions to go along with the theme of the episode. He often battles Luigi and is then beaten by him.

Despite the prominence of Koopa Troopas throughout the show, Paratroopas only make one brief appearance in the episode "King Mario of Cramalot", and essentially look like red Koopa Troopas with bee-like wings.

Super Mario World television series
While no Koopa Troopas ever appear on The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3, a single red Koopa Troopa makes an appearance in the Super Mario World episode "Fire Sale". This Koopa Troopa's design is truer to the games than that of The Super Mario Bros. Super Show, and is based off of the Paratroopas that briefly appear in The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 episode "Do the Koopa". This is also the only Koopa Troopa to appear in the follow-ups from The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!.

The Koopa Troopa in "Fire Sale" never speaks, and serves as Kootie Pie Koopa's lackey and personal punching bag throughout the episode. Near the beginning of the episode, Kootie Pie jumps on the Koopa Troopa repeatedly, knocking him out of his shell. When Kootie Pie throws the Koopa Troopa back into his shell, he winds up wearing the shell backwards, and is stuck like that for a good while. Despite the abuse he took, the Koopa Troopa has the last laugh towards Kootie Pie at the end, when she is frozen in a block of ice. The Koopa just reads a magazine and sips ice tea, ignoring Kootie Pie's complaints.

Super Mario World: Mario to Yoshi no Bōken Land
In the interactive OVA Super Mario World: Mario to Yoshi no Bōken Land, several Koopa Troopas appear under the command of Iggy, but they are defeated by Mario, Luigi, and Yoshi.

Nintendo Adventure Books
Koopa Troopas appear throughout the Nintendo Adventure Books, which gives them a weapon not seen anywhere else; a retractable cannon in their shells that allows them to bombard their enemies with a seemingly limitless barrage of empty Koopa Shells.

The only noteworthy role Koopa Troopas have in the series is in the twelfth and final book, Brain Drain. Due to Iggy Koopa's Synapse Switcher, Luigi can switch minds with one, allowing him to go undercover in Iggy's hideout. While in the Koopa Troopa's body, Luigi also discovers that pizza tastes disgusting to them.

Super Mario Adventures
Several Koopas appear in the Super Mario Adventures comic book, which was loosely based on the Super Mario World video game. In this comic, Koopas first appear during Bowser's initial attack on Princess Peach's Castle. They are among the many enemies that come through Warp Pipes and attack the Mario Bros.

After the supposed rescue of Princess Peach from Wendy O. Koopa's castle, Toad is sent back to the Mushroom Kingdom with the aid of a Cape to get a rescue party for the Mario Bros. and the Princess. He is waylaid by Bowser and several Koopas masquerading as Toads, who aid Bowser during Princess Peach's second abduction in that story.

Mario is Missing!
Koopas accompany Bowser and the Koopalings to the Real World during the events of Mario is Missing!. In this game, Bowser sends Koopa Troopas to different cities throughout Earth, where they wreak havoc by stealing precious artifacts from various museums and national monuments. Before Luigi can advance through Bowser's Castle, he must return every missing artifact to its place. The Koopas in this game do not resist Luigi's attacks, and it is impossible to be hurt by them. When jumped on, the Koopas without artifacts disappear, while the ones carrying artifacts disintegrate into dust. This disintegration was a style commonly used in cartoons, where the body of a creature turns to dust until only its eyes remain. The eyes blink once, and then disappear.

Mario's Time Machine
In Mario's Time Machine, Koopa Troopas have to be defeated so Mario can get an item and warp to other times in history. They act just like the Koopas in Mario is Missing.

Mario Kart series
In addition to their numerous playable appearances, Koopa Troopas also cameo in both Mario Kart Arcade GP 2 and Mario Kart Arcade GP DX. In the latter game, one can be seen walking around near the starting line of one of the courses.

Super Mario Kart
A Koopa Troopa first appears as a playable character in Super Mario Kart, where he is a lightweight whose special item is a Koopa Shell. Koopa Troopa is one of the fastest characters with little traction in Super Mario Kart.

Mario Kart: Double Dash!!
A green Koopa reappears in Mario Kart: Double Dash!! where he is partnered with a red Paratroopa, and their special items are the Triple Shells, either Green Shells or Red Shells. Koopa's kart in this game is the Koopa Dasher.

Mario Kart Wii
A Koopa is playable in Mario Kart Wii, where he is given an outstanding Mini-Turbo bonus that is rivaled by Dry Bowser's, Dry Bones', and Wario's; he also is given a small handling bonus and he owns a course called Koopa Cape.

Mario Kart 7
Koopa Troopa also appears as a playable racer in Mario Kart 7, for the Nintendo 3DS. He is a Feather class racer, with acceleration and off-road being his best stats.

Mario Kart 8
Koopa Troopa returns as a default playable character in Mario Kart 8. He is a lightweight character, although he is one of the heavier lightweights, meaning his speed and weight are slightly better than that of the lightest lightweights at the expense of acceleration, handling, and grip, making him more balanced. He has the same stats as Toad, Toadette, Shy Guy, Lakitu, Larry Koopa, Wendy O. Koopa, and Isabelle.

Koopa Troopa is the Normal Staff Ghost for DS Cheep Cheep Beach.

Super Mario Bros. film
Despite Koopa Troopas absent from the 1993 live-action Super Mario Bros. film, early production artwork of the film version of Goombas had them labeled with the name "Koopa's Troopas". .

Yoshi's Safari
A single Koopa Troopa enemy appears in Yoshi's Safari, to aid Bowser in his invasion of Jewelry Land. This Koopa Troopa appears as the penultimate boss in the game, fighting in a giant robot made in the likeness of a Koopa. It has a gun turret manned by four Koopa Troopas. Several Koopa Shells appear as enemies throughout the game, however these may not have actually contained Koopas, as none are seen.

Hotel Mario
Koopa Troopas reappear in Hotel Mario as enemies along with Paratroopas, Dry Bones, Mechakoopas, and a new subspecies of Paratroopa called Z Koopas. In this game Koopas would open doors which Mario has to close. They act the same way as they did in their previous games.

Mario Tennis series
Koopa Troopas have appeared in three games in the Mario Tennis series. His first appearance is in the game Mario's Tennis, which features every playable character from Super Mario Kart with the exception of Bowser. He does not appear as a playable character in Mario Tennis for the Nintendo 64, despite the fact that Paratroopa does appear. However, four Koopas make a cameo appearance in Paratroopa's trophy celebration, where they congratulate him. Koopa Troopa reappears in Mario Power Tennis as a speedy character. His Offensive Power Shot is the Water Bomb, where Koopa performs a special drop shot that forces the characters to get close to the net. His other special move, the Defensive Power Shot named Water Shell Dash, consists of saving the loose ball by hiding into his shell and homing in to the ball to make the return. Paratroopa is also present in this game. However, instead of Paratroopa being Koopa Troopa's default doubles partner like in Mario Kart: Double Dash!! since Paratroopa is not playable from the start, Koopa Troopa's default partner is Yoshi.

Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island / Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3
Koopas also appear, albeit less frequently, in Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island, a prequel to the entire Mario series. In this game, Shy Guys largely replace Goombas and Koopas as the game's most persistent foes; while Shy Guys appear in almost every level, Koopa Troopas are much rarer. They first appear in the level Visit Koopa And Para-Koopa. In this game, only red and green shelled Koopas appear, and neither walk off the side of cliffs. Like in Super Mario World, these Koopas can be knocked out of their shells. There is also a boss Red Koopa in this game named Hookbill the Koopa. He first starts out as a Red Koopa, but is then put under Kamek's spell, turning Hookbill into a large, old Koopa that walks on all fours.

Tetris Attack
Hookbill the Koopa reappears in Tetris Attack as an enemy.

Yoshi's Island DS
Koopas and Para-Koopas reappear in Yoshi's Island DS as enemies. They look similar to their appearance in the SNES predecessor, but with a much lighter outline and a slight increase in size. Like in the previous game, if stomped on, the Koopas are kicked out of their shells.

Yoshi's Woolly World
Red Koopa Troopas reappear in Yoshi's Woolly World. When a Red Koopa Paratroopa is hit with a yarn ball, it will turn into a Red Koopa Troopa.

Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars
Koopas are absent from Super Mario RPG: The Legend of the Seven Stars, seemingly replaced by Terrapins, which are basically armored Koopas, similar to Koopatrols. However, many four-legged Paratroopas are present in the game, including the Heavy Troopa and Tub-O-Troopa.

Mario Party series
Beginning with Mario Party, Koopa's most frequent role in the Mario Party series has been the proprietor of the Koopa Bank or the Koopa Bank Capsule, a location which both takes and gives coins to and from the Player. A Koopa appears as Mario's starting partner in Battle Mode in Mario Party 3. Throughout the series, they appear as background characters in boards and minigames.

Mario Party
Koopas appear in the first Mario Party game to award the player with ten Coins each time the player passes the starting point (in a similar style to the game Monopoly). 4 Koopa's appear in the minigame Shell Game, were the player needs to find the Koopa who has the treasure chest with coins inside it. In Bowl Over, the solo player uses a Koopa Shell in order to knock over the three other players. An item called No Koopa can be bought in the item shop in Mushroom Village for 500 coins. The item causes so that Koopa will not appear near the start of the boards.

Mario Party 2
A Koopa appears in the intro of Mario Party 2 trying to warn the characters of Bowser's attack. One Koopa hosts the Koopa Bank, and another one hosts the Item Shop in this game. In Tile Driver, one of the pictures that sometimes needs to be made is a Koopa. Bowl Over also reappears in this game. A Koopa also appears in the ending of each board, being attacked by Bowser and the winning player rescues the Koopa before facing Bowser.

Mario Party 3
A Koopa Troopa appears as Mario's starting partner in Battle Mode in Mario Party 3. Koopa Troopa has one attack and two HP, and its salary is one coin. They also host the Koopa Bank once again. Koopa's, along with Goomba's and Boo's appear in the minigame Curtain Call, were the players needs to memorise the order which the Koopa's, Boo's and Goomba's appear. In the minigame Slot Synch, getting a Koopa on the Dice Block will give a team two points. In Three Door Monty, the players needs to answer which door the Koopa, Boo or Toad enters. The player who answers the fastest wins.

Mario Party 4
Koopa Troopa is one of the hosts that organized the party with the Party Cube, along with Toad, Shy Guy, Boo and Goomba. He sports a hawaiian shirt and is the host of his board, Koopa's Seaside Soiree and the option room. The Koopa Troopa made this board because he always wanted to own his own resort. He always appears to be laid back as well. Koopa Troopas (and related species) also appear in the following minigames: Paratrooper Plunge, where the characters have to avoid red Paratroopas, GOOOOOOOAL!!, as a member of the crowd Kareening Koopas, where in Story mode, he's the opponent fought against and as an unlockable character in the Beach Volley Folley minigame.

Mario Party 5
The Koopa Bank returns in this game. In the minigame Flower Shower, two Koopa's exits a church, and then the red Koopa will throw a bouquet up in the sky. The players needs to collect as many flowers as they can within the time limit. In the minigame Triple Jump (Mario Party 5), a Koopa is standing next to the 90-foot marker. Koopa's also appear in the background in Random Ride.

Mario Party 6
Koopas appear in the board Faire Square, hosting many of the board events. Koopas also appear in the background in Odd Card Out and Lab Brats. Koopas also take care of the Orb Shops during the day, while Shy Guys take care of it during the night.

Mario Party 7
Koopa's takes care of the Orb Shop's in Pagoda Peak and Windmillville. Also in Pagoda Peak, a Koopa named Koopa Master lives at the top of the peak, were he sells stars to players for 10, 20, 30, or 40 coins.

Mario Party Advance
A Koopa Troopa appears as the manager of the Town Koopa Bank, and is also the cousin of Paratroopa. When he appears in-game, the bank had just been robbed of all the safe's coins. Shroomlock and the player must solve the mystery of who robbed the bank by interrogating Mr. I, Goombob, and Paratroopa. In the end, it was Paratroopa who had robbed the bank; it was his idea of a prank. However, Koopa convinces Shroomlock not to arrest him, and Paratroopa leaves to get the coins. Koopa then gives the player the Gaddget Card Trick.

The end credits state that he and Paratroopa now ride bikes often.

Mario Party 8
In Mario Party 8, there is a rather notable Koopa Troopa called Holly Koopa who is quite minor in Shy Guy's Perplex Express, giving out money in exchange for candy when a player lands on her Green Space. In Star Battle Arena however, players must get 50 coins to her to win the match. Some other Koopa Troopas are found occupying the seats. There is also a green space that summons Kamek. Koopa Troopas also have their own board named after them in Koopa's Tycoon Town. Koopa Troopas are found nearly everywhere in this board from being bellboys to sitting on park benches. Some also act as taxis to get places. Another Magikoopa is found in Bowser's Warped Orbit. A Koopa Troopa is the main baker in Sugar Rush, a minigame. Other minigames they are in in Mario Party 8 include Picture Perfect where a flying Red Shell is one of the pictures, Blazing Lassos where they make a cameo, Breakneck Building in another cameo, Specter Inspector as an enemy to find, audiences in Fruit Picker, Pour to Score, Stampede, a biker in Moped Mayhem, and finally the proprietor in the Surprise Wagon and the music maker in the Carnival Calliope.

Mario Party DS
An unnamed Koopa Troopa and his grandfather, Koopa Krag, had major roles in Mario Party DS. In the game, Koopa Krag is trapped in a book by Kamek in Kamek's Library. While Mario and friends are heading for Bowser's Castle to get back to their normal sizes, Koopa shows up, requesting to the player to save his grandfather and defeat Kamek. After winning the party, the boss minigame features the player riding the magic book Koopa Krag was trapped in to face Kamek, by shooting ink blots from a pen at his face while avoiding Kamek's books. Once Kamek is defeated, Koopa Krag will return to normal and thank the player by giving them a Sky Crystal.

Mario Party 9
A Koopa Troopa appears as a starting playable character in Mario Party 9. This marks the character's first time in the series as a fully playable character. Some other Koopa Troopas also appear in several minigames. There is a constellation of a Koopa Troopa's shell called "Speedy Shell", purchasable at the Museum for 50 Points.

Mario Party: Island Tour
Koopas Troopas reappear in the game Mario Party: Island Tour for the Nintendo 3DS. One appears in a bubble in the minigame Spin the Bubble. Others appear as tiles in the minigames Match Faker and Tap Dash. One also appears as a constellation in the minigame Starring Artist.

Mario Party 10
Koopas Troopas reappear in Mario Party 10 for the Wii U. They act as non-playable characters. They can be seen in some mini-games and in the amiibo Party Mario board.

Mario Golf 64
Though not playable, Koopa Troopas do appear in the original Mario Golf for the Nintendo 64.

Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour
A Koopa Troopa appears as a playable character in the game Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour. In the opening movie, he is seen playing and then napping alongside Yoshi this may be a reference to them being default partners in Mario Power Tennis. Koopa Troopa has the best Impact and Control of any character, but he has the worst drive distance out of any character.

Mario Golf: World Tour
Koopa Troopas appear in Mario Golf: World Tour as NPC characters in the Castle Club mode. Also, Koopa is one of the names that can appear on the tournament scoreboard.

Paper Mario
Several Koopa Troopas appear in Paper Mario, both as enemies and allies. All of the enemy Koopas in this game have red shells, a pair of sunglasses, and spiked, black arm bands and collars, like Bowser. These Koopas aid Bowser in his plot to kidnap Princess Peach. In this game, Koopas are shown to be quite resilient, as they have a fair defense (full damage can only be dealt once they are flipped onto their backs) and have the ability to withdraw into their shells and shoot themselves at their opponents. It is also the first enemy to make the First Strike and if Mario gets hits outside battle with this enemy, the player cannot use the action command meaning Mario will have to take damage.

The "good" Koopas all live in Koopa Village, a place which is overrun by Fuzzies at one point in the game. After Mario and Goombario get rid of all the Fuzzies they become quite popular in the village (Mario even receives a Letter from the Koopas of the village at one point). One Koopa, Kooper, actually joins Mario's party to aid him in his fight against Bowser. There is also a baby Koopa Troopa by the name of Jr. Troopa, who constantly stalks Mario and his allies to pick fights with them for intruding on his playground early in the game. He also makes a very small cameo in the sequel Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door.

Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door
The red-shelled sunglasses-wearing style of Koopa Troopa was carried over to Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door as common enemies, despite Bowser not being the main antagonist of that game. In fact Bowser himself may encounter some Koopa Troopas during the parts of the game where he can be played as, though they all run away from Bowser when he approaches them. The "good" Koopas of Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door live in Petalburg. These "good" Koopas in this game are more true to the original Koopa appearance, with green shells and no shades or collars. Mario once again receives a Koopa partner, Koops. It is also mentioned that a heroic Koopa was one of the original four heroes who defeated the Shadow Queen; this Koopa's spirit is encountered at Keelhaul Key, as one of the four Black Chest Demons.

In this Nintendo GameCube installment, the evil Koopas are first seen in the path to Shhwonk Fortress in Petal Meadows. This variation is slightly stronger than the Paper Mario variety, since this one has more attack power. The Koopa Troopa is also the first enemy with defense to appear in the game. Koopa Troopas also appear in Hooktail Castle alongside Paratroopas, and rarely in Rogueport Sewers after completing Chapter 5, though here they do not appear out-battle and can only appear during a battle with a Hammer Bro, Koopatrol, or Magikoopa, again along Paratroopas.

Super Paper Mario
Red and Green Koopas reappear in Super Paper Mario. In this game, they don't have as much HP or Defense as in Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door. This time, defeating Koopas is harder, although one can do it with Boomer, Cudge or certain items. Even though they only have 1 HP, they would duck inside their shells. One could easily be defeated by another's shell.

A glitch is found in Lineland Road. It appears when Princess Peach keeps jumping on the Koopa Troopas while using her float ability; The player will lose points.

This game uses the Good/Bad Koopas system that was introduced in the earlier Paper Mario titles, but with a twist: in this game Koopas under Bowser's control weren't the "Bad" Koopas, and some even tried to save Princess Peach from Count Bleck. However, these "Good" Koopas still attack Mario and his party (in fact, if the player revisits the earlier levels as Bowser, Koopa Troopas without glasses still attack him), as do the Koopas wearing sunglasses under Nastasia's spell. Their apparent neutrality coincides with the presence of Koopas wearing red shells and green shells; "Bad" Koopas no longer exclusively have red shells, as green-shelled Koopas appear as foes wearing sunglasses and spiked collars. They appear in Flipside Pit of 100 Trials in room 11, 14, 16, and 19. A soccer version appears in this game.

Paper Mario: Sticker Star
Koopa Troopas reappear in the Nintendo 3DS game Paper Mario: Sticker Star. These Koopa Troopas no longer wear sunglasses as friendly ones in the game help in battle by damaging enemies, in the form of normal and Shiny Shell stickers. Similar to the previous installations, Koopa Troopas attack by folding into shells and ramming Mario though with more attack power. Using a Tail Sticker will defeat them. In addition to dealing more damage unlike other games, the shell toss attack occasionally inflicts the dizzy status.

Mario encounters some new sub-species of Koopa Troopas, such as the Mural Koopa that depict ancient Koopa Troopas to walk on all fours, similar to the Koopa Troopa's early appearance in the series, and the Shiny Koopa that does more damage and has more defense.

Super Smash Bros. Melee
Koopa Troopas appear in Super Smash Bros. Melee as enemies in the Mushroom Kingdom stage during adventure mode. They may also appear during a regular match by coming out of a Party Ball, though this is uncommon.

Super Smash Bros. Brawl
Koopa Troopas appear as part of Bowser's army in Super Smash Bros. Brawl; Donkey Kong and Diddy Kong face many of them while attempting to get Donkey Kong's Banana Hoard back, and a Koopa is actually the creature that stole the Bananas in the first place (under Bowser's order). Diddy Kong, Fox McCloud, and Falco Lombardi also fight some Koopas while searching for the kidnapped Donkey Kong. Bowser last uses Koopa Troopas to attack King Dedede's castle in order to steal the trophies that he had amassed. This was the last appearance of Koopas in the game. Koopas are not the most common enemies in this game (due to Bowser not being the main antagonist); Primids are actually the most frequently encountered enemies. In all the games where Koopas appear, their shells can't break, but in a cutscene where the Koopas steal Donkey Kong's Banana Hoard, it is shown that Donkey Kong can break their shells with his fist.

Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS
Koopa Troopas appear in Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS as enemies in Smash Run. They can attack the player by firing themselves like a missle, after being defeated, they will become a shell that can be thrown like an item.

Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga
In Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, Bowser takes many Koopa Troopas along with him, Mario, and Luigi inside his Koopa Cruiser when he flies to the Beanbean Kingdom. Bowser had planned to do battle with Cackletta, the witch who had stolen Princess Peach's voice, with his army of Koopas and Goombas (accompanied by the Mario Bros.)—however, the Koopa Cruiser was attacked by Fawful, Cackletta's henchman, before it could reach the Beanbean Kingdom. The Koopa Cruiser, along with all of its Koopas, crashed just outside the Mushroom Kingdom/Beanbean Kingdom Border, the impact of which knocked all of the Koopas unconscious. The Koopas of this game are last seen lying on the ground, although some are already starting to regain consciousness by the time Mario awakens.

During Mario and Luigi's time on the Koopa Cruiser the Koopas taught them many things, including how to battle. While on the Koopa Cruiser some of Bowser's Goombas started running rampant, and the Koopas, dubbed the name Bowser Baddies, ask the Mario Bros. to help them control the situation. Since no normal Koopa Troopas can be fought, beanish ones do exist as enemies.

Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time
Standard Koopa Troopas do not appear in this game but, as in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, Koopa Troopas are the crew of the Koopa Cruiser and look the same as their past appearance in the series. A reporter named Kylie Koopa also makes an appearance in the game.

Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story
As opposed to the past two games, standard Koopa Troopas make an appearance here. In Blubble Lake, Bowser rescues a group of Koopas from a cage and is able to use them as a Special Attack called Koopa Corps, where he spins his shell and rebounds Koopas (which go into their shells) onto enemies. Koopa Troopas are also some of the characters that are seen inhabiting Bowser's Castle.

Mario & Luigi: Dream Team
In Mario & Luigi: Dream Team, Koopa Troopas make a cameo appearance in Mario and Luigi's fight against Bowser Jr., as part of the audience alongside Shy Guys and Goombas. Kylie also makes a reappearance.

Yakuman DS
Koopa Troopa is an opponent in Yakuman DS, He frequently melds/declares his tiles and he is a bit harder than Shy Guy and Goomba. His default rank is 16.

Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix
In Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix they are messing around with Lakitu's farm. They must be stepped on once, then stepped on again to either defeat them or send them down to destroy a step. For this to happen, Mario/Luigi will have to get a perfect step. Once defeated, Lakitu gives Mario/Luigi the Key to the Truffle Towers. They also appear in Mush Mode. Koopas seem to struggle while on the screen in this game.

Super Princess Peach
Koopa Troopas, just called Koopas, also appear in Super Princess Peach, having the same roles from the Mario platformer games. They have the same appearance as in the Yoshi's Island games. There are four variants: Green Koopas, Mad Green Koopas, Red Koopas, and Glad Red Koopas. Koopa Troopas also appear with two Vibe variants.

Mario Baseball series
Koopa Troopas appear as team players in Mario Superstar Baseball, along with Mario Super Sluggers. Only two colors are playable, both of them being green and red variants. In both games, the Koopa Troopas has good chemistry with Bowser and Dry Bones.

In Mario Superstar Baseball, the green Koopa Troopa is a balanced type player, but its pitching is slightly weak. The Red Koopa Troopa sacrifices some speed to enhance its batting skills.

In Mario Super Sluggers, both Koopa Troopas have good batting and running skills. However, they aren't very good with their pitching and fielding skills.

Super Mario Maker
Koopa Troopas reappear in Super Mario Maker as an enemy that can be placed into a level. Although they are Green by default, shaking the Koopa will turn it Red, allowing it to turn at cliffs. Koopa Paratroopas are also present, and can be created by adding Wings to a Koopa. Both green and red Koopa Paratroopas can be created; the green Koopa Paratroopa simply hops forward, while the red Koopa Paratroopa flies vertically. Like almost all enemies, Koopas can be stacked in enemy towers.

All versions of the Koopa can be made large with the use of a Super Mushroom. Larger shells can break through blocks without bouncing. Exclusively in the Super Mario World game style, Koopas will be turned into Beach Koopas when jumped on.

Koopa Shells are able to bounce on Trampolines and Note Blocks in this game.

Other appearances, cameos and references
In Zoda's Revenge: StarTropics II, the guy holding the pizza which the player must deliver to Cleopatra rides a Koopa Troopa.

In the Wii U version of Scribblenauts Unlimited, Koopa Troopas (in red and green) can be spawned.

Koopa Troopas appear in Skylanders: SuperChargers as part of Bowser's moveset; however, due to an agreement between Nintendo and Activision, they are featured exclusively on the Nintendo versions of the game.

Physical appearance
Koopa Troopas are tortoise-like creatures with removable shells. In general, they have basic appearances compared to other Koopa species. They have elliptical beady eyes, large noses, short limbs and large heads. Their hands have four, pointed/triangular shaped digits and have three pointed toes on their flat-soled feet, which unlike other Koopa species, have no pads at all. In earlier games, Koopas were quadrupedal (walking on four legs), had flatter noses and detailed leg joints. Starting from Super Mario World onwards, they now stand on two legs, have more rounded noses and wear shoes with beige soles that often match the color of the shells they wear (in the Super Mario Galaxy series, however, they revert back to walking on four legs and have four toes on their back legs). Having beaks, Koopas Troopas have no teeth compared to other species (but may be drawn with them for expression purposes).

Koopa Troopas generally have yellow scales, but in earlier games had orange. Some Koopas can have green, peach and even turquoise scales. In Super Mario Strikers, the color of their scales would change depending on with team they were on: salmon for Mario's, peach for Waluigi's, and orange for Daisy's.

A Koopa Troopa's shell consists of a carapace with colored, hexagon-shaped scutes in a pattern on the top, with smaller, triangular ones at the edges, with dark flesh underneath that appear as "grooves"; a beige colored plaston with several "ribs" on its surface and six holes on it where the Koopa's head, arms, legs and tail emerge from; all joined by a white bridge that follows along the perimeter of the shell and rises at the spots where the Koopa's head and tail are. Despite having large heads, Koopa Troopas can pull them into their shells with little effort. Underneath their shells, they wear white undershirts (in Super Mario 64 and its remake Super Mario 64 DS also wear pink or blue shorts, respectively) and have round bodies.

From Super Mario 64 onwards, Koopa Troopas have been given voices created electronically, starting with whooping sounds (which were also shared with Goombas, Mega Goombas and King Bob-Omb, with varying speeds, until the sounds were exclusive to Koopa Troopas in later games), then other noises such as wheezing, clucking, and gurgling. In Mario Kart 8, they were also given high-pitched whistling sounds whenever performing an antigravity trick or placing first.

Mario Kart Wii

 * Size: Small
 * Actual Bonuses
 * Handling: +3
 * Mini-Turbo: +6
 * Site Bio:
 * Flag of USA.png "Koopa Troopa may be light, but he's rollin' heavy when you put him behind the wheel of this machine."
 * Flag of Europe.png "A racer with the heart of a champion, Koopa Troopa suffers the ultimate irony every time a shell hits him."