Galoomba

Galoombas (named "Goombas" in Super Mario World) are somewhat rare enemies from Super Mario World. They either walk across the ground, parachute from above or float down in bubbles (which burst upon coming into contact with any object), or can even appear with wings to hop around. They later reappear in Super Mario 3D World, where they are given the name "Galoomba" to distinguish them from actual Goombas.

Super Mario World
Galoombas first appear in Super Mario World, in which they are simply called "Goombas" despite acting differently. Although these creatures walk in straight paths to attack, like regular Goombas, these new baddies do not resemble the older ones. Galoombas do not have mushroom-shaped heads, but more spherical ones. They also lack a stem: the Galoomba's two feet are attached directly to the bottom of the head. As such, they resemble chestnuts more than mushrooms.

Galoombas cannot be defeated in a single jump, as doing so flips them over and immobilizes them. In this state, they can be picked up and thrown at other enemies, like with Koopa Troopas. Running into them or jumping on them when flipped causes them to be kicked around (though they do not ricochet, like shells do). After a few seconds they right themselves, which damages Mario if he is carrying one. They can automatically be defeated with a Spin Jump, or with a fireball or an attack from Yoshi; an attack with the cape causes them to be flipped over as well.

There are two variants of Goombas in the original game. Para-Goombas are Galoombas which utilize parachutes instead of being Goombas with wings. Flying Goombas (wing-bearing Galoombas) also appear, and can only hop on the ground instead of fly. Like Paragoombas, Flying Goombas' wings are clipped after one jump, leaving them rendered as a normal Galoomba, and thus, stomping on them after their wings are gone just renders them helpless for a few moments, allowing the player to throw them at other enemies. Spiked versions of Flying Goombas also known as Para-Goombas later appeared in Mario Clash.

In the Super Mario World Game Boy Advance remake, Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2, after the player beats the Special World and finds all of the exits, the Galoombas are colored yellow and wear sunglasses.

Super Mario 3D World
After a long absence, Galoombas reappear in Super Mario 3D World, alongside regular Goombas and a bigger variation named Big Galoomba. Like normal Goombas in 3D Mario games, they attempt to chase after the player upon seeing them. Additionally, like in Super Mario World, Galoombas cannot be defeated with one jump, as that causes them to be flipped over, though unlike Super Mario World a second jump defeats them. A Ground Pound can also be used to defeat them in one hit. Additionally, Galoombas cannot be kicked around, as running into them while immobilized also causes them to be defeated.

Super Mario World cartoon
Galoombas appear twice in the Super Mario World cartoon. They first appear in "The Wheel Thing", in which they are shown as being the "power source" for the cars made by Mario and Luigi. Galoombas also briefly appear in "The Yoshi Shuffle" in the audience during the football game. Flying Goombas of this variety appear earlier in "Fire Sale".

Super Mario Adventures
In Super Mario Adventures, Galoombas and at least two Flying Goombas were sent by Bowser to attack Princess Toadstool's Palace. In addition, they were among the attendees to Bowser's marriage to the hypnotized Princess Toadstool.

Mario Party 3
Flying Galoombas appear as an obstacle during the minigame Ridiculous Relay. The single player must dodge both them and Banzai Bills in their hand glider, and reach the finish line before the other three players do.

Mario Party Advance
Two Galoombas appear in Mario Party Advance at Goombob Manor, named Goombob and Goombetty.

Mario Party 10
Galoombas appear in Mario Party 10, in a few minigames that also feature Goombas and Goombrats.

Super Mario Maker
Galoombas replace regular Goombas when one person creates or plays on the Super Mario World style in Super Mario Maker. They use a slightly edited version of their original sprite from Super Mario World (they have green feet to match their modern appearances), and when stomped on, they turn upside down, waiting for the player to pick their bodies up and hurl them. If a Super Mushroom is dragged onto a Galoomba, the enemy will transform into a Big Galoomba. If wings are given to a Galoomba, it will become a Flying Galoomba.

Trivia

 * In Super Mario Galaxy and Super Mario Galaxy 2, Micro Goombas have an appearance similar to Galoombas.
 * In Super Smash Bros. for Wii U, while Galoombas do not appear directly in the game, they are mentioned in one of the randomly generated Tips. In it, it is clarified that Super Mario World has no Goombas, and that Galoombas are a different species.