Nintendo Switch

The Nintendo Switch (codenamed the NX in development ) is a hybrid video game console released by Nintendo, and its seventh major home game console as the successor to the Wii U. Despite this classification, Nintendo markets the system mostly as a home console that can be played on the go rather than a dedicated portable handheld system. It was officially announced on October 20, 2016 and was released simultaneously on March 3, 2017 in Japan, America, Europe, Hong Kong, and other territories. It costs US $299.99 in America and JP ¥29,980 in Japan. A Nintendo Switch presentation containing more information about the system was live-streamed from January 12, 2017 at 11:00 PM to January 13, 2017 at 12:05 AM EST. The Nintendo Switch had a hands-on event on six separate Sundays in six different cities across America prior to its release date, along with Tokyo Big Sight, Japan. Pre-order retail reservations started on January 21, 2017 in Japan.

On January 4, 2018, Nintendo announced that the Nintendo Switch has sold over 10 million units and became the fastest-selling video game console in America within a time frame of the first ten months. As of December 31, 2021, the Nintendo Switch family has sold 103.54 million units worldwide, making it Nintendo's highest-selling home console and the fifth highest-selling video game console of all time. As of March 31, 2022, it sold 107.65 million units worldwide. The Nintendo Switch is often credited with bringing Nintendo back to financial relevance following the Wii U's disappointing sales.

Features
The Nintendo Switch is an LCD tablet-like console that is designed to be a hybrid between home and handheld systems, though it is primarily referred to as a home console. The Nintendo Switch can be played in three different styles; TV mode, tabletop mode, and handheld mode. In TV mode, the system is plugged into a "Nintendo Switch Dock". With the system docked, gameplay footage is displayed on the TV screen. With the console detached, the footage is displayed on the console's screen. When using tabletop mode, the console uses a built-in kickstand to prop the system up. When in handheld mode, the two "Joy-Con" controller pods are attached to the sides of the console, giving it a similar design to the Wii U's GamePad. The Joy-Con can also be removed and used either as separate controllers, similar to small NES and SNES controllers, used as one controller together, or optionally docked into the "Joy-Con Grip" to give a more traditional experience.

The Nintendo Switch console uses "Game Card" cartridges, similar to the Nintendo DS line. The Nintendo Switch Dock also has two USB 2.0 ports, an HDMI output, an AC adapter port, and a TV output LED light. The Nintendo Switch has built in Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 4.1 connectivity, a multi-touch capacitive touchscreen of 6.2-inch diagonally, a resolution of 1080p on TV mode and 720p on tabletop and handheld mode, a USB Type-C connector, internal storage of 32 GB, a microSD slot (upgradable with microSDHC/SDXC cards), a 3.5mm headphone jack, a brightness sensor, two speakers in the bottom, and a battery life ranging anywhere between 2.5-6.5 hours. For example, battery life during The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild gameplay is 3 hours.

Players can also link up to 8 multiple consoles to play against each other via local multiplayer. Each Joy-Con can be used for 2 player, dubbed by Nintendo as "sharing the joy".

Language and region support
Nintendo Switch does not have region locking (except the mainland China model), similar to Nintendo handhelds prior to the Nintendo DSi, and features enhanced language and region accessibility. The system can be changed to any of the nine languages: English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Dutch, Portuguese, Russian, and Japanese. As of January 29, 2019, it can also be changed to Traditional Chinese, Simplified Chinese, and Korean.

There are four different region codes that the user can select from: Japan, the Americas, Europe, and Australia/New Zealand. As of April 15, 2019, it can also be changed to Hong Kong/Taiwan/South Korea. Depending on the region code chosen, the dialect for the English, French, and Spanish languages will also change (e.g. setting the region code to Europe and the language to English will set the overall language to British English, while setting the region code to The Americas and the language to English will set the overall language to American English). As of December 1, 2020, setting the region code to The Americas and the language to Portuguese will set the overall language to Brazilian Portuguese.

The mainland China (Tencent) model is region-locked and users cannot change their region (China) or language (Simplified Chinese). It plays import cartridges, but does not support online multiplayer on import games or non-China eShop access. China-region cartridges cannot be played on other Nintendo Switch models.

Nintendo Switch Lite
The Nintendo Switch Lite (model number HDH-001) is the second version of the Nintendo Switch announced on July 10, 2019 and released worldwide on September 20, 2019. Unlike the original, this console is smaller and is handheld only, lacking the ability to be docked. This console can only play games that support handheld mode. Games that require use of motion controls (e.g. Super Mario Party) are not supported due to absence of the IR Motion Camera (though regular Joy-Con controllers can be connected to play these games). The directional buttons are also replaced by a single directional pad. Due to only being able to play in handheld mode, the Nintendo Switch Lite can only render games at a maximum output resolution of 720p.

The Nintendo Switch Lite is the first one-screen dedicated handheld since the Game Boy Micro in 2005.

Extended battery revision
On July 17, 2019, Nintendo announced a slightly enhanced version of the Nintendo Switch with the model number HAC-001(-01), which is identical to the original in appearance, but sports substantially longer battery life; whereas a regular Nintendo Switch has only 2.5 to 6.5 hours of battery life, this version has 4.5 to 9 hours of battery life. It was first released in August 2019.

Nintendo Switch – OLED Model
The Nintendo Switch – OLED Model (model number HEG-001) is an enhanced revision of the Nintendo Switch that was announced on July 6, 2021, and features a 7-inch screen, a wider and adjustable stand, enhanced audio, a wired LAN port built into the dock, and 64 GB of internal storage. It was released on October 8, 2021, and is available in white and neon blue/neon red.

Joy-Con
The two Joy-Con have an and  sensor. The Joy-Con (R) has an motion camera that can sense and measure the real-time shape, motion, and distance of objects. Two SL and SR shoulder buttons are on each Joy-Con. The Joy-Con can be slid into the Joy-Con Grip on the controllers' rails. The Joy-Con launched with two color sets: the standard gray, along with neon blue and neon red. Neon yellow Joy-Con were released on June 16, 2017, and neon pink and neon green Joy-Con were released on January 5, 2018. Much like the Wii Remote, each Joy-Con has gray wrist straps with slide locks, with other wrist strap colors sold separately. Neon purple and neon orange Joy-Con were released on October 4, 2019. Aside from just neon colors and gray, Joy-Con are available in standard blue, Mario-themed red, and Luigi-themed green colors.

An "HD Rumble" feature for high definition haptic feedback is included in the Joy-Con, which can convey realistic effects. For example, a demo for the January 2017 presentation showed that shaking the Joy-Con can give the illusion of ice cubes being shaken within a glass cup. The HD Rumble also helps move certain Toy-Con cardboard builds, such as a race car acting much like a toy remote controlled car when connected to the Joy-Con. The minigame-based game , which was released as a launch title, and the wrestling game ARMS, released on June 16, 2017, are two games that heavily utilize the Joy-Con HD Rumble and motion control features.

The Joy-Con (L) has a capture button that can take a screenshot of gameplay, which can be saved onto the system's Album, and can later be edited and uploaded to social media. A Nintendo Switch 4.0.0 update on October 19, 2017 added the capacity to record real-time gameplay of up to 30 seconds and allow that to also be uploaded to social media, though it has been discussed that another update in the near future will allow for longer recording times. The Joy-Con (R) contains a built-in camera for taking pictures and recording video. Both Joy-Con have Bluetooth 3.0 connectivity, and each has a charging time of 3.5 hours and a battery life of up to 20 hours.

Buttons

 * Release buttons
 * Sync buttons
 * Volume buttons
 * Power
 * Release buttons
 * Sync buttons
 * Volume buttons
 * Power
 * Release buttons
 * Sync buttons
 * Volume buttons
 * Power
 * Release buttons
 * Sync buttons
 * Volume buttons
 * Power
 * Power
 * Power
 * Power
 * Power
 * Power
 * Power
 * Power
 * Power

Nintendo Switch Pro Controller
A traditional controller, simply called the Nintendo Switch Pro Controller, also has a +Control Pad, replacing one set of the directional buttons on the Joy-Con (L). The Pro Controller features the same set-up as the Nintendo GameCube Controller, with the Right Stick set below the face buttons. The Nintendo Switch Pro Controller has a charging time of 6 hours and a battery life of up to 40 hours, includes an NFC touchpoint for reading and writing amiibo figures and amiibo cards, and is sold separately.

amiibo
The Nintendo Switch has amiibo support. The Joy-Con (R), Nintendo Switch Pro Controller, and Nintendo Switch Lite, all have an touchpoint for reading and writing amiibo figures and amiibo cards.

Nintendo Labo
 is a do-it-yourself cardboard toy platform for the Nintendo Switch, primarily targeted at children. Players insert the Nintendo Switch console and Joy-Con in cardboard constructions (collectively referred to as "Toy-Con"), which are compatible with certain games. First shown in January 2018, the Toy-Con themselves were released on April 20, 2018 as either a variety kit for US $69.99 or a stand alone robot suit for US $59.99. The customization set for Nintendo Labo includes stickers of eyes of various Nintendo characters, including, but not limited to, Mario, Peach, Goomba, Boo, and Bowser.

As of the version 1.5.0 update on June 26, 2018, Mario Kart 8 Deluxe can be played with the Toy-Con Motorbike. Mario Kart 8 Deluxe can also be played with the Toy-Con Car, Pedal, and Key as of the game's version 1.7.0 update.

Through the version 1.3.0 update, Super Mario Odyssey includes a VR experience of the game which uses the Nintendo Labo Toy-Con VR Goggles. The experience features three mini-missions set in the Cap Kingdom, Seaside Kingdom, and Luncheon Kingdom.

In Super Smash Bros. Ultimate in versions 3.1.0 and later, a single player can play or spectate regular Time matches in virtual reality using the Toy-Con VR Goggles.

The Nintendo Switch version of Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker became compatible with the Toy-Con VR Goggles through the version 1.3.0 update, which features a mode where the player can play VR versions of four of the game's levels: Episode 1 Prologue, Walleye Tumble Temple, Briny Bowl Swimming Hole, and Mine Cart Tunnel Throwdown.

GameCube Controller Adapter
As of version 4.0.0, the GameCube Controller Adapter originally developed for the Wii U can also be used for compatible games on the Nintendo Switch such as Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, allowing the user to connect up to four Nintendo GameCube Controllers. Like on the Wii U, there are two USB ports on the Switch dock into which the adapter is plugged. All games recognize the GameCube controllers as a wired Nintendo Switch Pro Controller without motion controls.

Software
Software for Nintendo Switch can be purchased from retail and/or Nintendo eShop (in addition, some software can be downloaded from eShop for free). The Nintendo Switch is the first major home console since the Nintendo 64 to have retail software stored on cartridges rather than discs.

Nintendo Switch Online
Nintendo Switch Online is a membership service that grants players online play for compatible Nintendo Switch games, which launched on September 18, 2018 in North America, and on September 19, 2018 in Japan, Europe, and Oceania. Prior to its launch, players were able to play online at no charge during a "free trial" period, after which they must pay a subscription fee for a plan lasting in increments of one month, three months, or 12 months. A week long trial period is available to use, after which payment will automatically begin renewing for the specified plan unless auto-renewal is turned off. The Nintendo Switch is also able to synchronize with smartphones via an application of the same name; this allows for online capability to invite friends to play online, set play appointments, and voice chat with friends on online matches. Members can also find Nintendo Switch Online-specific news and information in an application of the same name on the Switch's home menu. Standard online features such as the Nintendo eShop and system updates do not require a Nintendo Switch Online subscription to access.

The Nintendo Switch Online service also includes an application called Nintendo Entertainment System - Nintendo Switch Online, which gives members access to a selection of NES/Famicom games that can be played cooperatively or competitively with other players online. The Nintendo Switch Online service also includes a cloud backup feature that allows the player to save their data online for easy access. When playing NES/Famicom games online, other players can display a cursor on-screen to point out hints and secrets. Donkey Kong, Mario Bros., Super Mario Bros., Dr. Mario, Super Mario Bros. 3 and Yoshi were among the 20 NES titles made available at the service's launch, with new titles added in the following months.

As part of the service's exclusive offers, members can also purchase a pair of Joy-Con controllers styled after NES controllers, which feature extra L and R shoulder buttons similar to the Joy-Con's and  buttons and can be connected to the console itself to recharge in a similar fashion. While both NES controllers are identical, as with the original Famicom controllers, the Famicom Joy-Con exclusive to Japanese members are slightly different from each other, with the left controller featuring the and  buttons, and the right controller featuring the volume slider and microphone.

In the September 2019 Nintendo Direct, Nintendo announced Super Nintendo Entertainment System - Nintendo Switch Online, a follow-up to the previous application featuring a selection of SNES / Super Famicom titles, which launched on September 5, 2019 in North America and on September 6, 2019 in Japan, Europe, and Oceania. Super Mario Kart, Super Mario World, and Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island were among the 20 SNES titles made available at the service's launch, with additional titles being added thereafter. SNES / Super Famicom-styled Joy-Con controllers were also made available.

In the September 2021 Nintendo Direct, Nintendo announced an "Expansion Pack" (Japanese: 追加パック, Tsuika Pakku) to the subscription, and was released on October 25, 2021 in North America and on October 26, 2021 in Japan, Europe, and Oceania. The membership plan includes all of the content in the base plan with the addition of Nintendo 64 and games, Animal Crossing: New Horizons – Happy Home Paradise (added on November 5, 2021), Mario Kart 8 Deluxe – Booster Course Pass (added on March 18, 2022), and Splatoon 2: Octo Expansion (added on April 22, 2022). As with previous platforms, Nintendo 64- and Sega Genesis-styled wireless controllers were also made available.

Compatible games
The following games require a subscription to play online: Super Mario Odyssey does not require a subscription, while WarioWare: Get It Together! only requires an online subscription to upload high scores.
 * Mario Kart 8 Deluxe
 * Minecraft: Nintendo Switch Edition
 * Mario Tennis Aces
 * Super Mario Party
 * Super Smash Bros. Ultimate
 * Super Mario Maker 2
 * Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020
 * Super Mario Bros. 35
 * Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury
 * Mario Golf: Super Rush

Pricing
* - Up to eight Nintendo Accounts can use the same Nintendo Switch Online service.

Missions & Rewards
From March 2022, Nintendo Switch Online members can access a "Missions & Rewards" section in the Switch's Nintendo Switch Online app where they can complete Nintendo Switch Online-specific tasks, such as opening the app, using the cloud backup feature, or playing online or a specific game on Nintendo Entertainment System - Nintendo Switch Online, to earn My Nintendo Platinum Points which can then be exchanged for "icon parts" (characters, backgrounds, and frames) for use in their Switch profile pictures. Icon parts can only be redeemed via a paid Nintendo Switch Online subscription, i.e. they are not redeemable for members who only have an active free trial. The redeemable icon parts are categorized by game: a monthly "spotlight software" category that features a weekly selection of icon parts from a specific game, and an Animal Crossing: New Horizons category that features icon parts for residents who have birthdays in the current month. On occasions, another game can be added as a "special reward", such as Kirby and the Forgotten Land.

Characters cost 10 Platinum Points each while backgrounds and frames cost five. After redeeming icon parts, the player can then assemble them in the icon collection sub-screen, after which they can then be applied to their profile picture. Some of the character icons are indicated with "Character with background", meaning that some icons of the character have the background baked in for them, and thus a different background cannot be selected for them. A background or frame cannot be redeemed without redeeming a character from the same game first.

The following is a list of Mario-related characters featured in the spotlight software category (Any character marked with "Character with Background" is marked with an asterisk):

Nintendo Switch Parental Controls
The Nintendo Switch also uses optional parental controls, being controlled from a smartphone via an application named Nintendo Switch Parental Controls, in order to control and monitor a minor's playing time, as well as restricting certain features of the Nintendo Switch. Nintendo has released a video featuring Bowser and Bowser Jr. detailing the functions of the application in multiple languages, with the former monitoring the latter's playing of Mario Kart 8 Deluxe. Boos also appear in the video and Bowser is shown to have a picture of Princess Peach as his phone's wallpaper.

Nintendo eShop
The Nintendo eShop is the online storefront used for purchasing software and games on the Nintendo Switch. It was revealed during a small footage depicting the Nintendo Switch's system menu, which is available after a system update.

Nintendo Switch HOME Menu
At the top of the Nintendo Switch's system menu, referred to as the HOME Menu, there are profile icon(s), a time display, a Wi-Fi/airplane mode status display, and a battery display. The middle portion includes grids for displaying games' icons, and the bottom has icons for applets including Nintendo Switch Online, News, Nintendo eShop, Album, Controllers, System Settings, and Sleep Mode, along with a controller display in the lower left.

Development
The Nintendo Switch was originally codenamed the "NX" during development, which was not believed to have meant anything in particular. The development of the NX was first mentioned by Satoru Iwata on March 15, 2015 during Nintendo and DeNA's Business and Capital Alliance Announcement, where it was discussed how Nintendo was aiming to "construct a bridge between smart devices and dedicated video game hardware". Later that year, the new Nintendo president Tatsumi Kimishima elaborated by saying that the NX was not going to be another version of the Wii or Wii U platforms, rather "something unique and different".

In 2013, Nintendo chose to merge the handheld and home console development teams into a single Research & Development division, due to the emerging possibility of integrating the software used by both platforms. Satoru Iwata said that it was important to "take advantage" of the established architecture of the Wii U while developing a future system, because of the ability to use common ways to program a handheld display and a full-size television display. At the time, Iwata stated that Nintendo was aiming to change the situation of developing separate versions of games for both handheld and console versions. He expressed interest in developing new hardware using the common programming of Android software, which would help alleviate the time taken to port the same game between separate handheld and home console releases.

Yoshiaki Koizumi, the general producer of the Nintendo Switch console, made sure that the hardware development team included experience from "various different sections and disciplines", including both handheld and home console design. He wanted to make sure sure that there was a high potential of "mixing and matching" those different areas of experience, to reach a single product. Many different hardware designs were proposed and considered, including a patented elliptical touch-screen controller capable of 3D display, as well as a controller which uses a camera to sense the player's hand actions. The NX's vision was to appeal to the on-the-go lifestyle of today's consumers, and adapt to their needs. This lead to the concept of "switching" between a home console and a handheld.

Shinya Takahashi, the general manager of the Entertainment Planning & Development Division at Nintendo, described how the early brainstorming stages focused on the essential functions of a portable home console. The team also looked back at the accessibility and popularity of the Wii when developing the Switch, while still retaining features from other past Nintendo consoles, such as the handheld screen of the Wii U. Early on, it was also considered important for the system to come with two controllers that can be attached and brought on the go for two players to easily play together (in a similar way to how the Famicom docked two controllers on the system), although still providing a "full and satisfying single-player experience". Reggie Fils-Aime stressed the concept of "constant engagement" during Nintendo Switch planning, and appeal to an "anywhere, anytime, any way" approach. The use of color was recognized to have been emphasized by Nintendo's systems in the past, notably with the Nintendo GameCube and Super Nintendo's multi-colored buttons. This inspired the use of red and blue Joy-Con for the Nintendo Switch, whereas the alternative gray design was aimed to appeal more to a "core gamer who is looking for something more sleek".

A notable challenge during development was "packing" all of the required technology and features into the Joy-Con's desired weight and size, such as the IR Motion Camera, while still focusing on "communicating" the value of that technology through the software. The HD Rumble, described by Yoshiaki Koizumi as a form of "virtual reality", required a lot of collaboration and trials between the hardware and software teams in order to utilize it within game design.

In 2015, Satoru Iwata spoke about how the need for region locking was not entirely due to consumer actions, but of the seller in global vendor licenses and different circumstances between countries. Iwata acknowledged that there were advantages for both the consumers and Nintendo in lifting region restrictions, and if future hardware were to use region-free games, then such problems would need to be pre-determined and subsequently solved. On January 12, 2017, Nintendo announced during a livestream presentation that the Nintendo Switch's games will be region-free.

The name "Nintendo Switch" was decided due to the ability to easily switch from a television screen to a handheld screen, as well as being akin to flipping a switch to "change the way people experience entertainment in their daily lives."

Physical and digital games

 * Mario Kart 8 Deluxe
 * Mario + Rabbids Kingdom Battle (Gold Edition, featuring Season Pass content, later released separately)
 * Super Mario Odyssey
 * Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze
 * Minecraft (Bedrock version)
 * Mario Tennis Aces
 * Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker
 * Super Mario Party
 * Super Smash Bros. Ultimate
 * New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe
 * Yoshi's Crafted World
 * Super Mario Maker 2
 * Luigi's Mansion 3
 * Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020
 * Paper Mario: The Origami King
 * Super Mario 3D All-Stars
 * Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury
 * Mario Golf: Super Rush
 * WarioWare: Get It Together!
 * Mario Party Superstars
 * Mario Strikers: Battle League
 * Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope

Nintendo eShop exclusive games

 * Minecraft: Nintendo Switch Edition
 * Arcade Archives: Mario Bros.
 * Arcade Archives: VS. Super Mario Bros.
 * Arcade Archives: Donkey Kong
 * Nintendo Entertainment System - Nintendo Switch Online
 * Arcade Archives: Donkey Kong Jr.
 * Arcade Archives: Donkey Kong 3
 * Mario Tennis Aces: Online Tournament Demo
 * Mario Tennis Aces: Special Online Demo
 * Arcade Archives: Pinball
 * Super Nintendo Entertainment System - Nintendo Switch Online
 * Arcade Archives: Golf
 * Arcade Archives: VS. Wrecking Crew
 * Super Mario Bros. 35
 * Mario Kart Live: Home Circuit
 * Nintendo 64 - Nintendo Switch Online

Appearances in the Mario franchise
The Nintendo Switch console and its peripherals have made multiple appearances in the Mario franchise.

Super Mario Run
A docked Nintendo Switch with red and blue Joy-Con attached appears as a statue in Super Mario Run's Kingdom Builder mode. Tapping it shows the console being removed from the dock which the screen displays the key artwork from Mario Kart 8 Deluxe.

Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze
In the Nintendo Switch version of Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze, exclusively in Funky Mode, Donkey Kong may pick up a Nintendo Switch system and play it for a short while if the player leaves him idle. If Diddy Kong or Dixie Kong are mounted on his back, they will play together with DK, but Cranky Kong will refuse to. In Original Mode, Donkey Kong plays on a Nintendo 3DS instead.

WarioWare Gold
The Nintendo Switch and two Joy-Con appear in the WarioWare Gold microgame Joy-Con Slide, in which the player must slide a Joy-Con into the system. A Nintendo Switch also appears as one of the various souvenirs the player can obtain from the Capsule Machine.

WarioWare: Get It Together!
In WarioWare: Get It Together!, blue and red Joy-Cons appear as the platforms for players 1 and 2 respectively in 9-Volt's stage.

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate
The Toy-Con Robot, Toy-Con Car, and Toy-Con VR Goggles attached to a Nintendo Switch appear as spirits in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, originally obtainable only during the "Nintendo Labo SMASH KIT" spirit event that ran from April 25, 2019 to April 30, 2019.

New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe
In New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe, a Nintendo Switch console with red and blue Joy-Con attached to it appears in the Records Toad House. Said console plays a music box version of the credits music while the credits are displayed.

Yoshi's Crafted World
In Yoshi's Crafted World, the player can unlock costumes based on the Nintendo Labo's Toy-Con RC Car, Piano, and Robot.

Trivia

 * The Nintendo Switch is the first Nintendo console since the Nintendo GameCube to not be backwards-compatible with its immediate predecessor. However, some games have been ported over to the Nintendo Switch.
 * The phrase "THX2 ALLGAMEFANS!" can be found written on the Pro Controller's motherboard, just above ; the message is viewable by holding down and peering through the transparent plastic in the surrounding socket.
 * A copy of 1984's Golf was embedded in the Nintendo Switch firmware. Activating it requires the internal system clock to be set to July 11 – Satoru Iwata's – and performing his iconic "" hand gesture with both Joy-Con controllers on the main menu. If successful, a voice clip of Iwata from a Japanese 2012 presentation will confirm the input, and an emulation of Golf with added motion control support will promptly boot up. Golf has significance as one of the first video games Iwata programmed himself for Nintendo while working at HAL Laboratory. This version of Golf was overwritten as of the 4.0.0 update, making it unplayable.